Psychometric Testing of an Instrument Assessing Family Knowledge, Contemplation, Confidence and Readiness for Engaging in Early Mobilisation of Critically Ill Patients: A Multi-Site Cross-Sectional Design

Article

Mukpradab, Sasithorn, Ireland, Michael, Tobiano, Georgia, Ranse, Kristen, Coyer, Fiona, Sosnowski, Kellie, Heyland, Daren K. and Marshall, Andrea P.. 2024. "Psychometric Testing of an Instrument Assessing Family Knowledge, Contemplation, Confidence and Readiness for Engaging in Early Mobilisation of Critically Ill Patients: A Multi-Site Cross-Sectional Design." Journal of Advanced Nursing. 81 (5), pp. 2382-2392. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.16415

Article Title	Psychometric Testing of an Instrument Assessing Family Knowledge, Contemplation, Confidence and Readiness for Engaging in Early Mobilisation of Critically Ill Patients: A Multi-Site Cross-Sectional Design
ERA Journal ID	14101
Article Category	Article
Authors	Mukpradab, Sasithorn, Ireland, Michael, Tobiano, Georgia, Ranse, Kristen, Coyer, Fiona, Sosnowski, Kellie, Heyland, Daren K. and Marshall, Andrea P.
Journal Title	Journal of Advanced Nursing
Journal Citation	81 (5), pp. 2382-2392
Number of Pages	11
Year	2024
Publisher	John Wiley & Sons
Place of Publication	United Kingdom
ISSN	0309-2402
	1365-2648
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)	https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.16415
Web Address (URL)	https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jan.16415
Abstract	Background Early mobilisation is beneficial to support recovery among critically ill patients. The literature highlights the benefits of family engagement in early mobilisation, yet this practice remains underutilised. Effective implementation depends on understanding the key antecedents that influence family engagement in early mobilisation, specifically families' knowledge, contemplation, confidence and readiness. However, no measurement tools currently exist to assess these. Therefore, developing a psychometrically supported instrument is essential to understanding and enhancing families' factors influencing their engagement in early mobilisation. Aim To develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of an instrument to assess families' knowledge, contemplation, confidence and readiness to engage in early mobilisation. Design A multi-site cross-sectional survey design. Methods Based on established psychological theory (Social Cognitive Theories and Behaviour Change Theories), an item pool was developed to assess families' knowledge, contemplation, confidence and readiness to participate in early mobilisation. To psychometrically evaluate the new tool, a multi-site cross-sectional survey was undertaken from May 2020 to June 2022 across five intensive care units in Australia. Data from 370 families of critically ill patients were used to evaluate the structural, convergent and discriminant validity as well as the reliability of the new instrument. Results Confirmatory factor analysis indicated good model fit, supporting the proposed structure. All items displayed high standardised factor loadings except one, which improved upon freeing an error covariance. Positive inter-factor correlations were moderate to strong and were substantially lower than the square root of the average variance extracted, supporting both convergent and discriminant validity, respectively. Additionally, all subscales demonstrated well to excellent reliability. Conclusion The findings provide preliminary support for the multiple types of validity evidence and the reliability of the instrument. This new instrument is suitable for use in clinical and research applications to assess families' knowledge, contemplation, confidence and readiness for their engagement in early mobilisation.
Keywords	confirmatory factor analysis; critically ill patients; cross-sectional study; early mobilisation; family engagement; psychometric testing
Contains Sensitive Content	Does not contain sensitive content
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020	529999. Other psychology not elsewhere classified
Byline Affiliations	Griffith University
	Prince of Songkla University, Thailand
	School of Sciences
	Gold Coast Hospital and Health Service, Australia
	Princess Alexandra Hospital, Australia
	Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Australia
	University of Queensland
	Logan Hospital, Australia
	Queen's University, Canada
	Kingston General Hospital, Canada
	Gold Coast Hospital and Health Service, Australia

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Physical Activity in Peri-Urban Communities: Testing Intentional and Implicit Processes within an Ecological Framework

Olson, Jenny L., Ireland, Michael J., March, Sonja, Biddle, Stuart J. H., Hagger, Martin S., Olson J.L., Ireland M.J., March S., Biddle S.J.H. and Hagger M.S.. 2020. "Physical Activity in Peri-Urban Communities: Testing Intentional and Implicit Processes within an Ecological Framework." Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being. 12 (2), pp. 357-383. https://doi.org/10.1111/aphw.12182

Not quite city and not quite rural: Active lifestyle beliefs in peri-urban Australians

Olson, Jenny L., March, Sonja, Clough, Bonnie, Biddle, Stuart J. H. and Ireland, Michael. 2019. "Not quite city and not quite rural: Active lifestyle beliefs in peri-urban Australians." Health Promotion Journal of Australia. 30 (S1), pp. 72-84. https://doi.org/10.1002/hpja.234

General practitioner endorsement of mail-out colorectal cancer screening: The perspective of nonparticipants

Goodwin, Belinda C., Crawford-Williams, Fiona, Ireland, Michael J., March, Sonja, Goodwin B.C., Crawford-Williams F., Ireland M.J. and March S.. 2020. "General practitioner endorsement of mail-out colorectal cancer screening: The perspective of nonparticipants." Translational Behavioral Medicine. 10 (2), pp. 366-374. https://doi.org/10.1093/tbm/ibz011

Geographic variation in compliance With FOBT colorectal cancer screening programs: the role of attitudes toward health and help seeking

Goodwin, Belinda C., March, Sonja, Ireland, Michael, Crawford-Williams, Fiona, Manski, Donna, Ford, Martelle and Dunn, Jeff. 2019. "Geographic variation in compliance With FOBT colorectal cancer screening programs: the role of attitudes toward health and help seeking." Rural and Remote Health. 19 (3), pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.22605/RRH4957

Candida albicans colonisation, continence status and incontinence-associated dermatitis in the acute care setting: a pilot study

Campbell, Jill L., Coyer, Fiona M., Mudge, Alison M., Robertson, Ivan M. and Osborne, Sonya R.. 2016. "Candida albicans colonisation, continence status and incontinence-associated dermatitis in the acute care setting: a pilot study." International Wound Journal. 14 (3), pp. 488-495. https://doi.org/10.1111/iwj.12630

Incontinence-associated dermatitis: a cross-sectional prevalence study in the Australian acute care hospital setting

Campbell, Jill L., Coyer, Fiona M. and Osborne, Sonya R.. 2014. "Incontinence-associated dermatitis: a cross-sectional prevalence study in the Australian acute care hospital setting." International Wound Journal. 13 (3), pp. 403-411. https://doi.org/10.1111/iwj.12322

Incidence and predictors of lower limb split-skin graft failure and primary closure dehiscence in day-case surgical patients

Stankiewicz, Monica, Coyer, Fiona, Webster, Joan and Osborne, Sonya. 2015. "Incidence and predictors of lower limb split-skin graft failure and primary closure dehiscence in day-case surgical patients." Dermatologic Surgery. 41 (7), pp. 775-783. https://doi.org/10.1097/DSS.0000000000000391

The skin safety model: reconceptualizing skin vulnerability in older patients

Campbell, Jill L, Coyer, Fiona M. and Osborne, Sonya R.. 2016. "The skin safety model: reconceptualizing skin vulnerability in older patients." Journal of Nursing Scholarship. 48 (1), pp. 14-22. https://doi.org/10.1111/jnu.12176

The alcohol–sport nexus and how consumers are affected through sponsorship

Kelly, Sarah and Ireland, Michael. 2019. "The alcohol–sport nexus and how consumers are affected through sponsorship." International Journal of Sport Communication. 12, pp. 79-103. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsc.2018-0153

Exploring scale validity and measurement invariance of the Toronto Mindfulness Scale across levels of meditation experience and proficiency

Ireland, Michael J., Day, Jamin J. and Clough, Bonnie A.. 2018. "Exploring scale validity and measurement invariance of the Toronto Mindfulness Scale across levels of meditation experience and proficiency." Journal of Clinical Psychology. 75 (3), pp. 445-461. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22709

Inactive lifestyles in peri‐urban Australia: a qualitative examination of social and physical environmental determinants

Olson, Jenny L., March, Sonja, Brownlow, Charlotte, Biddle, Stuart J. H. and Ireland, Michael. 2019. "Inactive lifestyles in peri‐urban Australia: a qualitative examination of social and physical environmental determinants." Health Promotion Journal of Australia. 30 (2), pp. 153-162. https://doi.org/10.1002/hpja.199

What prevents doctors from seeking help for stress and burnout? A mixed-methods investigation among metropolitan and regional-based Australian doctors

Clough, Bonnie A., March, Sonja, Leane, Sheena and Ireland, Michael J.. 2019. "What prevents doctors from seeking help for stress and burnout? A mixed-methods investigation among metropolitan and regional-based Australian doctors." Journal of Clinical Psychology. 75 (3), pp. 418-432. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22707

Geographic disparities in previously diagnosed health conditions in colorectal cancer patients are largely explained by age and area level disadvantage

Goodwin, Belinda C., March, Sonja, Ireland, Michael J., Crawford-Williams, Fiona, Ng, Shu-Kay, Baade, Peter D., Chambers, Suzanne K., Aitken, Joanne F. and Dunn, Jeff. 2018. "Geographic disparities in previously diagnosed health conditions in colorectal cancer patients are largely explained by age and area level disadvantage." Frontiers in Oncology. 8, pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2018.00372

A Rasch Model analysis of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire

Ireland, Michael J., Goh, Hong Eng and Marais, Ida. 2018. "A Rasch Model analysis of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire." Journal of Applied Measurement. 19 (3), pp. 258-270.

Slipping through the cracks: teachers who miss out on early career support

Kelly, Nick, Sim, Cheryl and Ireland, Michael. 2018. "Slipping through the cracks: teachers who miss out on early career support." Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education. 46 (3), pp. 292-316. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359866X.2018.1441366

Geographical Variations in the Clinical Management of Colorectal Cancer in Australia: A Systematic Review

Crawford-Williams, Fiona, March, Sonja, Ireland, Michael J., Rowe, Arlen, Goodwin, Belinda, Hyde, Melissa K., Chambers, Suzanne K., Aitken, Joanne F. and Dunn, Jeff. 2018. "Geographical Variations in the Clinical Management of Colorectal Cancer in Australia: A Systematic Review." Frontiers in Oncology. 8, pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2018.00116

The impact of differential item functioning on the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale

Goh, Hong Eng, Marais, Ida and Ireland, Michael. 2018. "The impact of differential item functioning on the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale." Journal of Applied Measurement. 19 (2), pp. 1-11.

Understanding performance decrements in a letter-canceling task: overcoming habits or inhibition of reading

Myers, Larry, Downie, Steven, Taylor, Grant, Marrington, Jessica, Tehan, Gerald and Ireland, Michael J.. 2018. "Understanding performance decrements in a letter-canceling task: overcoming habits or inhibition of reading." Frontiers in Psychology. 9, pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00711

The Interoception Sensory Questionnaire (ISQ): A Scale to Measure Interoceptive Challenges in Adults

Fiene, L., Ireland, M. J. and Brownlow, C.. 2018. "The Interoception Sensory Questionnaire (ISQ): A Scale to Measure Interoceptive Challenges in Adults." Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 48 (10), pp. 3354-3366. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3600-3

Cancer care in regional Australia from the health professional's perspective

Crawford-Williams, Fiona, Goodwin, Belinda, March, Sonja, Ireland, Michael J., Hyde, Melissa K., Chambers, Suzanne K., Aitken, Joanne F. and Dunn, Jeff. 2018. "Cancer care in regional Australia from the health professional's perspective." Supportive Care in Cancer. 26 (10), pp. 3507-3515. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-018-4218-x

Attitudes Toward e-Mental Health Services in a Community Sample of Adults: Online Survey

March, Sonja, Day, Jamin, Ritchie, Gabrielle, Rowe, Arlen, Gough, Jeffrey, Hall, Tanya, Yuen, Chin Yan Jackie, Donovan, Caroline Leanne and Ireland, Michael. 2018. "Attitudes Toward e-Mental Health Services in a Community Sample of Adults: Online Survey." Journal of Medical Internet Research. 20 (2). https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.9109

The Interactive Child Distress Screener: development and preliminary feasibility testing

March, Sonja, Day, Jamin, Zieschank, Kirsty and Ireland, Michael. 2018. "The Interactive Child Distress Screener: development and preliminary feasibility testing." JMIR mHealth and uHealth. 6 (4), pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.2196/mhealth.9456

Ego depletion in real-time: an examination of the sequential-task paradigm

Arber, Madeleine M., Ireland, Michael J., Feger, Roy, Marrington, Jessica, Tehan, Joshua and Tehan, Gerald. 2017. "Ego depletion in real-time: an examination of the sequential-task paradigm." Frontiers in Psychology. 8, pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01672

Psychosocial interventions for managing occupational stress and burnout among medical doctors: a systematic review

Clough, Bonnie A., March, Sonja, Chan, Raymond J., Casey, Leanne M., Phillips, Rachel and Ireland, Michael J.. 2017. "Psychosocial interventions for managing occupational stress and burnout among medical doctors: a systematic review." Systematic Reviews. 6, pp. 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-017-0526-3

Psychometric testing of the revised “Families’ Importance in Nursing Care—Nurses’ Attitudes instrument”

Mackie, Benjamin R., Marshall, Andrea, Mitchell, Marion and Ireland, Michael J.. 2017. "Psychometric testing of the revised “Families’ Importance in Nursing Care—Nurses’ Attitudes instrument” ." Journal of Advanced Nursing. 74 (2), pp. 482-490. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13442

Can alcohol sponsorship be diluted by health messaging?

Kelly, Sarah Jane, Ireland, Michael, Mangan, John and Williamson, Harley. 2018. "Can alcohol sponsorship be diluted by health messaging?" Sport in Society. 21 (3), pp. 434-451. https://doi.org/10.1080/17430437.2017.1346617

Internet-based delivery of cognitive behaviour therapy compared to monitoring, feedback and support for problem gambling: a randomised controlled trial

Casey, Leanne M., Oei, Tian P. S., Raylu, Namrata, Horrigan, Katherine, Day, Jamin, Ireland, Michael and Clough, Bonnie A.. 2017. "Internet-based delivery of cognitive behaviour therapy compared to monitoring, feedback and support for problem gambling: a randomised controlled trial." Journal of Gambling Studies. 33 (3), pp. 993-1010. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10899-016-9666-y

Farmers tell us how to help improve their mental health help-seeking

Vayro, C., Brownlow, C., Ireland, M. and March, S.. 2017. "Farmers tell us how to help improve their mental health help-seeking." 9th Australian Rural and Remote Mental Health Symposium. Albury, Australia 11 - 13 Oct 2017 Nerang, Qld, Australia.

Socio-demographic factors drive regional differences in participation in the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program – An ecological analysis

Sun, Jiandong, March, Sonja, Ireland, Michael J., Crawford-Williams, Fiona, Goodwin, Belinda, Hyde, Melissa K., Chambers, Suzanne K., Aitken, Joanne F. and Dunn, Jeff. 2018. "Socio-demographic factors drive regional differences in participation in the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program – An ecological analysis." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health. 42 (1), pp. 92-97. https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12722

A systematic review of geographical differences in management and outcomes for colorectal cancer in Australia

Ireland, Michael J., March, Sonja, Crawford-Williams, Fiona, Cassimatis, Mandy, Aitken, Joanne F., Hyde, Melissa K., Chambers, Suzanne K., Sun, Jiandong and Dunn, Jeff. 2017. "A systematic review of geographical differences in management and outcomes for colorectal cancer in Australia." BMC Cancer. 17 (1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-017-3067-1

A randomized controlled trial of mindfulness to reduce stress and burnout among intern medical practitioners

Ireland, Michael J., Clough, Bonnie, Gill, Kim, Langan, Fleur, O'Connor, Angela and Spencer, Lyndall. 2017. "A randomized controlled trial of mindfulness to reduce stress and burnout among intern medical practitioners." Medical Teacher. 39 (4), pp. 409-414. https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159X.2017.1294749

The impact of alcohol sponsorship in sport upon varsity sportspeople

Kelly, Sarah Jane, Ireland, Michael, Mangan, John and Alpert, Frank. 2014. "The impact of alcohol sponsorship in sport upon varsity sportspeople." Journal of Sport Management. 28 (4), pp. 418-432. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsm.2013-0078

Young consumers’ exposure to alcohol sponsorship in sport

Kelly, Sarah, Ireland, Michael, Alpert, Frank and Mangan, John. 2015. "Young consumers’ exposure to alcohol sponsorship in sport." International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship. 16 (2), pp. 2-21. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSMS-16-02-2015-B002

Development of the SOSS-D: a scale to measure stigma of occupational stress and burnout in medical doctors

Clough, Bonnie A., Ireland, Michael J. and March, Sonja. 2018. "Development of the SOSS-D: a scale to measure stigma of occupational stress and burnout in medical doctors." Journal of Mental Health. 28 (1), pp. 26-33. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638237.2017.1370642

Farmers are not seeking help: what does service provision have to do with it?

Vayro, C., Brownlow, C., Ireland, M. and March, S.. 2017. "Farmers are not seeking help: what does service provision have to do with it?" 14th World Rural Health Conference (Wonca 2017). Cairns, QLD 29 Apr - 02 May 2017

Farmers aren't seeking help for mental health: their partners tell us why

Vayro, Caitlin, Brownlow, Charlotte, Ireland, Michael and March, Sonja. 2017. "Farmers aren't seeking help for mental health: their partners tell us why." Coleman, Leanne (ed.) 14th National Rural Health Conference. Cairns, Australia 26 - 29 Mar 2017 Canberra, Australia.

Stories from Queensland farmers: 'why we don't seek help for mental health'

Vayro, Caitlin, Brownlow, Charlotte, Ireland, Michael and March, Sonja. 2016. "Stories from Queensland farmers: 'why we don't seek help for mental health'." 8th Rural and Remote Mental Health Symposium (2016). Kingscliff, Australia 03 - 04 Nov 2016

The cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire: factorial, convergent, and criterion validity analyses of the full and short versions

Ireland, Michael J., Clough, Bonnie A. and Day, Jamin J.. 2017. "The cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire: factorial, convergent, and criterion validity analyses of the full and short versions." Personality and Individual Differences. 110, pp. 90-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.01.035

It works two ways: impacts of sponsorship alliance upon sport and sponsor image

Kelly, Sarah Jane, Ireland, Michael, Mangan, John and Williamson, Harley. 2016. "It works two ways: impacts of sponsorship alliance upon sport and sponsor image." Sport Marketing Quarterly. 25 (4), pp. 241-259.

The impact of interventions that promote family involvement in care on adult acute-care wards: an integrative review

Mackie, Benjamin R., Mitchell, Marion and Marshall, Andrea. 2018. "The impact of interventions that promote family involvement in care on adult acute-care wards: an integrative review." Collegian: The Australian Journal of Nursing Practice, Scholarship and Research. 25 (1), pp. 131-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colegn.2017.01.006

Innovative mental health solutions for regional well-being and resilience

March, Sonja, Ireland, Michael, Brownlow, Charlotte, Goh, Hong Eng, Antonio, Amy, Tehan, Gerry and Keppell, Mike. 2014. "Innovative mental health solutions for regional well-being and resilience." Keppell, Mike and Reushle, Shirley (ed.) 2nd Digital Rural Futures Conference 2014. Toowoomba, Australia 25 - 27 Jun 2014 Toowoomba, Australia.

The nature of youth care tasks in families experiencing chronic illness/disability: development of the Youth Activities of Caregiving Scale (YACS)

Ireland, Michael James and Pakenham, Kenneth Ian. 2010. "The nature of youth care tasks in families experiencing chronic illness/disability: development of the Youth Activities of Caregiving Scale (YACS)." Psychology and Health: an international journal. 25 (6), pp. 713-731. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870440902893724

Youth adjustment to parental illness or disability: the role of illness characteristics, caregiving, and attachment

Ireland, Michael J. and Pakenham, Kenneth I.. 2010. "Youth adjustment to parental illness or disability: the role of illness characteristics, caregiving, and attachment." Psychology, Health and Medicine. 15 (6), pp. 632-645. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2010.498891