The skin safety model: reconceptualizing skin vulnerability in older patients

Article

Campbell, Jill L, Coyer, Fiona M. and Osborne, Sonya R.. 2016. "The skin safety model: reconceptualizing skin vulnerability in older patients." Journal of Nursing Scholarship. 48 (1), pp. 14-22. https://doi.org/10.1111/jnu.12176
Article Title

The skin safety model: reconceptualizing skin vulnerability in older patients

ERA Journal ID14119
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsCampbell, Jill L (Author), Coyer, Fiona M. (Author) and Osborne, Sonya R. (Author)
Journal TitleJournal of Nursing Scholarship
Journal Citation48 (1), pp. 14-22
Number of Pages9
Year2016
Place of PublicationUnited States
ISSN0363-2792
0743-5150
1527-6546
1547-5069
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1111/jnu.12176
Web Address (URL)https://sigmapubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jnu.12176
Abstract

Purpose: To develop a unique skin safety model (SSM) that offers a new and unified perspective on the diverse yet interconnected antecedents that contribute to a spectrum of potential iatrogenic skin injuries in older hospitalized adults. Organizing Construct: Discussion paper. Methods: A literature search of electronic databases was conducted for published articles written in English addressing skin integrity and iatrogenic skin injury in elderly hospital patients between 1960 and 2014. Findings: There is a multiplicity of literature outlining the etiology, prevention, and management of specific iatrogenic skin injuries. Complex and interrelated factors contribute to iatrogenic skin injury in the older adult, including multiple comorbidities, factors influencing healthcare delivery, and acute situational stressors. A range of injuries can result when these factors are complicated by skin irritants, pressure, shear, or friction; however, despite skin injuries sharing multiple antecedents, no unified overarching skin safety conceptual model has been published. Conclusions: The SSM presented in this article offers a new, unified framework that encompasses the spectrum of antecedents to skin vulnerability as well as the spectrum of iatrogenic skin injuries that may be sustained by older acute care patients. Current skin integrity frameworks address prevention and management of specific skin injuries. In contrast, the SSM recognizes the complex interplay of patient and system factors that may result in a range of iatrogenic skin injuries. Skin safety is reconceptualized into a single model that has the potential for application at the individual patient level, as well as healthcare systems and governance levels. Clinical Relevance: Skin safety is concerned with keeping skin safe from any iatrogenic skin injury, and remains an ongoing challenge for healthcare providers. A conceptual framework that encompasses all of the factors that may contribute to a range of iatrogenic skin injuries is essential, and guides the clinician in maintaining skin integrity in the vulnerable older patient.

Keywordsacute care, incontinence-associated dermatitis, older adult, pressure ulcer, skin safety
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020420501. Acute care
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Byline AffiliationsQueensland University of Technology
Institution of OriginUniversity of Southern Queensland
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Osborne, Sonya, Douglas, Clint, Reid, Carol, Jones, Lee and Gardner, Glenn. 2015. "The primacy of vital signs – Acute care nurses’ and midwives’ use of physical assessment skills: a cross sectional study." International Journal of Nursing Studies. 52 (5), pp. 951-962. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2015.01.014
Preoperative bathing or showering with skin antiseptics to prevent surgical site infection (Review)
Webster, Joan and Osborne, Sonya. 2015. "Preoperative bathing or showering with skin antiseptics to prevent surgical site infection (Review)." Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004985.pub5
Perioperative nursing
Sutherland-Fraser, Sally, Osborne, Sonya and Bryant, Kim. 2016. "Perioperative nursing." Hamlin, Lois, Davies, Menna, Richardson-Tench, Marilyn and Sutherland-Fraser, Sally (ed.) Perioperative nursing: an introduction. Marrickville, Australia. Elsevier. pp. 1-29
Author response: missed opportunity related to statistical methods
Osborne, Sonya Ranee, Jones, Lee and Webster, Joan. 2014. "Author response: missed opportunity related to statistical methods." AORN Journal. 99 (6), pp. 675-677. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aorn.2014.04.002
Incidence and predictors of lower limb split-skin graft failure and primary closure dehiscence in day-case surgical patients
Stankiewicz, Monica, Coyer, Fiona, Webster, Joan and Osborne, Sonya. 2015. "Incidence and predictors of lower limb split-skin graft failure and primary closure dehiscence in day-case surgical patients." Dermatologic Surgery. 41 (7), pp. 775-783. https://doi.org/10.1097/DSS.0000000000000391
Skin preparation of the patient – more than skin deep
Levada, Lilliana and Osborne, Sonya. 2017. "Skin preparation of the patient – more than skin deep." Journal of Perioperative Nursing. 30 (2), pp. 57-59.
Making evidence-based perioperative practices stick: an introduction to an implementation science approach
Osborne, Sonya. 2017. "Making evidence-based perioperative practices stick: an introduction to an implementation science approach." Journal of Perioperative Nursing. 30 (4), pp. 53-55.
New ACORN guideline: perioperative nursing management of posthumous organ procurement
Gore, Amanda and Osborne, Sonya. 2017. "New ACORN guideline: perioperative nursing management of posthumous organ procurement." Journal of Perioperative Nursing. 30 (1 - Autumn), pp. 56-59.
Nursing physical assessment for patient safety in general wards: reaching consensus on core skills
Douglas, Clint, Booker, Catriona, Fox, Robyn, Windsor, Carol, Osborne, Sonya and Gardner, Glenn. 2016. "Nursing physical assessment for patient safety in general wards: reaching consensus on core skills." Journal of Clinical Nursing. 25 (13-14), pp. 1890-1900. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.13201
Intrathecal morphine–related perioperative hypothermia in women undergoing cesarean delivery: a retrospective case-control study
Munday, Judy, Osborne, Sonya and Yates, Patsy. 2018. "Intrathecal morphine–related perioperative hypothermia in women undergoing cesarean delivery: a retrospective case-control study." Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing. 33 (1), pp. 3-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jopan.2016.04.142
Preoperative warming versus no preoperative warming for maintenance of normothermia in women receiving intrathecal morphine for cesarean delivery: a single-blinded, randomized controlled trial
Munday, Judy, Osborne, Sonya, Yates, Patsy, Jones, Lee and Gosden, Edward. 2018. "Preoperative warming versus no preoperative warming for maintenance of normothermia in women receiving intrathecal morphine for cesarean delivery: a single-blinded, randomized controlled trial." Anesthesia and Analgesia. 126 (1), pp. 183-189. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0000000000002026
Nursing service innovation: a case study examining emergency nurse practitioner service sustainability
Fox, Amanda, Gardner, Glenn and Osborne, Sonya. 2018. "Nursing service innovation: a case study examining emergency nurse practitioner service sustainability." Journal of Advanced Nursing. 74 (2), pp. 454-464. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13454
Cohort study of a specialist social worker intervention on hospital use for patients at risk of long stay
Osborne, Sonya, Harrison, Gai, O'Malia, Angela, Barnett, Adrian Gerard, Carter, Hannah E. and Graves, Nicholas. 2018. "Cohort study of a specialist social worker intervention on hospital use for patients at risk of long stay." BMJ Open. 8 (12), pp. 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023127
Does preoperative oral carbohydrate reduce hospital stay? A randomized trial
Webster, Joan, Osborne, Sonya Ranee, Gill, Richard, Chow, Carina Faran Kalan, Wallin, Siobhan, Jones, Lee and Tang, Annie. 2014. "Does preoperative oral carbohydrate reduce hospital stay? A randomized trial." AORN Journal. 99 (2), pp. 233-242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aorn.2013.12.003
Quantitative data collection and study validity
Osborne, Sonya and Schneider, Zevia. 2013. "Quantitative data collection and study validity." Schneider, Zevia, Whitehead, Dean, LoBiondo-Wood, Geri and Haber, Judith (ed.) Nursing and midwifery research: methods and appraisal for evidence-based practice. Australia. Elsevier - Mosby. pp. 200-217
Infection control
Osborne, Sonya. 2013. "Infection control." Crisp, Jackie, Potter, Patricia Ann, Taylor, Catherine, Rebeiro, Geraldine and Douglas, Clint (ed.) Potter and Perry's fundamentals of nursing. Chatswood, NSW, Australia. Elsevier - Mosby. pp. 703-752
The ACORN standards - our aide-memoire to professional practice
Osborne, Sonya. 2013. "The ACORN standards - our aide-memoire to professional practice." ACORN: the journal of perioperative nursing in Australia. 26 (4), pp. 14-15.
Clinically-indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters [Review]
Webster, Joan, Osborne, Sonya, Rickard, Clare M. and New, Karen. 2013. "Clinically-indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters [Review]." Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD007798.pub3
Nursing management: intraoperative care
Shoup, Anita, Reilly, Maureen, Kless, Jack and Osborne, Sonya. 2012. "Nursing management: intraoperative care." Brown, Diane and Edwards, Helen (ed.) Lewis's medical surgical nursing: assessment and management of clinical problems. Australia. Elsevier. pp. 402-420
Exploring the culture of non-reporting in the perioperative environment
Marshall, J. and Osborne, Sonya. 2007. "Exploring the culture of non-reporting in the perioperative environment." ACORN: the journal of perioperative nursing in Australia. 20 (2), pp. 10-21.
Imperatives and strategies for developing an evidence-based practice in perioperative nursing
Osborne, Sonya and Gardner, Glenn. 2004. "Imperatives and strategies for developing an evidence-based practice in perioperative nursing." ACORN: the journal of perioperative nursing in Australia. 17 (1), pp. 18-24.
Occupational exposures: balancing the costs of prevention vs treatment in operating theatres, with particular focus on double gloving practices
Osborne, Sonya. 2001. "Occupational exposures: balancing the costs of prevention vs treatment in operating theatres, with particular focus on double gloving practices." ACORN: the journal of perioperative nursing in Australia. 14 (2), pp. 16-21.
Care and preventative maintenance of surgical instrumentation: the scrub nurse's responsibility
Osborne, Sonya R.. 1999. "Care and preventative maintenance of surgical instrumentation: the scrub nurse's responsibility." ACORN: the journal of perioperative nursing in Australia. 12 (4), pp. 10-13.
Latex allergy: a perioperative environmental hazard
Osborne, Sonya R.. 1998. "Latex allergy: a perioperative environmental hazard." ACORN: the journal of perioperative nursing in Australia. 11 (4), pp. 26-28.