Sustainable macadamia nutshell-based particulate composites: Mechanical performance and application potential in structural materials

Article

Islam, Md Mainul, Bode, Rajesh Reddy, Dumaru, Sanjay Shrestha and Singh, Onkar Deep. 2025. "Sustainable macadamia nutshell-based particulate composites: Mechanical performance and application potential in structural materials." Journal of Sustainable Smart Materials and Structural Systems (JSSMSS) . 1, pp. 1-8.
Article Title

Sustainable macadamia nutshell-based particulate composites: Mechanical performance and application potential in structural materials

Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsIslam, Md Mainul, Bode, Rajesh Reddy, Dumaru, Sanjay Shrestha and Singh, Onkar Deep
Journal Title Journal of Sustainable Smart Materials and Structural Systems (JSSMSS)
Journal Citation1, pp. 1-8
Number of Pages8
Year2025
PublisherLife Science global Publishing
Place of PublicationCanada
Web Address (URL)https://ssmssjournal.com/index.php/jssmss/article/view/1
Abstract

Growing environmental concerns and the global shift toward circular economy practices have accelerated research into bio-composites derived from agricultural by-products. This study presents an initial systematic investigation of ground macadamia nutshell (MNS)-based particulate composites reinforced with epoxy and vinyl ester resins. The effects of filler content (5-30 wt.%) on mechanical performance were evaluated through compressive, tensile, flexural and SEM analyses. Results reveal that composites containing 10-20 wt.% MNS exhibit optimal strength-to-weight ratios, with flexural strength improvements of up to 15% compared to neat resins. Comparative analysis highlights the unique advantages of macadamia nutshells, high density, hardness, and availability as agro-waste, over other natural fillers. These findings demonstrate that MNS composites are not only environmentally sustainable but also mechanically competitive with conventional timber and synthetic composites, offering scalable potential for eco-construction, green building, and structural applications.

Keywordsstructural composites; Macadamia nutshells; bio-composites; epoxy resin; vinyl ester resin; mechanical performance; sustainable materials
Article Publishing Charge (APC) FundingResearcher
Contains Sensitive ContentDoes not contain sensitive content
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020401602. Composite and hybrid materials
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Byline AffiliationsSchool of Engineering
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Salleh, Zulzamri, Islam, Md Mainul, Yusop, M. Y. M. and Muhamad, M. S.. 2013. "Tensile behaviours of activated carbon (AC) coconut shell reinforced recycle polyethylene (PET) hybrid composites." 12th International Conference on Frontiers of Polymers and Advanced Materials (ICFPAM 2013). Auckland, New Zealand 08 - 13 Dec 2013
Cure shrinkage in epoxy grouts for grouted repairs
Shamsuddoha, Md, Islam, Md Mainul, Aravinthan, Thiru, Manalo, Allan and Lau, Kin-tak. 2013. "Cure shrinkage in epoxy grouts for grouted repairs." Epaarachchi, Jayantha A., Lau, Alan Kin-tak and Leng, Jinsong (ed.) 4th International Conference on Smart Materials and Nanotechnology in Engineering (SMN 2013). Gold Coast, Australia 10 - 12 Jul 2013 United States. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2028085
Selection of hemp fabric as reinforcement in composite materials
Misnon, Mohd Iqbal, Islam, Md Mainul, Epaarachchi, Jayantha Ananda and Lau, Kin-tak. 2014. "Selection of hemp fabric as reinforcement in composite materials." Mashud, Mohammad (ed.) 3rd International Conference on Mechanical, Industrial and Energy Engineering (ICMIEE 2014). Khulna, Bangladesh 26 - 27 Dec 2014 Khulna, Bangladesh.
Compressive properties of ceramic microballoon syntactic foams
Salleh, Zulzamri, Islam, Md Mainul and Epaarachchi, Jayantha Ananda. 2014. "Compressive properties of ceramic microballoon syntactic foams." Mashud, Mohammad (ed.) 3rd International Conference on Mechanical, Industrial and Energy Engineering (ICMIEE 2014). Khulna, Bangladesh 26 - 27 Dec 2014 Khulna, Bangladesh.
Compressive, tensile and thermal properties of epoxy grouts subjected to underwater conditioning at elevated temperature
Shamsuddoha, M., Islam, M. M., Aravinthan, T., Manalo, A. and Djukic, L. P.. 2014. "Compressive, tensile and thermal properties of epoxy grouts subjected to underwater conditioning at elevated temperature." Smith, Scott T. (ed.) 23rd Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials (ACMSM23). Byron Bay, Australia 09 - 12 Dec 2014 Lismore, Australia.
Development of fracture and damage modeling concepts for composite materials
Kakei, Ayad Arab Ghaidan, Epaarachchi, Jayantha Ananda, Islam, M. Mainul and Leng, Jinsong. 2016. "Development of fracture and damage modeling concepts for composite materials." Epaarachchi, Jayantha Ananda and Kahandawa, Gayan Chanaka (ed.) Structural health monitoring technologies and next-generation smart composite structures. Roca Raton, USA. CRC Press. pp. 341-368
Integration of textile fabric and coconut shell in particleboard
Misnon, M. I., Bahari, S. A., Islam, M. M. and Epaarachchi, J. A.. 2013. "Integration of textile fabric and coconut shell in particleboard ." Epaarachchi, Jayantha A., Lau, Alan Kin-tak and Leng, Jinsong (ed.) 4th International Conference on Smart Materials and Nanotechnology in Engineering (SMN 2013). Gold Coast, Australia 10 - 12 Jul 2013 United States. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2027836
Effect of hygrothermal conditioning on the mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy grouts for offshore pipeline rehabilitation
Shamsuddoha, Md, Islam, Md Mainul, Aravinthan, Thiru, Manalo, Allan and Djukic, Luke P.. 2016. "Effect of hygrothermal conditioning on the mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy grouts for offshore pipeline rehabilitation." AIMS Material Science. 3 (3), pp. 832-850. https://doi.org/10.3934/matersci.2016.3.832
Mechanical properties of sandwich composite made of syntactic foam core and GFRP skins
Salleh, Zulzamri, Islam, Md Mainul, Epaarachchi, Jayantha Ananda and Su, Haibin. 2016. "Mechanical properties of sandwich composite made of syntactic foam core and GFRP skins." AIMS Material Science. 3 (4), pp. 1704-1727. https://doi.org/10.3934/matersci.2016.4.1704
Analysis of stress concentration factor around the hole of syntactic foam tensile specimens
Salleh, Z., Islam, M. M. and Epaarachchi, J. A.. 2016. "Analysis of stress concentration factor around the hole of syntactic foam tensile specimens." International Journal of Advances in Science, Engineering and Technology (IJASEAT). 4 (3), pp. 102-106.
Woven hemp fabric reinforced vinyl ester composite: effect of water absorption on the mechanical properties degradation
Misnon, Mohd Iqbal, Islam, Md Mainul, Epaarachchi, Jayantha Ananda, Wang, Hao and Lau, Kin-tak. 2016. "Woven hemp fabric reinforced vinyl ester composite: effect of water absorption on the mechanical properties degradation." International Journal of Advances in Science, Engineering and Technology (IJASEAT). 4 (3), pp. 96-101.
Woven hemp fabric reinforced vinyl ester composite treated with fire retardant
Misnon, Mohd Iqbal, Islam, Md Mainul, Epaarachchi, Jayantha Ananda, Chen, Haizhen and Wang, Hao. 2016. "Woven hemp fabric reinforced vinyl ester composite treated with fire retardant." International Journal of Advances in Science, Engineering and Technology (IJASEAT). 4 (3), pp. 90-95.
Shape memory polymers and their applications
Al Azzawi, W. S., Epaarachchi, Jayantha Ananda, Islam, M. Mainul and Leng, Jinsong. 2016. "Shape memory polymers and their applications." Epaarachchi, Jayantha Ananda and Kahandawa, Gayan Chanaka (ed.) Structural health monitoring technologies and next-generation smart composite structures. Boca Raton, Florida. CRC Press. pp. 447-478
Detection and characterisation of delamination damage propagation in woven glass fibre reinforced polymer composite using thermoelastic response mapping
Kakei, Ayad, Epaarachchi, J. A., Islam, Mainul, Leng, J. and Rajic, N.. 2016. "Detection and characterisation of delamination damage propagation in woven glass fibre reinforced polymer composite using thermoelastic response mapping." Composite Structures. 153, pp. 442-450. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2016.06.044
Mechanical properties of low density glass microballoon/vinyl ester syntactic foam for marine application
Salleh, Zulzamri, Islam, Md Mainul and Epaarachchi, Jayantha Ananda. 2015. "Mechanical properties of low density glass microballoon/vinyl ester syntactic foam for marine application." 12th Composites Australia and CRC-ACS Conference 2015: Game On! Winning with Composites. Gold Coast, Australia 21 - 23 Apr 2015
Compressive behaviour of low density polymeric syntactic foams
Salleh, Zulzamri, Islam, Md Mainul and Epaarachchi, Jayantha Ananda. 2015. "Compressive behaviour of low density polymeric syntactic foams." Applied Mechanics and Materials. 799-800, pp. 135-139. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.799-800.135
Analyses of woven hemp fabric characteristics for composite reinforcement
Misnon, M. I., Islam, M. M., Epaarachchi, J. A. and Lau, K. T.. 2015. "Analyses of woven hemp fabric characteristics for composite reinforcement." Materials and Design. 66 (A), pp. 82-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2014.10.037
Characterisation of the mechanical properties of pultruded fibre-reinforced polymer tube
Guades, Ernesto, Aravinthan, Thiru and Islam, Md Mainul. 2014. "Characterisation of the mechanical properties of pultruded fibre-reinforced polymer tube." Materials and Design. 63, pp. 305-315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2014.06.018
Potentiality of utilising natural textile materials for engineering composites applications
Misnon, Mohd Iqbal, Islam, Md Mainul, Epaarachchi, Jayantha Ananda and Lau, Kin-tak. 2014. "Potentiality of utilising natural textile materials for engineering composites applications." Materials and Design. 59, pp. 359-368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2014.03.022
Mechanical and thermal properties of jute fibre reinforced composites
Kabir, Mohammad Mazedul, Islam, Md Mainul and Wang, Hao. 2013. "Mechanical and thermal properties of jute fibre reinforced composites." Journal of Multifunctional Composites. 1 (1), pp. 71-77. https://doi.org/10.12783/issn.2168-4286/1.1/Islam
Effectiveness of using fibre-reinforced polymer composites for underwater steel pipeline repairs
Shamsuddoha, Md, Islam, Md Mainul, Aravinthan, Thiru, Manalo, Allan and Lau, Kin-tak. 2013. "Effectiveness of using fibre-reinforced polymer composites for underwater steel pipeline repairs." Composite Structures. 100, pp. 40-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2012.12.019
Smart structure for small wind turbine blade
Supeni, E. E., Epaarachchi, J. A., Islam, M. M. and Lau, K. T.. 2013. "Smart structure for small wind turbine blade." Epaarachchi, Jayantha A., Lau, Alan Kin-tak and Leng, Jinsong (ed.) 4th International Conference on Smart Materials and Nanotechnology in Engineering (SMN 2013). Gold Coast, Australia 10 - 12 Jul 2013 United States. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2027725
Mechanical properties of epoxy grouts for structural repair
Shamsuddoha, M., Islam, M. M., Aravinthan, T., Manalo, A. C. and Lau, K. T.. 2013. "Mechanical properties of epoxy grouts for structural repair." Samali, Bijan, Attard, Mario M. and Song, Chongmin (ed.) 22nd Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials (ACMSM22). Sydney, Australia 11 - 14 Dec 2012 London, United Kingdom.
Effect of coarse filler on shrinkages and dynamic mechanical properties of epoxy grouts
Shamsuddoha, Md, Islam, Md Mainul, Aravinthan, Thiru, Manalo, Allan and Lau, Kin-Tak. 2014. "Effect of coarse filler on shrinkages and dynamic mechanical properties of epoxy grouts." Journal of Multifunctional Composites. 2 (1), pp. 61-66. https://doi.org/10.12783/issn.2168-4286/2.1/
Sustainable composites
Yousif, Belal F., Islam, Md Mainul and Salit, Mohd Sapuan. 2013. "Sustainable composites." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/142718
Characterisation of mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy grouts for composite repair of steel pipelines
Shamsuddoha, Md, Islam, Md Mainul, Aravinthan, Thiru, Manalo, Allan and Lau, Kin-tak. 2013. "Characterisation of mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy grouts for composite repair of steel pipelines." Materials and Design. 52, pp. 315-327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2013.05.068
Study on compressive properties of syntactic foams for marine applications
Salleh, Z., Islam, M. M. and Ku, H.. 2014. "Study on compressive properties of syntactic foams for marine applications." Journal of Multifunctional Composites. 2 (1), pp. 21-27. https://doi.org/10.12783/issn.2168-4286/2.1/Salleh
Development of artificial neural network model in predicting performance of the smart wind turbine blade
Supeni, E. E., Epaarachchi, J. A., Islam, M. M. and Lau, K. T.. 2013. "Development of artificial neural network model in predicting performance of the smart wind turbine blade." 3rd Malaysian Postgraduate Conference (MPC 2013). Sydney, Australia 04 - 05 Jul 2013 Sydney, Australia.
Textile material forms for reinforcement materials: a review
Misnon, M. I., Islam, M. M., Epaarachchi, J. and Lau, K. T.. 2013. "Textile material forms for reinforcement materials: a review." 3rd Malaysian Postgraduate Conference (MPC 2013). Sydney, Australia 04 - 05 Jul 2013 Sydney, Australia.
Tensile behaviours of activated carbon coconut shell filled epoxy composites
Salleh, Z., Islam, M. M. and Ku, H.. 2013. "Tensile behaviours of activated carbon coconut shell filled epoxy composites." Noor, M. M., Rahman, M. M. and Ismail, J. (ed.) 3rd Malaysian Postgraduate Conference (MPC 2013). Sydney, Australia 04 - 05 Jul 2013 Sydney, Australia.
Damage modelling of repeatedly impacted square fibre reinforced polymer composite tube
Guades, Ernesto, Aravinthan, Thiru, Manalo, Allan and Islam, Mainul. 2013. "Damage modelling of repeatedly impacted square fibre reinforced polymer composite tube." Materials and Design. 47, pp. 687-697. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2012.12.051
Fibre composites for high pressure pipeline repairs, in-air and subsea: an overview
Shamsuddoha, Md, Islam, Md Mainul, Aravinthan, Thiru, Manalo, Allan, Lau, Kin-tak and Elder, David. 2012. "Fibre composites for high pressure pipeline repairs, in-air and subsea: an overview." Ueda, Tamon (ed.) 3rd Asia-Pacific Conference on FRP in Structures (APFIS 2012). Sapporo, Japan 02 - 04 Feb 2012 Hokkaido, Japan.
Behaviour of pultruded FRP hollow sections under eccentric loading
Islam, Md Mainul, Aravinthan, Thiru and Williams, Paul Garreth. 2012. "Behaviour of pultruded FRP hollow sections under eccentric loading." Monti, Georgio (ed.) 6th International Conference on FRP Composites in Civil Engineering (CICE 2012). Rome, Italy 13 - 15 Jun 2012 Rome, Italy.
Silk fibers and their unidirectional polymer composites
Ahmed, Mansur, Islam, Md Saiful, Ahsan, Qumrul and Islam, Md Mainul. 2012. "Silk fibers and their unidirectional polymer composites." Thomas, Sabu, Ninan, Neethu, Mohan, Mohan and Francis, Elizabeth (ed.) Natural polymers, biopolymers, biomaterials, and their composites, blends, and IPNs. Oakville, ON. Canada . Apple Academic Press (CRC Press). pp. 79-90
A pilot study on flexural properties of epoxy nanoclay reinforced composites
Ku, H., Fung, S. Y., Islam, M., Li, X. and Chong, Y. P.. 2013. "A pilot study on flexural properties of epoxy nanoclay reinforced composites ." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites. 32 (2), pp. 96-104. https://doi.org/10.1177/0731684412459246
Development of smart wind turbine blades
Supeni, E. E., Epaarachchi, J. A., Islam, M. M. and Lau, K. T.. 2012. "Development of smart wind turbine blades." Jaafar, M., Azura, A. R., Leong, K. H and Leong, A. Y. L (ed.) 8th Asian-Australasian Conference on Composite Materials (ACCM 2012): Composites: Enabling Tomorrow's Industry Today. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 06 - 08 Nov 2012 Kowloon, Hong Kong.
Stiffness of FRP pultruded tubes under repeated axial impacts
Guades, Ernesto J., Aravinthan, Thiru, Islam, Md. Mainul and Manalo, Allan C.. 2012. "Stiffness of FRP pultruded tubes under repeated axial impacts." Ueda, Tamon (ed.) 3rd Asia-Pacific Conference on FRP in Structures (APFIS 2012). Sapporo, Japan 02 - 04 Feb 2012 Hokkaido, Japan.
Effects of energy level and impact repetitions on the impact fatigue behaviour and post-impact flexural properties of square FRP pultruded tubes
Guades, E. J., Aravinthan, T., Manalo, A. C. and Islam, M. M.. 2013. "Effects of energy level and impact repetitions on the impact fatigue behaviour and post-impact flexural properties of square FRP pultruded tubes." Samali, Bijan, Attard, Mario M. and Song, Chongmin (ed.) 22nd Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials (ACMSM22). Sydney, Australia 11 - 14 Dec 2012 London, United Kingdom.
Sandwich composites made of syntactic foam core and paper skin: manufacturing and mechanical behavior
Islam, Md Mainul and Kim, Ho Sung. 2012. "Sandwich composites made of syntactic foam core and paper skin: manufacturing and mechanical behavior." Journal of Sandwich Structures and Materials. 14 (1), pp. 111-127. https://doi.org/10.1177/1099636211413564
Design of smart structures for wind turbine blades
Supeni, E. E., Epaarachchi, J. A., Islam, M. M. and Lau, K. T.. 2012. "Design of smart structures for wind turbine blades." Noor, M. M., Rahman, M. M. and Ismail, J. (ed.) 2nd Malaysian Postgraduate Conference (MPC 2012). Gold Coast, Australia 07 - 09 Jul 2012 Sydney, Australia.
Experimental investigation on the behaviour of square FRP composite tubes under repeated axial impact
Guades, Ernesto, Aravinthan, Thiru, Manalo, Allan and Islam, Mainul. 2013. "Experimental investigation on the behaviour of square FRP composite tubes under repeated axial impact." Composite Structures. 97, pp. 211-221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2012.10.033
A review on the driving performance of FRP composite piles
Guades, Ernesto, Aravinthan, Thiru, Islam, Mainul and Manalo, Allan. 2012. "A review on the driving performance of FRP composite piles." Composite Structures. 94 (6), pp. 1932-1942. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2012.02.004
Compressive strength characterization of polyester based fillers
Sirimanna, Chamila Sampath, Lokuge, Weena, Islam, Md Mainul and Aravinthan, Thiru. 2012. "Compressive strength characterization of polyester based fillers." Advanced Materials Research. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.410.32
Driveability of composite piles
Guades, E. J., Aravinthan, T. and Islam, M. M.. 2011. "Driveability of composite piles." Cowled, Craig J. L. (ed.) 1st International Postgraduate Conference on Engineering, Designing and Developing the Built Environment for Sustainable Wellbeing (eddBE 2011). Brisbane, Australia 27 - 29 Apr 2011 Brisbane, Australia.
Behaviour of fibre composite pile under axial compression load
Guades, E. J., Sirimanna, C. S., Aravinthan, T. and Islam, M. M.. 2011. "Behaviour of fibre composite pile under axial compression load." Venkatesan, Srikanth, Lam, Nelson T. K. and Setunge, Sujeeva (ed.) 21st Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials (ACMSM 21). Melbourne, Australia 07 - 10 Dec 2010 Leiden, Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1201/b10571-81
Preliminary development of polymer based filler materials for GFRP tubular connector
Sirimanna, C. S., Islam, M. M. and Aravinthan, T.. 2011. "Preliminary development of polymer based filler materials for GFRP tubular connector." Fragomeni, Sam, Venkatesan, Srikanth, Lam, Nelson T. K. and Setunge, Sujeeva (ed.) 21st Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials (ACMSM 21). Melbourne, Australia 07 - 10 Dec 2010 Leiden, Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1201/b10571-79
Behaviour of fibre composite sandwich panels under uniformly distributed loading
Islam, M. M. and Aravinthan, T.. 2011. "Behaviour of fibre composite sandwich panels under uniformly distributed loading." Fragomeni, Sam, Venkatesan, Srikanth, Lam, Nelson T. K. and Setunge, Sujeeva (ed.) 21st Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials (ACMSM 21). Melbourne, Australia 07 - 10 Dec 2010 Leiden, Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1201/b10571-77
Influence of fly ash proportions on properties of polymer concrete with polyester resin
Lokuge, Weena, Aravinthan, Thiru, Sirimanna, Chamila Sampath and Islam, Mainul. 2011. "Influence of fly ash proportions on properties of polymer concrete with polyester resin." 25th Biennial Conference of the Concrete Institute of Australia (Concrete 2011): Building a Sustainable Future. Perth, Australia 12 - 14 Oct 2011 Sydney, Australia.
An investigation on the student performance in first year fundamental engineering course engineering statistics
Islam, Md Mainul and Epaarachchi, Jayantha Ananda. 2012. "An investigation on the student performance in first year fundamental engineering course engineering statistics." Mortimer, Rachel (ed.) 15th International First Year in Higher Education Conference (FYHE 2012) . Brisbane, Australia 26 - 29 Jun 2012 Brisbane, Australia.
Manufacture of syntactic foams using starch as binder: post-mold processing
Islam, Md Mainul and Kim, Ho Sung. 2008. "Manufacture of syntactic foams using starch as binder: post-mold processing." Materials and Manufacturing Processes. 23 (8), pp. 884-892. https://doi.org/10.1080/10426910802413661
Syntactic foams consolidated with starch: mixing behaviour for post-mould processing
Islam, Md Mainul and Kim, Ho Sung. 2006. "Syntactic foams consolidated with starch: mixing behaviour for post-mould processing." 4th International Conference on Advanced Materials & Processing (ICAMP-4). Hamilton, New Zealand 10 - 13 Dec 2006 Hamilton, New Zealand.
Syntactic foams consolidated with starch: modelling for pre-mould processing
Islam, Md Mainul and Kim, Ho Sung. 2006. "Syntactic foams consolidated with starch: modelling for pre-mould processing." 4th International Conference on Advanced Materials & Processing (ICAMP-4). Hamilton, New Zealand 10 - 13 Dec 2006 Hamilton, New Zealand.
Novel syntactic foams made of ceramic hollow micro-spheres and starch - theory, structure and properties
Islam, Md Mainul and Kim, Ho Sung. 2006. "Novel syntactic foams made of ceramic hollow micro-spheres and starch - theory, structure and properties." Bandyopadhyay, Sri, Zeng, Q., Berndt, Christopher C., Rizkalla, S., Gowripalan, N. and Matison, Janison (ed.) ACUN-5 International Composites Conference. Sydney, Australia 11 - 14 Jul 2006 Sydney, Australia.
Syntactic foams consolidated with starch: mixing behaviour for post-mould processing
Islam, Md Mainul and Kim, Ho Sung. 2007. "Syntactic foams consolidated with starch: mixing behaviour for post-mould processing." Advanced Materials Research. 29-30, pp. 169-172.
Syntactic foams consolidated with starch: modelling for pre-mould processing
Islam, Md Mainul and Kim, Ho Sung. 2007. "Syntactic foams consolidated with starch: modelling for pre-mould processing." Advanced Materials Research. 29-30, pp. 165-168.
Novel syntactic foams made of ceramic hollow micro-spheres and starch: theory, structure and properties
Islam, Md Mainul and Kim, Ho Sung. 2007. "Novel syntactic foams made of ceramic hollow micro-spheres and starch: theory, structure and properties." Journal of Materials Science. 42 (15), pp. 6123-6132. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-006-1091-7
Manufacture of syntactic foams: pre-mold processing
Islam, Md Mainul and Kim, Ho Sung. 2007. "Manufacture of syntactic foams: pre-mold processing." Materials and Manufacturing Processes. 22 (1), pp. 28-36. https://doi.org/10.1080/10426910601015857
Pre-mould processing for syntactic foams: modelling, theory and experiment
Islam, Md Mainul and Kim, Ho Sung. 2008. "Pre-mould processing for syntactic foams: modelling, theory and experiment." 13th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering (AMME-13). Cairo, Egypt 27 - 29 May 2008 Cairo, Egypt.
Temperature effects on full scale FRP bridge using innovative composite components
Sirimanna, C. S., Islam, M. M. and Aravinthan, T.. 2011. "Temperature effects on full scale FRP bridge using innovative composite components." Ye, Lieping, Feng, Peng and Yue, Qingrui (ed.) 5th International Conference on FRP Composites in Civil Engineering (CICE 2010). Beijing, China 27 - 29 Sep 2010 Beijing, China.
Behaviour of structural fibre composite sandwich panels under point load and uniformly distributed load
Islam, Md Mainul and Aravinthan, Thiru. 2010. "Behaviour of structural fibre composite sandwich panels under point load and uniformly distributed load." Composite Structures. 93 (1), pp. 206-215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2010.05.019
Polymer based filler materials as infill for GFRP pile connector
Sirimanna, Chamila Sampath, Islam, Md Mainul and Aravinthan, Thiru. 2011. "Polymer based filler materials as infill for GFRP pile connector." Key Engineering Materials. 471-472, pp. 763-768. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.471-472.763
Fabrication and characterization of unidirectional silk fibre composites
Ahmed, Mansur, Islam, Md Saiful, Ahsan, Qumrul and Islam, Md Mainul. 2011. "Fabrication and characterization of unidirectional silk fibre composites." Key Engineering Materials. 471-472 (1), pp. 20-25. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.471-472.20
Flexural behaviour of structural fibre composite sandwich beams in flatwise and edgewise positions
Manalo, A. C., Aravinthan, T., Karunasena, W. and Islam, M. M.. 2010. "Flexural behaviour of structural fibre composite sandwich beams in flatwise and edgewise positions." Composite Structures. 92 (4), pp. 984-995. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2009.09.046
Pre-mould processing technique for syntactic foams: generalised modelling, theory and experiment
Islam, Md Mainul and Kim, Ho Sung. 2011. "Pre-mould processing technique for syntactic foams: generalised modelling, theory and experiment." Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 211 (4), pp. 708-716. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2010.12.006
Mechanical and thermal properties of untreated and chemically treated jute fibre reinforced composites
Kabir, Mohammad Mazedul, Islam, Md Mainul and Wang, Hao. 2010. "Mechanical and thermal properties of untreated and chemically treated jute fibre reinforced composites." 1st International Conference on Mechanical, Industrial and Energy Engineering (ICMIEE 2010) . Khulna, Bangladesh 23 - 24 Dec 2010 Khulna, Bangladesh.
An overview on syntactic foam core and paper skin sandwich composites as potential building materials
Islam, Md Mainul, Kim, Ho Sung and Kabir, Mohammad Mazedul. 2010. "An overview on syntactic foam core and paper skin sandwich composites as potential building materials." 2010 International Conference on Mechanical, Industrial and Energy Engineering (ICMIEE2010). Khulna, Bangladesh 23 - 24 Dec 2010 Khulna, Bangladesh.
Effects of temperature on a pultruded FRP composite
Sirimanna, Chamila S., Islam, Md Mainul and Aravinthan, Thiru. 2010. "Effects of temperature on a pultruded FRP composite." Teh, Kian, Davies, Ian and Howard, Ian (ed.) 6th Australasian Congress on Applied Mechanics (ACAM 6). Perth, Western Australia 12 - 15 Dec 2010 Perth, Australia.
An overview on the application of FRP composites in piling system
Guades, E. J., Aravinthan, T. and Islam, M. M.. 2010. "An overview on the application of FRP composites in piling system." Goh, Steven C. and Wang, Hao (ed.) 2010 Southern Region Engineering Conference (SREC 2010). Toowoomba, Australia 11 - 12 Nov 2010 Canberra, Australia.
Physical and tensile properties of raw and treated silk fibres
Ahmed, Mansur, Islam, Md Saiful, Ahsan, Qumrul and Islam, Md Mainul. 2010. "Physical and tensile properties of raw and treated silk fibres." 2nd International Conference on Natural Polymers, Bio-Polymers, Bio-Materials, their Composites, Blends, IPN's and Gels Polyelectrolytes and Gels: Macro to Nano Scales (ICNP - 2010). Kottayam, India 24 - 26 Sep 2010 India.
Manufacturing and behaviour of sandwich composites made of starch as binder for core and adhesive between core and skins
Islam, Md Mainul and Kim, Ho Sung. 2010. "Manufacturing and behaviour of sandwich composites made of starch as binder for core and adhesive between core and skins." 2nd International Conference on Natural Polymers, Bio-Polymers, Bio-Materials, their Composites, Blends, IPN's and Gels Polyelectrolytes and Gels: Macro to Nano Scales (ICNP - 2010). Kottayam, India 24 - 26 Sep 2010 India.
Investigation for a suitable screw of a briquetting machine
Ali, Md Nawsher, Islam, Md Mainul and Ferdous, Chy. Md Refaul. 2004. "Investigation for a suitable screw of a briquetting machine." Hossain, M. Imtiaz (ed.) 2nd BSME-ASME lnternational Conference on Thermal Engineering. Dhaka, Bangladesh 02 - 04 Jan 2004 Dhaka, Bangladesh.
An overview of energy profile for Bangladesh: past, present and future uses
Khan, Kamrujjaman, Islam, Md Mainul, Rahman, M. L. and Ali, Md Nawsher. 2003. "An overview of energy profile for Bangladesh: past, present and future uses." 2003 National Seminar on the Role of Renewable and Alternative Energy Sources for National Development (SRRAESND-2003). Khulna, Bangladesh 19 - 20 Dec 2003 Pathumthani, Thailand.
An investigation on the raw materials and products of the briquetting machine
Islam, Md Mainul, Khan, Kamrujjaman, Ali, Md Nawsher and Islam, Md Shahidul. 2003. "An investigation on the raw materials and products of the briquetting machine." 2003 National Seminar on the Role of Renewable and Alternative Energy Sources for National Development (SRRAESND-2003). Khulna, Bangladesh 19 - 20 Dec 2003 Pathumthani, Thailand.
Syntactic foams as building materials consisting of inorganic hollow microspheres and starch binder
Kim, Ho Sung and Islam, Md Mainul. 2009. "Syntactic foams as building materials consisting of inorganic hollow microspheres and starch binder." Cornejo, Donald N. and Haro, Jason L. (ed.) Building materials: properties, performance and applications. New York, USA. Nova Science Publishers.
Behaviour of innovative fibre composite sandwich panels
Islam, Md Mainul. 2009. "Behaviour of innovative fibre composite sandwich panels." Workshop on Life Cycle Assessment of Sustainable FRP Materials (2009). Saitama, Japan 14 Dec 2009
Behaviour of innovative fibre composite sandwich panels under point loading
Islam, M. M., Aravinthan, T. and Van Erp, G.. 2009. "Behaviour of innovative fibre composite sandwich panels under point loading." Sim, Jongsung (ed.) 2nd Asia-Pacific Conference on FRP in Structures (APFIS 2009). Seoul, Korea 09 - 11 Dec 2009 Seoul, Korea.
Solar photovoltaic technology and Bangladesh
Ferdous, C. M. R., Islam, M. Shahidul, Islam, M. Mainul, Alam, M. M. Asraful and Rahman, A. N. M.Mizanur. 2003. "Solar photovoltaic technology and Bangladesh." 2003 National Seminar on the Role of Renewable and Alternative Energy Sources for National Development (SRRAESND-2003). Khulna, Bangladesh 19 - 20 Dec 2003 Pathumthani, Thailand.
Evaluation of the properties of raw materials and products of briquetting machine
Islam, Md Mainul, Ali, Md Nawsher and Mia, Sobahan. 2004. "Evaluation of the properties of raw materials and products of briquetting machine." Hossain, M. Imtiaz (ed.) 2nd BSME-ASME International Conference on Thermal Engineering. Dhaka, Bangladesh 02 - 04 Jan 2004 Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Crack opening behavior in aluminum alloy 5083
Islam, Md Mainul and Watanabe, Taiji. 2003. "Crack opening behavior in aluminum alloy 5083." Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Institution of Engineers, Bangladesh. ME 32, pp. 26-35.
Flexural behaviour of composite sandwiches for structural applications
Manalo, Allan, Aravinthan, Thiru, Karunasena, Warna and Islam, Mainul. 2009. "Flexural behaviour of composite sandwiches for structural applications." Oehlers, D. J., Griffith, M. C. and Seracino, R. (ed.) 9th International Symposium on Fibre Reinforced Polymers for Reinforced Concrete Structures (FRPRCS-9): Current Challenges and Future Trends. Sydney, Australia 13 - 15 Jul 2009 Adelaide, Australia.
Bid-Winning Potential Optimization for Concession Schemes with Imprecise Investment Parameters
Islam, Md. Mainul and Mohamed, Sherif. 2009. "Bid-Winning Potential Optimization for Concession Schemes with Imprecise Investment Parameters ." Journal of Construction Engineering and Management. 135 (8), pp. 690-700. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0000032
An overview on manufacturing and properties of syntactic foams made of ceramic hollow microspheres and starch
Islam, M. M. and Kim, H. S.. 2009. "An overview on manufacturing and properties of syntactic foams made of ceramic hollow microspheres and starch ." Aravinthan, Thiru, Karunasena, Warna and Wang, Hao (ed.) 20th Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials (ACMSM20). Toowoomba, Australia 02 - 05 Dec 2008 London, United Kingdom.
Properties and mechanical behaviour of novel sandwich composites made of syntactic foam and paper skin
Islam, Md Mainul and Kim, Ho Sung. 2007. "Properties and mechanical behaviour of novel sandwich composites made of syntactic foam and paper skin." Veidt, Martin, Albermani, Faris, Daniel, Bill, Griffiths, John, Hargreaves, Doug, McAree, Ross, Meehan, Paul and Tan, Andy (ed.) 5th Australasian Congress on Applied Mechanics (ACAM 2007). Brisbane, Australia 10 - 12 Dec 2007 Sydney, Australia.