Power effect of ultrasonically vibrated spacers in air gap membrane distillation: Theoretical and experimental investigations

Article

Al-Juboori, Raed A., Naji, Osamah, Bowtell, Les, Alpatova, Alla, Soukane, Sofiane and Ghaffour, Norreddine. 2021. "Power effect of ultrasonically vibrated spacers in air gap membrane distillation: Theoretical and experimental investigations." Separation and Purification Technology. 262, pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118319
Article Title

Power effect of ultrasonically vibrated spacers in air gap membrane distillation: Theoretical and experimental investigations

ERA Journal ID3928
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsAl-Juboori, Raed A. (Author), Naji, Osamah (Author), Bowtell, Les (Author), Alpatova, Alla (Author), Soukane, Sofiane (Author) and Ghaffour, Norreddine (Author)
Journal TitleSeparation and Purification Technology
Journal Citation262, pp. 1-12
Article Number118319
Number of Pages12
Year2021
PublisherElsevier
Place of PublicationUnited Kingdom
ISSN1383-5866
1873-3794
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118319
Web Address (URL)https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1383586621000216
Abstract

This study investigates the efficiency of low-power ultrasound in the range of 3.5–30.0 W to improve permeate flux and alleviate membrane fouling in an air–gap membrane distillation (AGMD) system. Natural groundwater and reverse osmosis (RO) reject water were fed into the AGMD system on which fouling experiments were conducted with hydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane. After 35 h of AGMD system operation with groundwater and RO reject water, fouling caused the permeate flux to decrease by 30% and 40% respectively. Concentration polarization, intermediate pore blocking, and cake filtration appear to be the main reasons for flux decline with both feedwater types. Ultrasound application for a short period of 15 min resulted in flux improvement by as high as 400% and 250% for RO reject and groundwater, respectively. Modelling of the heat and mass transfers showed that the flux increase was mainly due to membrane permeability improvements under ultrasonic vibration. Fouling visualisation using Scanning Electron Microscopy revealed that ultrasound effectively removed membrane fouling without compromising the membrane’s structure. Importantly, permeate flux improvements with targeted low-power ultrasound appears to be proportionally higher than those of high-power ultrasound applied to the whole system, on a flux improvement per ultrasound W/m2 basis.

KeywordsAGMD; Ultrasonically vibrated spacers; Fouling; Groundwater; RO reject
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020401102. Environmentally sustainable engineering
400907. Industrial electronics
Byline AffiliationsFaculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences
King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia
Institution of OriginUniversity of Southern Queensland
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