Autotrophic sulfide removal by mixed culture purple phototrophic bacteria

Article


Egger, Felix, Hulsen, Tim, Tait, Stephan and Batstone, Damien J.. 2020. "Autotrophic sulfide removal by mixed culture purple phototrophic bacteria." Water Research. 182, pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2020.115896
Article Title

Autotrophic sulfide removal by mixed culture purple phototrophic bacteria

ERA Journal ID4694
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsEgger, Felix (Author), Hulsen, Tim (Author), Tait, Stephan (Author) and Batstone, Damien J. (Author)
Journal TitleWater Research
Journal Citation182, pp. 1-15
Article Number115896
Number of Pages15
Year2020
Place of PublicationUnited Kingdom
ISSN0043-1354
1879-2448
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2020.115896
Web Address (URL)https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0043135420304334
Abstract

Current H2S treatment methods for sour gases require considerable amounts of chemicals and energy, or in case of biological treatment, unwanted diluents such as oxygen or nitrogen may be introduced. In order to reduce those requirements, the viability of an anaerobic biological H2S removal process using purple phototrophic bacteria (PPB) was investigated in this study. PPB can use sunlight, and centrate as nutrient source, thus potentially reducing energy and chemical requirements. An added benefit is the production of biomass with potential uses, such as single cell protein. An inoculum of PPB enriched from domestic wastewater was grown photoautotrophically with sulfide as the electron donor and inorganic carbon in a mixed culture. Additionally, synthetic medium and centrate as well as high (56 +/- 11 Wm(-2)) and low (27 +/- 3 Wm(-2)) IR irradiation were trialled. Finally, a process model was developed to study biomass specific removal rates and yield. The results showed that a mixed culture of PPB removed sulfide completely in synthetic media (121 9 mg-S.L-1) at a maximum rate of 1.79 0.16 mg-S(Lh)(-1) (low irradiance) and 2.9 mg-S(Lh)(-1) (high irradiance). The pH increased in both experiments from about 8.5 to 9. Sulfide removal rates using centrate and low irradiance were similar. However Fe and Mn were found to be limiting growth and sulfide removal. In all experiments, Chromatiaceae (purple sulfur bacteria) were most abundant at the end of the experiment, while at the start purple non-sulfur bacteria were most abundant (from the inoculum). Process modelling and experimental work identified the sulfide oxidation to be a multi-step process with accumulation of intermediates. Specific rates were directly dependent on light input, doubling at high irradiance. Sulfide oxidation was estimated at 0.100 +/- 0.014 h(-1) (0.085 0.012 g-S(g-VS.h)(-1)) at low irradiance, and the biomass yield at 0.86 0.05 mg-COD.mg-COD-1. This process model enables the virtual evaluation of autotrophic sulfide removal by PPB in a continuous scaled-up process. Overall, the photoautotrophic removal of sulfide seems to be a viable option, especially because of the possibility of using sunlight as an energy source and centrate as a nutrient source.

KeywordsPurple Phototrophic Bacteria; Biological sulfide removal; Biogas treatment; Allochromatium vinosum; Anaerobic process modelling
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020401106. Waste management, reduction, reuse and recycling
310602. Bioprocessing, bioproduction and bioproducts
Byline AffiliationsUniversity of Queensland
Centre for Agricultural Engineering
Institution of OriginUniversity of Southern Queensland
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