A qualitative study of the determinants of dieting and non-dieting approaches in overweight/obese Australian adults

Article

Leske, Stuart, Strodl, Esben and Hou, Xiang-Yu. 2012. "A qualitative study of the determinants of dieting and non-dieting approaches in overweight/obese Australian adults." BMC Public Health. 12 (1), pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-1086
Article Title

A qualitative study of the determinants of dieting and non-dieting approaches in overweight/obese Australian adults

ERA Journal ID13449
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsLeske, Stuart (Author), Strodl, Esben (Author) and Hou, Xiang-Yu (Author)
Journal TitleBMC Public Health
Journal Citation12 (1), pp. 1-13
Article Number1086
Number of Pages13
Year2012
PublisherBioMed Central Ltd.
Place of PublicationUnited Kingdom
ISSN1471-2458
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-1086
Web Address (URL)https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/1471-2458-12-1086.pdf
Abstract

Background
Dieting has historically been the main behavioural treatment paradigm for overweight/obesity, although a non-dieting paradigm has more recently emerged based on the criticisms of the original dieting approach. There is a dearth of research contrasting why these approaches are adopted. To address this, we conducted a qualitative investigation into the determinants of dieting and non-dieting approaches based on the perspectives and experiences of overweight/obese Australian adults.

Methods
Grounded theory was used inductively to generate a model of themes contrasting the determinants of dieting and non-dieting approaches based on the perspectives of 21 overweight/obese adults. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews to elicit in-depth individual experiences and perspectives.

Results
Several categories emerged which distinguished between the adoption of a dieting or non-dieting approach. These categories included the focus of each approach (weight/image or lifestyle/health behaviours); internal or external attributions about dieting failure; attitudes towards established diets, and personal autonomy. Personal autonomy was also influenced by another category; the perceived knowledge and self-efficacy about each approach, with adults more likely to choose an approach they knew more about and were confident in implementing. The time perspective of change (short or long-term) and the perceived identity of the person (fat/dieter or healthy person) also emerged as determinants of dieting or non-dieting approaches respectively.

Conclusions
The model of determinants elicited from this study assists in understanding why dieting and non-dieting approaches are adopted, from the perspectives and experiences of overweight/obese adults. Understanding this decision-making process can assist clinicians and public health researchers to design and tailor dieting and non-dieting interventions to population subgroups that have preferences and characteristics suitable for each approach.

Keywordsadults; diet; dieting; grounded theory; non-dieting; obesity; overweight; qualitative
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020420201. Behavioural epidemiology
Byline AffiliationsQueensland University of Technology
Institution of OriginUniversity of Southern Queensland
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