Probabilistic stability analyses of active shallow trapdoor in spatially random sand

Article

Lai, Fengwei, Nguyen, Tan, Shiau, Jim and Huang, Ming. 2025. "Probabilistic stability analyses of active shallow trapdoor in spatially random sand." Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics. 80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.probengmech.2025.103770

Article Title	Probabilistic stability analyses of active shallow trapdoor in spatially random sand
ERA Journal ID	841
Article Category	Article
Authors	Lai, Fengwei, Nguyen, Tan, Shiau, Jim and Huang, Ming
Journal Title	Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics
Journal Citation	80
Article Number	103770
Number of Pages	12
Year	2025
Publisher	Elsevier
Place of Publication	United Kingdom
ISSN	0266-8920
	1878-4275
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.probengmech.2025.103770
Web Address (URL)	https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0266892025000426
Abstract	Understanding the influence of spatial variability in soil friction angle on trapdoor stability remains crucial, particularly in commonly encountered shallow active trapdoor configurations within sandy deposits. This study presents a probabilistic stability assessment of shallow active trapdoors in spatially random sands, employing Random Adaptive Finite Element Limit Analysis (RAFELA) integrated with Monte Carlo simulations (MCs). The numerical solutions, expressed in terms of stability number, are validated through both deterministic and probabilistic analyses. A comprehensive parametric study examines the effects of cover depth, soil friction angle, and spatial variability parameters (including coefficient of variation and horizontal/vertical correlation lengths) on the probability of failure (PF) corresponding to selected factors of safety (FoS). The observed failure mechanisms reveal distinctively variable sliding surfaces, highlighting the nature of random field problems in geomechanics. The study culminates in the development of practical contour-based design charts for a quick assessment of PF in active shallow trapdoors embedded in spatially random sands. These research outcomes offer valuable guidance for engineers, facilitating informed decision-making during preliminary design of buried structures.
Keywords	Active trapdoor; Sand; Random field; Probabilistic analysis; Finite element limit analysis
Contains Sensitive Content	Does not contain sensitive content
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020	400502. Civil geotechnical engineering
Public Notes	Files associated with this item cannot be displayed due to copyright restrictions.
Byline Affiliations	Fuzhou University, China
	Ton Duc Thang University, Vietnam
	School of Engineering

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Shiau, Jim, Keawsawasvong, Suraparb and Banyong, Rungkhun. 2023. "Terzaghi’s Three Stability Factors for Pipeline Burst-Related Ground Stability." Journal of Pipeline Science and Engineering. 3 (4). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100128

Bidirectional load test in HoChiMinh City: a case history and lessons learned

Nguyen, Tan and Shiau, Jim. 2023. "Bidirectional load test in HoChiMinh City: a case history and lessons learned ." 4th International Conference on Transportation Infrastructure and Sustainable Development (TISDIC 2023). Danang, Vietnam 26 - 28 Aug 2023 United Kingdom . IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1289/1/012091

Trapdoor Stability of Drained Cohesive-Frictional Soils Using Terzaghi’s Superposition Method

Shiau, Jim, Banyong, Rungkhun, Keawsawasvong, Suraparb and Kamchoom, Viroon. 2023. "Trapdoor Stability of Drained Cohesive-Frictional Soils Using Terzaghi’s Superposition Method." Engineered Science. 22. https://doi.org/10.30919/es8d821

Probabilistic Stability Design Charts for Shallow Passive Trapdoors in Spatially Variable Clays

Shiau, Jim and Keawsawasvong, Suraparb. 2023. "Probabilistic Stability Design Charts for Shallow Passive Trapdoors in Spatially Variable Clays." International Journal of Geomechanics. 23 (6). https://doi.org/10.1061/IJGNAI.GMENG-7902

Data-driven Modeling for Stability Evaluation of Cylindrical Boreholes with Slurry in Anisotropic and Non-Homogeneous Clays

Kounlavong, Khamnoy, Shiau, Jim, Lai, Van Qui, Chauhan, Vinay Bhushan, Jamsawang, Pitthaya and Keawsawasvong, Suraparb. 2023. "Data-driven Modeling for Stability Evaluation of Cylindrical Boreholes with Slurry in Anisotropic and Non-Homogeneous Clays." Engineered Science. 24. https://doi.org/10.30919/es921

Unlined Length Effect on the Tunnel Face Stability and Collapse Mechanisms in c-ϕ Soils: A Numerical Study with Advanced Mesh Adaptive Strategies

Zheng, Xiangcou, Yang, Feng, Shiau, Jim, Lai, Fengwen and Dias, Daniel. 2023. "Unlined Length Effect on the Tunnel Face Stability and Collapse Mechanisms in c-ϕ Soils: A Numerical Study with Advanced Mesh Adaptive Strategies." Computers and Geotechnics. 161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2023.105576

Uplift resistance of caisson foundation in NGI-ADP soil using FEA and ANN

Lai, Van Qui, Tran, Minh Nhat, Shiau, Jim, Keawsawasvong, Suraparb, Le, Ba Vinh, Nguyen, Trung Kien and Le, Duc Quy. 2023. "Uplift resistance of caisson foundation in NGI-ADP soil using FEA and ANN." Advances in Engineering Software. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advengsoft.2023.103513

Coupling isogeometric analysis with deep learning for stability evaluation of rectangular tunnels

Nguyen-Minh, Toan, Bui-Ngoc, Tram, Shiau, Jim, Nguyen, Tan and Nguyen-Thoi, Trung. 2023. "Coupling isogeometric analysis with deep learning for stability evaluation of rectangular tunnels." Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology. 140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2023.105330

Revisiting Active and Passive Earth Pressure Problems using Three Stability Factors

Nguyen, Tan and Shiau, Jim. 2023. "Revisiting Active and Passive Earth Pressure Problems using Three Stability Factors." Computers and Geotechnics. 163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2023.105759

Automating the Process for Estimating Tunneling Induced Ground Stability and Settlement

Shiau, Jim, Sams, Mathew, Arvin, Mohammad Reza and Jongpradist, Pornkasem. 2023. "Automating the Process for Estimating Tunneling Induced Ground Stability and Settlement." Geosciences. 13 (3), pp. 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences13030081

Determination of Efficiency Factors for Closely Spaced Strip Footings on Cohesive-Frictional Soils

Noo-Iad, Dulpinit, Shiau, Jim, Chim-Oye, Weeraya, Jamsawang, Pitthaya and Keawsawasvong, Suraparb. 2023. "Determination of Efficiency Factors for Closely Spaced Strip Footings on Cohesive-Frictional Soils." Sustainability. 15 (3), pp. 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15032585

Effect of Depth-Dependent Shear Wave Velocity Profiles on Site Amplification

Eskandarinejad, Alireza, Shiau, Jim and Keawsawasvong, Suraparb. 2023. "Effect of Depth-Dependent Shear Wave Velocity Profiles on Site Amplification." Transportation Infrastructure Geotechnology. 10 (6), pp. 1255-1283. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40515-022-00267-x

Modelling soil stability in wide tunnels using FELA and multivariate adaptive regression splines analysis

Lai, Van Qui, Shiau, Jim, Promwichai, Thanachon, Limkatanyu, Suchart, Banyong, Rungkhun and Keawsawasvong, Suraparb. 2023. "Modelling soil stability in wide tunnels using FELA and multivariate adaptive regression splines analysis." Modeling Earth Systems and Environment. 9 (2), pp. 2993-3008. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40808-022-01595-0

A Semi-empirical Method for Studying Load-Settlement Behavior of Geocell-Reinforced Footings

Arvin, Mohammad Reza, Shiau Jim and Irannezhad Parizi, Maryam. 2023. "A Semi-empirical Method for Studying Load-Settlement Behavior of Geocell-Reinforced Footings." Geotechnical and Geological Engineering: an international journal. 41 (2), p. 1115–1135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-022-02326-z

Determination of Support Pressure for the Design of Square Box Culverts

Shiau Jim, Keawsawasvong, Suraparb and Yodsomjai, Wittawat. 2023. "Determination of Support Pressure for the Design of Square Box Culverts." International Journal of Geomechanics. 23 (1), pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0002620

Bearing capacity of conical footing on anisotropic and heterogeneous clays using FEA and ANN

Lai, Van Qui, Shiau Jim, Van, Chung Nguyen, Tran, Huynh Duc and Keawsawasvong, Suraparb. 2023. "Bearing capacity of conical footing on anisotropic and heterogeneous clays using FEA and ANN ." Marine Georesources and Geotechnology. 41 (9), pp. 1053-1070. https://doi.org/10.1080/1064119X.2022.2113485

Passive Earth Pressure in Narrow Cohesive-Frictional Backfills

Li, Chutian, Lai, Fengwen, Shiau, Jim, Keawsawasvong, Suraparb and Huang, Hanhui. 2023. "Passive Earth Pressure in Narrow Cohesive-Frictional Backfills." International Journal of Geomechanics. 23 (1), pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0002639

Physics-based and data-driven modeling for stability evaluation of buried structures in natural clays

Lai, Fengwen, Shiau, Jim, Keawsawasvong, Suraparb, Chen, Fuquan, Banyong, Rungkhun and Seehavong, Sorawit. 2023. "Physics-based and data-driven modeling for stability evaluation of buried structures in natural clays." Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering. 15 (5), pp. 1248-1262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2022.07.006

Undrained stability of pit-in-pit braced excavations under hydraulic uplift

Lai, Fengwen, Chen, Fuquan, Liu, Songyu, Keawsawasvong, Suraparb and Shiau, Jim. 2022. "Undrained stability of pit-in-pit braced excavations under hydraulic uplift." Underground Space. 7 (6), pp. 1139-1155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.undsp.2022.04.003

Multivariate adaptive regression splines analysis for 3D slope stability in anisotropic and heterogenous clay

Shiau, Jim, Lai, Van Qui and Keawsawasvong, Suraparb. 2023. "Multivariate adaptive regression splines analysis for 3D slope stability in anisotropic and heterogenous clay." Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering. 15 (4), pp. 1052-1064. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2022.05.016

Stability of Spherical Cavity in Hoek–Brown Rock Mass

Keawsawasvong, Suraparb and Shiau, Jim. 2022. "Stability of Spherical Cavity in Hoek–Brown Rock Mass." Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-022-02899-4

Lower Bound Finite Element Limit Analysis of Geo-Structures with Non-Associated Flow Rule

Payan, Meghdad, Fathipour, Hessam, Hosseini, Maryam, Chenari, Reza Jamshidi and Shiau, Jim S.. 2022. "Lower Bound Finite Element Limit Analysis of Geo-Structures with Non-Associated Flow Rule." Computers and Geotechnics. 147, pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2022.104803

Pipeline Burst–Related Soil Stability in Collapse Condition

Shiau, Jim, Mahalingasivam, Kiritharan, Chudal, Bishal and Keawsawasvong, Suraparb. 2022. "Pipeline Burst–Related Soil Stability in Collapse Condition." Journal of Pipeline Systems Engineering and Practice. 13 (3), pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)PS.1949-1204.0000657

Producing Undrained Stability Factors for Various Tunnel Shapes

Shiau, Jim and Keawsawasvong, Suraparb. 2022. "Producing Undrained Stability Factors for Various Tunnel Shapes." International Journal of Geomechanics. 22 (8), pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0002487

Determining Seismic Bearing Capacity of Footings Embedded in Cohesive Soil Slopes Using Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines

Lai, Van Qui, Lai, Fengwen, Yang, Dayu, Shiau, Jim, Yodsomjai, Wittawat and Keawsawasvong, Suraparb. 2022. "Determining Seismic Bearing Capacity of Footings Embedded in Cohesive Soil Slopes Using Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines." International Journal of Geosynthetics and Ground Engineering. 8, pp. 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40891-022-00390-2

Stability of Unlined Elliptical Tunnels in Rock Masses

Shiau, Jim, Keawsawasvong, Suraparb and Seehavong, Sorawit. 2022. "Stability of Unlined Elliptical Tunnels in Rock Masses." Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering. 55 (11), p. 7307–7330. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-022-02996-4

Bearing Capacity of Cylindrical Caissons in Cohesive‑Frictional Soils Using Axisymmetric Finite Element Limit Analysis

Keawsawasvong, Suraparb, Shiau, Jim and Yoonirundorn, Kittiphan. 2022. "Bearing Capacity of Cylindrical Caissons in Cohesive‑Frictional Soils Using Axisymmetric Finite Element Limit Analysis." Geotechnical and Geological Engineering: an international journal. 40, pp. 3929-3941. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-022-02129-2

Bearing Capacity of Ring Foundations on Anisotropic and Heterogenous Clays: FEA, NGI‑ADP, and MARS

Lai, Van Qui, Shiau, Jim, Keawsawasvong, Suraparb and Tran, Duy Tan. 2022. "Bearing Capacity of Ring Foundations on Anisotropic and Heterogenous Clays: FEA, NGI‑ADP, and MARS." Geotechnical and Geological Engineering: an international journal. 40 (7), pp. 3913-3928. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-022-02117-6

Effect of loading eccentricity on the ultimate lateral resistance of twin-piles in clay

Zhao, Zihao, Zhang, Hao, Ke, Lijun, Zhao, Guoqing, Meng, Suyun, Wu, Fengyuan and Shiau, Jim. 2022. "Effect of loading eccentricity on the ultimate lateral resistance of twin-piles in clay." Soils and Foundations. 62 (2), pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sandf.2022.101126

Three-dimensional sinkhole stability of spherical cavity

Shiau, Jim, Chudal, Bishal and Keawsawasvong, Suraparb. 2022. "Three-dimensional sinkhole stability of spherical cavity." Acta Geotechnica. 17, pp. 3947-3958. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-022-01522-8

Stability factors Fc, Fs, and Fγ for twin tunnels in three dimensions

Shiau, Jim and Al-Asadi, Fadhil. 2022. "Stability factors Fc, Fs, and Fγ for twin tunnels in three dimensions." International Journal of Geomechanics. 22 (3), pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0002264

On the use of both diaphragm and secant pile walls for a basement upgrade project in Vietnam

Huynh, Quoc Thien, Lai, Van Qui, Shiau, Jim, Keawsawasvong, Suraparb, Mase, Lindung Zalbuin and Tra, Huu Thoi. 2022. "On the use of both diaphragm and secant pile walls for a basement upgrade project in Vietnam." Innovative Infrastructure Solutions. 7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41062-021-00625-7

Stability Charts for Closely Spaced Strip Footings on Hoek–Brown Rock Mass

Keawsawasvong, Suraparb, Shiau, Jim, Limpanawannakul, Khemmapa and Panomchaivath, Suttikarn. 2022. "Stability Charts for Closely Spaced Strip Footings on Hoek–Brown Rock Mass." Geotechnical and Geological Engineering: an international journal. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-022-02077-x

Three-Dimensional Stability Investigation of Trapdoors in Collapse and Blowout Conditions

Shiau, Jim, Keawsawasvong, Suraparb and Lee, Ji-Sung. 2022. "Three-Dimensional Stability Investigation of Trapdoors in Collapse and Blowout Conditions." International Journal of Geomechanics. 22 (4), pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0002339

Analysis of Shaft‑Grouted Piles Using Load‑Transfer Method

Lai, Van Qui, Keawsawasvong, Suraparb and Shiau, Jim. 2022. "Analysis of Shaft‑Grouted Piles Using Load‑Transfer Method." International Journal of Geosynthetics and Ground Engineering. 8 (1), pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40891-022-00351-9

Undrained Stability of Unsupported Rectangular Excavations: Anisotropy and Non-Homogeneity in 3D

Lai, Van Qui, Shiau Jim, Keawsawasvong, Suraparb, Seehavong, Sorawit and Cabangon, Lowell Tan. 2022. "Undrained Stability of Unsupported Rectangular Excavations: Anisotropy and Non-Homogeneity in 3D." Buildings. 12 (9), pp. 1-20. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12091425

Design Equations for Predicting Stability of Unlined Horseshoe Tunnels in Rock Masses

Lawongkerd, Jintara, Shiau Jim, Keawsawasvong, Suraparb, Seehavong, Sorawit and Jamsawang, Pitthaya. 2022. "Design Equations for Predicting Stability of Unlined Horseshoe Tunnels in Rock Masses ." Buildings. 12 (11), pp. 1-25. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12111800

Predicting Lateral Resistance of Piles in Cohesive Soils

Chaonoi, Wiphu, Shiau Jim, Ngamkhanong, Chayut, Thongchom, Chanachai, Jamsawang, Pitthaya and Keawsawasvong, Suraparb. 2022. "Predicting Lateral Resistance of Piles in Cohesive Soils." Sustainability. 14 (19). https://doi.org/10.3390/su141912940

Numerical investigation of 2D trapdoor stability

Shiau, Jim and Mirza Hassan, Mohammad. 2017. "Numerical investigation of 2D trapdoor stability." Hossain, Zakaria and Shiau, Jim (ed.) Third International Conference on Science, Engineering and Environment (SEE-2017). Springfield, Australia 13 - 16 Nov 2017 Tsu City, Mie, Japan.

The effect of model domain size for unsupported plain strain tunnel headings in undrained clay

Shiau, Jim and Al-Asadi, Fadhil. 2017. "The effect of model domain size for unsupported plain strain tunnel headings in undrained clay." Hossain, Zakaria and Shiau, Jim (ed.) Third International Conference on Science, Engineering and Environment (SEE-2017). Springfield, Australia 13 - 16 Nov 2017 Tsu City, Mie, Japan.

Undrained Stability of Ring Foundations: Axisymmetry, Anisotropy, and Nonhomogeneity

Keawsawasvong, Suraparb, Shiau, Jim, Ngamkhanong, Chayut, Lai, Van Qui and Thongchom, Chanachai. 2022. "Undrained Stability of Ring Foundations: Axisymmetry, Anisotropy, and Nonhomogeneity." International Journal of Geomechanics. 22 (1), pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0002229

Improvement of bearing capacity of footings using reinforced granular trench

Bhattacharya, Paramita, Shiau, Jim and Barole, Sudarshan. 2021. "Improvement of bearing capacity of footings using reinforced granular trench." International Journal of Geosynthetics and Ground Engineering. 7, pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40891-021-00324-4

Instability of boreholes with slurry

Keawsawasvong, Suraparb and Shiau, Jim. 2021. "Instability of boreholes with slurry." International Journal of Geosynthetics and Ground Engineering. 7, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40891-021-00326-2

Sinkhole stability in elliptical cavity under collapse and blowout conditions

Shiau, Jim, Keawsawasvong, Suraparb, Chudal, Bishal, Mahalingasivam, Kiritharan and Seehavong, Sorawit. 2021. "Sinkhole stability in elliptical cavity under collapse and blowout conditions." Geosciences. 11, pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11100421

Revisiting Circular Tunnel Stability Using Broms and Bennermarks’ Original Stability Number

Shiau, Jim and Al-Asadi, Fadhil. 2021. "Revisiting Circular Tunnel Stability Using Broms and Bennermarks’ Original Stability Number." International Journal of Geomechanics. 21 (5), pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0001996

Stability of active trapdoors in axisymmetry

Keawsawasvong, Suraparb and Shiau, Jim. 2022. "Stability of active trapdoors in axisymmetry." Underground Space. 7 (1), pp. 50-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.undsp.2021.05.001

Stability chart for unsupported square tunnels in homogeneous undrained clay

Shiau, Jim, Mirza Hassan, Mohammad and Hossain, Zakaria. 2018. "Stability chart for unsupported square tunnels in homogeneous undrained clay." International Journal of GEOMATE. 15 (48), pp. 195-201. https://doi.org/10.21660/2018.48.74149

Pipeline burst-related ground stability in blowout condition

Shiau, Jim, Chudal, Bishal, Mahalingasivam, Kiritharan and Keawsawasvong, Suraparb. 2021. "Pipeline burst-related ground stability in blowout condition." Transportation Geotechnics. 29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trgeo.2021.100587

Three-Dimensional Circular Trapdoor Stability

Shiau, Jim, Keawsawasvong, Suraparb, Lee, Ji-Sung and Mirza Hassan, Mohammad. 2022. "Three-Dimensional Circular Trapdoor Stability." Transportation Infrastructure Geotechnology. 9 (2), pp. 173-184. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40515-021-00166-7

Numerical modelling of three-dimensional sinkhole stability using finite different method

Shiau, Jim and Mirza Hassan, Mohammad. 2021. "Numerical modelling of three-dimensional sinkhole stability using finite different method." Innovative Infrastructure Solutions. 6 (4). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41062-021-00559-0

Numerical Investigation of Undrained Trapdoors in Three Dimensions

Shiau, Jim and Mirza Hassan, Mohammad. 2021. "Numerical Investigation of Undrained Trapdoors in Three Dimensions." International Journal of Geosynthetics and Ground Engineering. 7 (2), pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40891-021-00283-w

Three-dimensional stability analysis of active and passive trapdoors

Shiau, Jim, Lee, Ji-Sung and Al-Asadi, Fadhil. 2021. "Three-dimensional stability analysis of active and passive trapdoors." Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology. 107, pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2020.103635

Stability analysis of twin circular tunnels using shear strength reduction method

Shiau, J. and Al-Asadi, F.. 2020. "Stability analysis of twin circular tunnels using shear strength reduction method." Geotechnique Letters. 10 (2), pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1680/jgele.19.00003

Shear strength of soil by using clam shell waste as recycle aggregate

Rachmawati, Siti Hanggita, Hossain, Zakaria and Shiau, Jim. 2020. "Shear strength of soil by using clam shell waste as recycle aggregate." Journal of Agricultural Engineering . 51 (3), pp. 155-160. https://doi.org/10.4081/jae.2020.1043

Twin Tunnels Stability Factors Fc, Fs and Fγ

Shiau, Jim and Al-Asadi, Fadhil. 2021. "Twin Tunnels Stability Factors Fc, Fs and Fγ." Geotechnical and Geological Engineering: an international journal. 39 (1), pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-020-01495-z

Three-dimensional analysis of circular tunnel headings using Broms and Bennermarks’ original stability number

Shiau, Jim and Al-Asadi, Fadhil. 2020. "Three-dimensional analysis of circular tunnel headings using Broms and Bennermarks’ original stability number." International Journal of Geomechanics. 20 (7). https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0001734

Two-dimensional tunnel heading stability factors Fc, Fs and Fγ

Shiau, Jim and Al-Asadi, Fadhil. 2020. "Two-dimensional tunnel heading stability factors Fc, Fs and Fγ." Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology. 97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2020.103293

Three-dimensional heading stability of twin circular tunnels

Shiau, Jim and Al-Asadi, Fadhil. 2020. "Three-dimensional heading stability of twin circular tunnels." Geotechnical and Geological Engineering: an international journal. 38 (3), pp. 2973-2988. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-020-01201-z

Determination of critical tunnel heading pressures using stability factors

Shiau, Jim and Al-Asadi, Fadhil. 2020. "Determination of critical tunnel heading pressures using stability factors." Computers and Geotechnics. 119, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2019.103345

Undrained stability of active and passive trapdoors

Shiau, Jim and Mirza Hassan, Mohammad. 2020. "Undrained stability of active and passive trapdoors." Geotechnical Research. 7 (1), pp. 40-48. https://doi.org/10.1680/jgere.19.00033

Pull-out resistance of single piles and parametric study using the Finite Difference Method (FDM)

Owino, Alex Otieno, Hossain, Zakaria and Shiau, Jim. 2018. "Pull-out resistance of single piles and parametric study using the Finite Difference Method (FDM)." American Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture. 6 (5), pp. 193-198. https://doi.org/10.12691/ajcea-6-5-4

Ground improvement using waste shell for farm roads and embankments

Rachmawati, Siti Hanggita, Hossain, Zakaria and Shiau, Jim. 2018. "Ground improvement using waste shell for farm roads and embankments." Journal of Agricultural Engineering . 49 (1), pp. 29-33. https://doi.org/10.4081/jae.2018.731

Agriculture land development using shell husk as recycle aggregate

Rachmawati, Siti Hanggita, Hossain, Zakaria and Shiau, Jim. 2018. "Agriculture land development using shell husk as recycle aggregate." Agricultural Engineering International: Cigr Journal. 20 (3), pp. 45-51.

Parametric study on the response of composite single piles to lateral load by numerical simulation (FDM)

Owino, Alex Otieno, Hossain, Zakaria and Shiau, Jim. 2018. "Parametric study on the response of composite single piles to lateral load by numerical simulation (FDM)." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science. 3 (10), pp. 16-20. https://doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2018.3.10.899

Streamlining information transfer between construction and structural engineering

Shiau, Jim. 2018. "Streamlining information transfer between construction and structural engineering." Shiau, Jim, Vimonsatit, Vanissorn, Yazdani, Siamak and Singh, Amarjit (ed.) 4th Australasia and South-East Asia Structural Engineering and Construction Conference. Brisbane, Australia 03 - 05 Dec 2018 United States.

Revisiting Broms and Bennermarks’ original stability number for tunnel headings

Shiau, Jim and Al-Asadi, Fadhil. 2018. "Revisiting Broms and Bennermarks’ original stability number for tunnel headings." Geotechnique Letters. 8 (4), pp. 310-315. https://doi.org/10.1680/jgele.18.00145

Relating volume loss and greenfield settlement

Shiau, Jim and Sams, Mathew. 2019. "Relating volume loss and greenfield settlement." Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology. 83, pp. 145-152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2018.09.041

A revisit to Nicoll Highway excavation in Singapore

Hama Salih, Samal, Mirza Hassan, Mohammad, Shiau, Jim and Hossain, Zakaria. 2018. "A revisit to Nicoll Highway excavation in Singapore." International Journal of GEOMATE. 14 (42), pp. 90-96. https://doi.org/10.21660/2018.42.81117

Numerical simulation of staged braced excavation in sand ~ O6 MRT station

Hama Salih, Samal, Mirza Hassan, Mohammad, Shiau, Jim and Hossain, Zakaria. 2018. "Numerical simulation of staged braced excavation in sand ~ O6 MRT station." International Journal of GEOMATE. 14 (43), pp. 104-111. https://doi.org/10.21660/2018.43.291117

Stability charts for unsupported plane strain tunnel headings in homogeneous undrained clay

Shiau, Jim, Sams, Mathew, Al-Asadi, Fadhil and Mirza Hassan, Mohammad. 2018. "Stability charts for unsupported plane strain tunnel headings in homogeneous undrained clay." International Journal of GEOMATE. 14 (41), pp. 19-26. https://doi.org/10.21660/2018.41.29138

Estimation of tunneling induced ground settlement using pressure relaxation method

Shiau, Jim and Sams, Mathew. 2017. "Estimation of tunneling induced ground settlement using pressure relaxation method." International Journal of GEOMATE. 13 (39), pp. 132-139. https://doi.org/10.21660/2017.39.85076

Stability charts for unsupported circular tunnels in cohesive soils

Shiau, Jim, Lamb, Brian, Sams, Mathew and Lobwein, Jay. 2017. "Stability charts for unsupported circular tunnels in cohesive soils." International Journal of GEOMATE. 13 (39), pp. 95-102. https://doi.org/10.21660/2017.39.47674

Oil contaminated sand: an emerging and sustainable construction material

Abousnina, Rajab M., Manalo, Allan, Lokuge, Weena and Shiau, Jim. 2015. "Oil contaminated sand: an emerging and sustainable construction material." 2015 International Conference on Sustainable Design, Engineering and Construction. Chicago, United States 10 - 13 May 2015 Netherlands. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2015.08.453

Stability design charts for unsupported wide rectangular tunnels

Shiau, Jim, Sams, Mathew and Chen, Jing. 2016. "Stability design charts for unsupported wide rectangular tunnels." Electronic Journal of Geotechnical Engineering. 21 (01), pp. 139-150.

Developing a project based learning assignment for geotechnical engineering

Shiau, Jim, Buttling, Stephen and Sams, Mathew. 2015. "Developing a project based learning assignment for geotechnical engineering." Electronic Journal of Geotechnical Engineering. 20 (18), pp. 10113-10121.

Stability charts for a tall tunnel in undrained clay

Shiau, Jim, Sams, Mathew and Chen, Jing. 2016. "Stability charts for a tall tunnel in undrained clay." International Journal of GEOMATE. 10 (20), pp. 1764-1769.

The use of sinkhole models in advanced geotechnical engineering teaching

Shiau, Jim, Lamb, Brian and Sams, Mathew. 2016. "The use of sinkhole models in advanced geotechnical engineering teaching." International Journal of GEOMATE. 10 (20), pp. 1718-1724.

Introducing advanced topics in geotechnical engineering teaching - tunnel modelling

Shiau, Jim, Sams, Mathew and Lamb, Brian. 2016. "Introducing advanced topics in geotechnical engineering teaching - tunnel modelling." International Journal of GEOMATE. 10 (19), pp. 1698-1705.

Physical modelling and PIV analyses of an underground tunnel heading

Shiau, J. S., Sams, M. S. and Kemp, R. J.. 2014. "Physical modelling and PIV analyses of an underground tunnel heading." Yoo, Chungsik, Park, Seong-Wan, Kim, Bumjoo and Ban, Hoki (ed.) 8th International Symposium on Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground (TC204 ISSMGE IS-SEOUL 2014). Seoul, Korea 25 - 27 Aug 2014 Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1201/b17240-12

Settlement analyses of underground circular tunneling in soft clay

Shiau, J. S., Sams, M. S., Zhang, J. and Kemp, R. J.. 2014. "Settlement analyses of underground circular tunneling in soft clay." Yoo, Chungsik, Park, Seong-Wan, Kim, Bumjoo and Ban, Hoki (ed.) 8th International Symposium on Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground (TC204 ISSMGE IS-SEOUL 2014). Seoul, Korea 25 - 27 Aug 2014 Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1201/b17240-63

Contaminated soil/groundwater remediation using Permeable Reactive Barrier (PRB) techniques

Craig, Ian, Shiau, Jim and Erdei, Laszlo. 2012. "Contaminated soil/groundwater remediation using Permeable Reactive Barrier (PRB) techniques." 2012 Southern Regional Engineering Conference (SREC 2012). Toowoomba, Australia 01 Sep 2012 Canberra, Australia.

An overview on oil contaminated sand and its engineering applications

Abousnina, Rajab M., Manalo, Allan, Shiau, Jim and Lokuge, Weena. 2016. "An overview on oil contaminated sand and its engineering applications." International Journal of GEOMATE. 10 (19), pp. 1615-1622.

Effect of light hydrocarbons contamination on shear strength of fine sand

Abousnina, Rajab M., Shiau, Jim, Manalo, Allan and Lokuge, Weena. 2014. "Effect of light hydrocarbons contamination on shear strength of fine sand." Hossain, Zakaria and Shiau, Jim (ed.) 4th International Conference on Geotechnique, Construction Materials and Environment (GEOMATE 2014). Brisbane, Australia 19 - 21 Nov 2014 Mie, Japan.

Effects of light crude oil contamination on the physical and mechanical properties of fine sand

Abousnina, Rajab M., Manalo, Allan, Shiau, Jim and Lokuge, Weena. 2015. "Effects of light crude oil contamination on the physical and mechanical properties of fine sand." Soil and Sediment Contamination: an international journal. 24 (8), pp. 833-845. https://doi.org/10.1080/15320383.2015.1058338

Effect of surface traction on the shakedown limits under moving surface loads

Shiau, Jim. 2007. "Effect of surface traction on the shakedown limits under moving surface loads." Choi, Chang-Koon (ed.) Computational Methods in Engineering & Science: Proceedings of Enhancement and Promotion of Computational Methods in Engineering and Science X, Aug. 21–23, 2006, Sanya, China. Springer. pp. 192-201

Shakedown analysis of layered continuum

Shiau, Jim. 2013. "Shakedown analysis of layered continuum." Vimonsatit, Vanissorn, Singh, Amarjit and Yazdani, Siamak (ed.) 1st Australasia and South East Asia Conference in Structural Engineering and Construction (ASEA-SEC-1). Perth, Australia 28 Nov - 02 Dec 2012 Singapore. https://doi.org/10.3850/978-981-08-7920-4_St-100-0307

Developing numerical models for the design of cantilever sheet pile wall

Shiau, Jim and Smith, Catherine. 2013. "Developing numerical models for the design of cantilever sheet pile wall." Vimonsatit, Vanissorn, Singh, Amarjit and Yazdani, Siamak (ed.) 1st Australasia and South East Asia Conference in Structural Engineering and Construction (ASEA-SEC-1). Perth, Australia 28 Nov - 02 Dec 2012 Singapore.

A shakedown limit under Hertz contact pressure

Shiau, Jim S.. 2011. "A shakedown limit under Hertz contact pressure." Advanced Materials Research. 291-294, pp. 1506-1510. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.291-294.1506

Undrained stability of footings on slopes

Shiau, J. S., Merifield, R. S., Lyamin, A. V. and Sloan, S. W.. 2011. "Undrained stability of footings on slopes." International Journal of Geomechanics. 11 (5), pp. 381-390. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0000092

Teaching earth pressure theory using physical models: an example in civil engineering

Shiau, Jim S. and Hobson, Michael A.. 2011. "Teaching earth pressure theory using physical models: an example in civil engineering." Patil, Arun and Sid Nair, Chenicheri (ed.) 1st International Engineering and Technology Education Conference (IETEC 2011): Enhancing 21st Century Skills for Global Engineers and Technology Professionals. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 16 - 19 Jan 2011 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

A study on the failure mechanisms of horizontal plate anchors in clay

Shiau, Jim and Al Abri, Mohammed. 2011. "A study on the failure mechanisms of horizontal plate anchors in clay." Shahin, M. and Nikraz, H. (ed.) ICAGE 2011: International Conference on Advances in Geotechnical Engineering. Perth, Australia 07 - 09 Nov 2011 Perth, Australia.

Modeling uplift of plate anchor

Shiau, J. S. and Hobson, M. A.. 2011. "Modeling uplift of plate anchor." Sainsbury, David, Hart, Roger, Detournay, Christine and Nelson, Michele (ed.) Continuum and Distinct Element Numerical Modeling in Geomechanics (2011). Melbourne, Australia 14 - 16 Feb 2011 Minneapolis, MN. USA.

Calculation of lateral earth pressures with layered backfill

Shiau, J. S. and Smith, C. A.. 2011. "Calculation of lateral earth pressures with layered backfill." Sainsbury, David, Hart, Roger, Detournay, Christine and Nelson, Michele (ed.) Continuum and Distinct Element Numerical Modeling in Geomechanics (2011). Melbourne, Australia 14 - 16 Feb 2011 Minneapolis, MN, USA.

Finite element limit analysis of passive earth resistance in cohesionless soils

Shiau, Jim S., Augarde, Charles E., Lyamin, Andrei V. and Sloan, Scott W.. 2008. "Finite element limit analysis of passive earth resistance in cohesionless soils." Soils and Foundations. 48 (6), pp. 843-850.

3D bearing capacity of shallow foundations located near deep excavation sites

Shiau, J. S. and Watson, J. F.. 2008. "3D bearing capacity of shallow foundations located near deep excavation sites." Ng, Kee Nam (ed.) 2008 International Conference on Deep Excavation: Challenges Risk Management of Underground Construction (ICDE 2008). Singapore 10 - 12 Nov 2008 Singapore.

Foundation located near slope: a FLAC study

Shiau, Jim S., Watson, Joshua F. and Smith, C. A.. 2008. "Foundation located near slope: a FLAC study." Detournay, Christine and Hart, Roger (ed.) 1st International FLAC/DEM Symposium on Numerical Modeling. Minneapolis, United States of America 25 - 27 Aug 2008 Minneapolis, USA.

A FLAC model for classical earth pressure problems

Shiau, Jim S., Thomas, Caroline J. and Smith, Catherine A.. 2008. "A FLAC model for classical earth pressure problems." Detournay, Christine, Hart, Roger and Cundall, Peter (ed.) 1st International FLAC/DEM Symposium on Numerical Modeling. Minneapolis, United States of America 25 - 27 Aug 2008 Minneapolis. USA..

Numerical study of a shallow foundation located near 45 degree slopes

Shiau, Jim S., Watson, Joshua Francis and Arnold, Matthew David. 2008. "Numerical study of a shallow foundation located near 45 degree slopes." Choi, Chang-Koon (ed.) ASEM 2008: 4th International Conference on Advances in Structural Engineering and Mechanics. Jeju, Korea 26 - 28 May 2008 Jeju, Korea.

Modelling the arching effect in active earth pressure problems

Thomas, Caroline and Shiau, Jim S.. 2007. "Modelling the arching effect in active earth pressure problems." Ameratunga, Jay, Taylor, Brett C. and Patten, Matthew (ed.) 10th Australia New Zealand Conference on Geomechanics. Brisbane, Australia 21 - 24 Oct 2007 Brisbane, Australia.

Bearing capacity of footings near slopes

Smith, Catherine and Shiau, Jim S.. 2007. "Bearing capacity of footings near slopes." Ameratunga, Jay, Taylor, Brett C. and Patten, Matthew (ed.) 10th Australia New Zealand Conference on Geomechanics. Brisbane, Australia 21 - 24 Oct 2007 Brisbane, Australia.

Numerical investigation of shakedown residual stresses under moving surface loads

Shiau, Jim S.. 2006. "Numerical investigation of shakedown residual stresses under moving surface loads." Soares, Carlos Mota (ed.) 3rd European Conference on Computational Mechanics (ECCM 2006). Lisbon, Portugal 05 - 08 Jun 2006 Netherlands.

Application of pseudo-static limit analysis in geotechnical earthquake design

Shiau, Jim S., Lyamin, Andrei V. and Sloan, Scott W.. 2006. "Application of pseudo-static limit analysis in geotechnical earthquake design." Schweiger, Helmut F. (ed.) 6th European Conference on Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering. Graz, Austria 06 - 08 Sep 2006 London, United Kingdom.

Numerical analysis of passive earth pressures with interfaces

Shiau, Jim and Smith, Catherine. 2006. "Numerical analysis of passive earth pressures with interfaces." Soares, Carlos Mota (ed.) 3rd European Conference on Computational Mechanics (ECCM 2006). Lisbon, Portugal 05 - 08 Jun 2006 Netherlands.

Developing a track model for testing the road pavement under repeated moving surface loads

Shiau, Jim S., Perumal, Tagarajan, Benjamin, Michael, Pather, Selvan and Ayers, Ron. 2006. "Developing a track model for testing the road pavement under repeated moving surface loads." 22nd ARRB Conference: Research Into Practice. Canberra, Australia 29 Oct - 02 Nov 2006 Canberra, Australia.

Developing physical models for geotechnical teaching and research

Shiau, Jim S., Pather, Selvan and Ayers, Ron. 2006. "Developing physical models for geotechnical teaching and research." Ng, C. W. W., Zhang, L. M. and Wang, Y. H. (ed.) 6th International Conference on Physical Modelling in Geotechnics. Hong Kong, China 04 - 06 Aug 2006 Hong Kong.

Bearing capacity of a sand layer on clay by finite element limit analysis

Shiau, J. S., Lyamin, A. V. and Sloan, S. W.. 2003. "Bearing capacity of a sand layer on clay by finite element limit analysis." Canadian Geotechnical Journal. 40 (5), pp. 900-915. https://doi.org/10.1139/t03-042