An Experimental and Numerical Investigation into the Durability of Fibre/Polymer Composites with Synthetic and Natural Fibres

Article

Alajmi, Abdalrahman, Abousnina, Rajab, Shalwan, Abdullah, Alajmi, Sultan, Alipour, Golnaz, Tafsirojjaman, Tafsirojjaman and Will, Geoffrey. 2022. "An Experimental and Numerical Investigation into the Durability of Fibre/Polymer Composites with Synthetic and Natural Fibres." Polymers. 14 (10), pp. 1-23. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14102024

Article Title	An Experimental and Numerical Investigation into the Durability of Fibre/Polymer Composites with Synthetic and Natural Fibres
ERA Journal ID	201391
Article Category	Article
Authors	Alajmi, Abdalrahman, Abousnina, Rajab, Shalwan, Abdullah, Alajmi, Sultan, Alipour, Golnaz, Tafsirojjaman, Tafsirojjaman and Will, Geoffrey
Journal Title	Polymers
Journal Citation	14 (10), pp. 1-23
Article Number	2024
Number of Pages	23
Year	2022
Publisher	MDPI AG
Place of Publication	Switzerland
ISSN	2073-4360
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)	https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14102024
Web Address (URL)	https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/10/2024
Abstract	Progress in engineering research has shifted the interest from traditional monolithic materials to modern materials such as fibre reinforced composites (FRC). This paradigm shift can be attributed to the unique mechanical characteristics of FRCs such as high strength to weight ratio, good flexural strength, and fracture toughness. At present, synthetic composites dominate the auto-motive, aerospace, sporting, and construction industries despite serious drawbacks such as costly raw materials, high manufacturing costs, non-recyclability, toxicity, and non-biodegradability. To address these issues, naturally occurring plant fibres (such as jute, hemp, sisal) are being increasingly researched as potential reinforcements for biodegradable or non-biodegradable polymer matrices to produce environmentally friendly composites. In this study, sisal fibres were selected owing to their low production costs, sustainability, recyclability, and biodegradability. The hydrothermal ageing and mechanical characteristics of sisal fibre-reinforced epoxy (SFRE) composites were determined and compared with glass fibre-reinforced epoxy (GFRE) synthetic composites. Moreover, a first-of-its-kind numerical model have been developed to study the hydrothermal ageing and mechanical characteristics of SFRE, along with GFRE, using ANSYS software. Moreover, microstructural analysis of flexural tested GFRE and SFRE samples were carried out to identify the microstructural properties of the composites. Both experimental and numerical results exhibited an influence of short-or long-term hydrothermal treatment on the flexural properties of glass and sisal fibre-based composites. In the case of GFRE, the moisture uptake and fibre-matrix de-bonding existed, but it is less severe as compared to the SFRE composites. It was found that the dosage of sisal fibres largely determines the ultimate mechanical performance of the composite. Nonetheless, the experimental and numerical flexural strengths of SFRE were comparable to GFRE composites. This exhibited that the SFRE composites possess the potentiality as a sustainable material for advanced applications.
Keywords	biodegradation; composites; durability; hydrothermal ageing; natural fibres; synthetic fibres
Funder	Kuwait Foundation for the Advancement of Sciences
Byline Affiliations	Queensland University of Technology
	Ministry of Electricity Water and Renewable Energy, Kuwait
	Macquarie University
	Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, Kuwait
	Centre for Future Materials (Operations)

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Mohammed, Ali A., Manalo, Allan, Ferdous, Wahid, Abousnina, Rajab, Alajarmeh, Omar, Vijay, P.V. and Benmokrane, Brahim. 2021. "Design considerations for prefabricated composite jackets for structural repair: Parametric investigation and case study." Composite Structures. 261, pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.113288

Tribological investigation of frictional behaviour of mild steel under canola bio-lubricant conditions

Shalwan, A., Yousif, B. F., Alajmi, F. H., Alrashdana, K. R. and Alajmi, M.. 2020. "Tribological investigation of frictional behaviour of mild steel under canola bio-lubricant conditions." Tribology in Industry. 42 (3), pp. 481-493. https://doi.org/10.24874/ti.895.05.20.09

Behavior of circular concrete columns reinforced with hollow composite sections and GFRP bars

Alajarmeh, Omar, Manalo, Allan, Benmokrane, Brahim, Ferdous, Wahid, Mohammed, Ali, Abousnina, Rajab, Elchalakani, Mohamed and Edoo, Azam. 2020. "Behavior of circular concrete columns reinforced with hollow composite sections and GFRP bars." Marine Structures. 72, pp. 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2020.102785

Experimental investigation on effects of calcined bentonite on fresh, strength and durability properties of sustainable self-compacting concrete

El-Abidine Laidani, Zine, Benabed, Benchaa, Abousnina, Rajab, Gueddouda, M. Kamal and Kadri, El-Hadj. 2020. "Experimental investigation on effects of calcined bentonite on fresh, strength and durability properties of sustainable self-compacting concrete." Construction and Building Materials. 230, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117062

Potential pozzolanicity of Algerian calcined bentonite used as cement replacement: optimisation of calcination temperature and effect on strength of self-compacting mortars

El-Abidine Laidani, Zine, Benabed, Benchaa, Abousnina, Rajab, Gueddouda, M. Kamal and Khatib, M. Jamal. 2022. "Potential pozzolanicity of Algerian calcined bentonite used as cement replacement: optimisation of calcination temperature and effect on strength of self-compacting mortars." European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering. 26 (4), pp. 1379-1401. https://doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2020.1713898

Effect of using metakaolin as supplementary cementitious material and recycled CRT funnel glass as fine aggregate on the durability of green self-compacting concrete

Ouldkhaoua, Younes, Benabed, Benchaa, Abousnina, Rajab, Kadri, El-Hadj and Khatib, Jamal. 2020. "Effect of using metakaolin as supplementary cementitious material and recycled CRT funnel glass as fine aggregate on the durability of green self-compacting concrete." Construction and Building Materials. 235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117802

Experimental study on the reuse of cathode ray tubes funnel glass as fine aggregate for developing an ecological self-compacting mortar incorporating metakaolin

Ouldkhaoua, Younes, Benabed, Benchaa, Abousnina, Rajab and Kadri, El-Hadj. 2020. "Experimental study on the reuse of cathode ray tubes funnel glass as fine aggregate for developing an ecological self-compacting mortar incorporating metakaolin." Journal of Building Engineering. 27, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2019.100951

Antiviral Nanostructured Surfaces Reduce the Viability of SARS-CoV-2

Hasan, Jafar, Pyke, Alyssa, Nair, Neelima, Yarlagadda, Tejasri, Will, Geoffrey, Spann, Kirsten and Yarlagadda, Prasad K.D.V.. 2020. "Antiviral Nanostructured Surfaces Reduce the Viability of SARS-CoV-2 ." ACS Biomaterials Science and Engineering. 6 (9), pp. 4858-4861. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01091

Optimal design for epoxy polymer concrete based on mechanical properties and durability aspects

Ferdous, Wahid, Manalo, Allan, Wong, Hong S., Abousnina, Rajab, Alajarmeh, Omar S., Zhuge, Yan and Schubel, Peter. 2020. "Optimal design for epoxy polymer concrete based on mechanical properties and durability aspects." Construction and Building Materials. 232, pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117229

Behaviour of geopolymer concrete filled pultruded GFRP short columns

Lokuge, Weena, Abousnina, Rajab and Herath, Nilupa. 2019. "Behaviour of geopolymer concrete filled pultruded GFRP short columns." Journal of Composite Materials. 53 (18), pp. 2555-2567. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998319833447

Properties and structural behavior of concrete containing fine sand contaminated with light crude oil

Abousnina, Rajab, Manalo, Allan, Lokuge, Weena and Al-Jabri, Khalifa. 2018. "Properties and structural behavior of concrete containing fine sand contaminated with light crude oil." Construction and Building Materials. 189, pp. 1214-1231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.09.089

The influence of fibre orientation on tribological performance of jute fibre reinforced epoxy composites considering different mat orientations

Alshammari, F. Z., Saleh, K. H., Yousif, B. F., Alajmi, A., Shalwan, A. and Alotaibi, J. G.. 2018. "The influence of fibre orientation on tribological performance of jute fibre reinforced epoxy composites considering different mat orientations." Tribology in Industry. 40 (3), pp. 335-348. https://doi.org/10.24874/ti.2018.40.03.01

Effects of light crude oil contamination on the physical and mechanical properties of geopolymer cement mortar

Abousnina, Rajab, Manalo, Allan, Lokuge, Weena and Zhang, Zuhua. 2018. "Effects of light crude oil contamination on the physical and mechanical properties of geopolymer cement mortar." Cement and Concrete Composites. 90, pp. 136-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2018.04.001

Oil contaminated sand: an emerging and sustainable construction material

Abousnina, Rajab M., Manalo, Allan, Lokuge, Weena and Shiau, Jim. 2015. "Oil contaminated sand: an emerging and sustainable construction material." 2015 International Conference on Sustainable Design, Engineering and Construction. Chicago, United States 10 - 13 May 2015 Netherlands. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2015.08.453

Numerical investigation on structural evolution and mechanical behaviour of amorphous silicon Li ion battery anodes

Sitinamaluwa, Hansinee, Wang, Mingchao, Will, Geoffrey, Senadeera, Wijitha, Ling, Ming, Zhang, Shanqing and Yan, Cheng. 2015. "Numerical investigation on structural evolution and mechanical behaviour of amorphous silicon Li ion battery anodes." 9th International Mesostructured Materials Symposium (IMMS-9). Brisbane, Australia 17 - 20 Aug 2015 Brisbane, Australia.

Properties of mortar and concrete containing fine sand contaminated with light crude oil

Abousnina, Rajab Mohamed B.. 2016. Properties of mortar and concrete containing fine sand contaminated with light crude oil. PhD Thesis Doctor of Philosophy. University of Southern Queensland.

Investigation on interfacial adhesion of date palm/epoxy using fragmentation technique

Shalwan, A. and Yousif, B. F.. 2014. "Investigation on interfacial adhesion of date palm/epoxy using fragmentation technique." Materials and Design. 53, pp. 928-937. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2013.07.083

An overview on oil contaminated sand and its engineering applications

Abousnina, Rajab M., Manalo, Allan, Shiau, Jim and Lokuge, Weena. 2016. "An overview on oil contaminated sand and its engineering applications." International Journal of GEOMATE. 10 (19), pp. 1615-1622.

Physical and mechanical properties of cement mortar containing fine sand contaminated with light crude oil

Abousnina, Rajab M., Manalo, Allan and Lokuge, Weena. 2016. "Physical and mechanical properties of cement mortar containing fine sand contaminated with light crude oil." Procedia Engineering. 145, pp. 250- 258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2016.04.071

Carbon-based silicon nanohybrid anode materials for rechargeable lithium ion batteries

Sitinamaluwa, Hansinee, Zhang, Shanqing, Senadeera, Wijitha, Will, Geoffrey and Yan, Cheng. 2016. "Carbon-based silicon nanohybrid anode materials for rechargeable lithium ion batteries." Materials Technology: Advanced Performance Materials. 31 (14), pp. 872-883. https://doi.org/10.1080/10667857.2015.1104824

Effect of light hydrocarbons contamination on shear strength of fine sand

Abousnina, Rajab M., Shiau, Jim, Manalo, Allan and Lokuge, Weena. 2014. "Effect of light hydrocarbons contamination on shear strength of fine sand." Hossain, Zakaria and Shiau, Jim (ed.) 4th International Conference on Geotechnique, Construction Materials and Environment (GEOMATE 2014). Brisbane, Australia 19 - 21 Nov 2014 Mie, Japan.

Effects of light crude oil contamination on the physical and mechanical properties of fine sand

Abousnina, Rajab M., Manalo, Allan, Shiau, Jim and Lokuge, Weena. 2015. "Effects of light crude oil contamination on the physical and mechanical properties of fine sand." Soil and Sediment Contamination: an international journal. 24 (8), pp. 833-845. https://doi.org/10.1080/15320383.2015.1058338

Mechanical properties of mortar with oil contaminated sand

Abousnina, Rajab M., Manalo, Allan and Lokuge, Weena. 2015. "Mechanical properties of mortar with oil contaminated sand." 27th Biennial National Conference of the Concrete Institute of Australia (Concrete 2015) in conjunction with the 69th RILEM Week: Construction Innovations, Research into Practice. Melbourne, Australia 30 Aug - 02 Sep 2015 Sydney, Australia.

Investigation on Temperature-Dependent Electrical Conductivity of Carbon Nanotube/Epoxy Composites for Sustainable Energy Applications

Njuguna, Michael K., Galpaya, Dilini, Yan, Cheng, Colwell, Colwell, Will, Geoffrey, Hu, Ning, Yarlagadda, Prasad and Bell, John M.. 2015. "Investigation on Temperature-Dependent Electrical Conductivity of Carbon Nanotube/Epoxy Composites for Sustainable Energy Applications." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. 15 (9), pp. 6957-6964. https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2015.10514

Comparison between oily and coal seam gas produced water with respect to quantity, characteristics and treatment technologies: a review

Abousnina, Rajab M., Nghiem, Long D. and Bundschuh, Jochen. 2015. "Comparison between oily and coal seam gas produced water with respect to quantity, characteristics and treatment technologies: a review." Desalination and Water Treatment. 54 (7), pp. 1793-1808. https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2014.893541

Influence of date palm fibre and graphite filler on mechanical and wear characteristics of epoxy composites

Shalwan, A. and Yousif, B. F.. 2014. "Influence of date palm fibre and graphite filler on mechanical and wear characteristics of epoxy composites." Materials and Design. 59, pp. 264-273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2014.02.066

Correlation between frictional force, interface temperature and specific wear rate of fibre polymer composites

Arhaim, Y. H, Shalwan, A. and Yousif, B. F.. 2013. "Correlation between frictional force, interface temperature and specific wear rate of fibre polymer composites." Advanced Materials Research. 685 (685), pp. 45-49. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.685.45