Effect of microwave heating on interlayer bonding and buildability of geopolymer 3D concrete printing

Article

Muthukrishnan, Shravan, Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan and Sanjayan, Jay. 2020. "Effect of microwave heating on interlayer bonding and buildability of geopolymer 3D concrete printing." Construction and Building Materials. 265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120786
Article Title

Effect of microwave heating on interlayer bonding and buildability of geopolymer 3D concrete printing

ERA Journal ID3470
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsMuthukrishnan, Shravan, Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan and Sanjayan, Jay
Journal TitleConstruction and Building Materials
Journal Citation265
Article Number120786
Number of Pages14
Year2020
PublisherElsevier
Place of PublicationNetherlands
ISSN0950-0618
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120786
Web Address (URL)https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0950061820327914
AbstractThe emerging concept of 3D concrete printing (3DCP) by the laminate stacking of layers without formwork has major issues of poor interlayer bond adhesion and inadequate buildability of printed layers. This paper explores microwave heating technique as a set-on-demand method to increase the structuration rate of geopolymer concrete for 3DCP applications. The microwave heating was applied just before the placement of layers (i.e. at the nozzle head) and the effect of heating duration on the interlayer bond strength and buildability were assessed. Moreover, the loss of surface and bulk moisture and the bond strength enhancing mechanism were also investigated. The results demonstrated that the optimum microwaving duration of 10 s has increased the interlayer bond strength by 132%. The interlayer temperature and surface moisture loss has shown an increasing trend with the heating duration. Despite the increased surface moisture loss with microwave heating, the observed increment in interlayer bond strength (for up to 10 s of heating) was due to the acceleration in polycondensation reaction between the filaments having adequate stiffness for maximum mechanical interlocking with minimum deformation after stacking. On the other hand, the buildability of printed filaments, as measured from the rate of particle re-flocculation and structuration, has showed a major improvement. Findings from this study propose incorporating “set-on demand” technique using electromagnetic radiations in construction 3D printing. This initiates a new era of print heads, designed to solve problems faced by current concrete printing industry.
KeywordsOne-part geopolymer; 3D printing; Large-scale additive manufacturing; Set-on-demand; Active rheology control; Sustainable concrete
Contains Sensitive ContentDoes not contain sensitive content
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020400505. Construction materials
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Byline AffiliationsSwinburne University of Technology
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