Modelling eccentrically loaded high-strength concrete columns

Article

Lokuge, Weena, Setunge, Sujeeva and Sanjayan, J. G.. 2003. "Modelling eccentrically loaded high-strength concrete columns." Magazine of Concrete Research. 55 (4), pp. 331-341.
Article Title

Modelling eccentrically loaded high-strength concrete columns

ERA Journal ID4255
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsLokuge, Weena (Author), Setunge, Sujeeva (Author) and Sanjayan, J. G. (Author)
Journal TitleMagazine of Concrete Research
Journal Citation55 (4), pp. 331-341
Number of Pages11
Year2003
Place of PublicationLondon, U.K.
ISSN0024-9831
1751-763X
Abstract

Based on a confined concrete model for concentric static loading, an analytical method is proposed to predict the
behaviour of laterally confined concrete columns subjected to eccentric static loading. Theoretical predictions are
verified against the experimental studies reported in the literature. Normal, medium and high-strength concrete
were used. Although much research has been reported in the literature concerning eccentric loading of confined
concrete columns, there exists a controversial issue about the effect of strain gradient. This method fully incorporates the effect of strain gradient on the lateral confining pressure exerted by transverse reinforcement. It includes modifications for coefficient of effectiveness, and the fact that cover concrete continues to carry load even after spalling. By incorporating the variables, which affect the moment curvature behaviour of laterally confined
eccentrically loaded columns, the analytical procedure described here gives a superior alternative to use of a
different stress-block for concrete under a strain gradient.

Keywordsstatic loading; concrete columns
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020400510. Structural engineering
Public Notes

Files associated with this item cannot be displayed due to copyright restrictions.

Byline AffiliationsMonash University
Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT)
Swinburne University of Technology
Permalink -

https://research.usq.edu.au/item/q01yy/modelling-eccentrically-loaded-high-strength-concrete-columns

Log in to edit
  • 1929
    total views
  • 7
    total downloads
  • 7
    views this month
  • 0
    downloads this month

Export as

Related outputs

Rheological, mechanical and fire resistance performance of waste glass activated geopolymers for concrete 3D printing
Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan, Pasupathy, Kirubajiny, Manalo, Allan C. and Sanjayan, Jay. 2025. "Rheological, mechanical and fire resistance performance of waste glass activated geopolymers for concrete 3D printing." Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials. https://doi.org/10.1080/21650373.2025.2529994
Flexural Behaviour, Cracking, and Serviceability of Sustainable RC Beams with Waste Glass Fine Aggregate and Pond Ash
Fernando, V., Lokuge, W., Gunasekara, C. and Wang, H.. 2025. "Flexural Behaviour, Cracking, and Serviceability of Sustainable RC Beams with Waste Glass Fine Aggregate and Pond Ash." Engineering Structures. 343 (Part B). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.121122
Integrating advanced data imputation techniques and machine learning models to develop a predictive model for compressive strength of geopolymer concrete
Rathnayaka, Madushan, Wijesundara, Kushan, Gunasekara, Chamila, Law, David W., Karunasinghe, Dulakshi and Lokuge, Weena. 2025. "Integrating advanced data imputation techniques and machine learning models to develop a predictive model for compressive strength of geopolymer concrete." Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering. 25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43452-025-01254-y
Sustainable Mortar with Waste Glass and Fly Ash: Impact of Glass Aggregate Size and Life-Cycle Assessment
Fernando, Vimukthi, Lokuge, Weena, Seligmann, Hannah, Wang, Hao and Gunasekara, Chamila. 2025. "Sustainable Mortar with Waste Glass and Fly Ash: Impact of Glass Aggregate Size and Life-Cycle Assessment." Recycling. 10 (4). https://doi.org/10.3390/recycling10040133
Low-velocity impact and post-impact flexural behavior of novel concrete seawall panels reinforced with composite GFRP bars
Bal Yetim, Ezgi, Alajarmeh, Omar, Manalo, Allan, Lokuge, Weena, Yatsenko, Dmitry and Benmokrane, Brahim. 2025. "Low-velocity impact and post-impact flexural behavior of novel concrete seawall panels reinforced with composite GFRP bars." Case Studies in Construction Materials. 23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2025.e04844
Systematic Analysis of the Impact of Data Preprocessing Techniques on Machine-Learning Model Performance: A Case Study of a Compressive Strength Prediction Model for Geopolymer Concrete
Rathnayaka, Madushan, Karunasinghe, Dulakshi, Gunasekara, Chamila, Wijesundara, Kushan, Law, David W. and Lokuge, Weena. 2025. "Systematic Analysis of the Impact of Data Preprocessing Techniques on Machine-Learning Model Performance: A Case Study of a Compressive Strength Prediction Model for Geopolymer Concrete." Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering. 39 (4). https://doi.org/10.1061/JCCEE5.CPENG-6547
Performance of the corrugated metal pipe sliplining method using FRP pipes
Premasuriya, Aluth, Lokuge, Weena, Karunasena, Warna and Manalo, Allan C.. 2025. "Performance of the corrugated metal pipe sliplining method using FRP pipes ." Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology. 162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2025.106603
Degradation mechanisms of low-calcium fly ash-based geopolymer mortar in simulated aggressive sewer conditions
Ariyadasa, Piumika W., Manalo, Allan C., Lokuge, Weena, Aravinthan, Vasantha, Gerdes, Andreas and Kaltenbach, Jonas. 2025. "Degradation mechanisms of low-calcium fly ash-based geopolymer mortar in simulated aggressive sewer conditions." Cement and Concrete Composites. 194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2025.107882
Sustainable mortar with waste glass fine aggregates and pond ash as an alkali-silica reaction suppressor
Fernando, W.C.V., Lokuge, W., Wang, H., Gunasekara, C. and Dhasindrakrishna, K.. 2025. "Sustainable mortar with waste glass fine aggregates and pond ash as an alkali-silica reaction suppressor." Case Studies in Construction Materials. 22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2025.e04269
Biochar in cementitious composites: A comprehensive review of properties, compatibility, and prospect of use in sustainable geopolymer concrete
Tayyab, Seemab, Ferdous, Wahid, Lokuge, Weena, Siddique, Rafat and Manalo, Allan. 2025. "Biochar in cementitious composites: A comprehensive review of properties, compatibility, and prospect of use in sustainable geopolymer concrete." Resources, Conservation and Recycling Advances. 25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcradv.2024.200242
Impact response of textile-reinforced 3D printed concrete panels
Ramesh, Akilesh, Rajeev, Pathmanathan, Xu, Shanqing, Sanjayan, Jay and Lu, Guoxing. 2024. "Impact response of textile-reinforced 3D printed concrete panels." Engineering Structures. 315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2024.118489
In-process textile reinforcement method for 3D concrete printing and its structural performance
Ramesh, Akilesh, Rajeev, Pathmanathan, Sanjayan, Jay and Mechtcherine, Viktor. 2024. "In-process textile reinforcement method for 3D concrete printing and its structural performance." Engineering Structures. 314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2024.118337
Bond-slip behaviour of textile-reinforcement in 3D printed concrete
Ramesh, Akilesh, Rajeev, Pathmanathan and Sanjayan, Jay. 2024. "Bond-slip behaviour of textile-reinforcement in 3D printed concrete." Journal of Building Engineering. 86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2024.108873
Thermal performance and life cycle analysis of 3D printed concrete wall building
Ramesh, Akilesh, Navaratnam, Satheeskumar, Rajeev, Pathmanathan and Sanjayan, Jay. 2024. "Thermal performance and life cycle analysis of 3D printed concrete wall building." Energy and Buildings. 320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114604
Waste Paint as Admixture for Glass Fiber–Reinforced Concrete Building Façades
Fernando, Dushan, Rajeev, Pathmanathan, Ramesh, Akilesh and Sanjayan, Jay. 2024. "Waste Paint as Admixture for Glass Fiber–Reinforced Concrete Building Façades." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering. 36 (10). https://doi.org/10.1061/JMCEE7.MTENG-17692
Fire resistance of 3D printed ultra-high performance concrete panels
Arunothayan, Arun R., Ramesh, Akilesh and Sanjayan, Jay G.. 2024. "Fire resistance of 3D printed ultra-high performance concrete panels." Journal of Building Engineering. 98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2024.111100
Examining the Impact of Fly Ash in Glass Fine Aggregate Mortar
Fernando, W. C. V, Lokuge, W., Wang, H. and Gunasekara, C.. 2024. "Examining the Impact of Fly Ash in Glass Fine Aggregate Mortar." 3R International Scientific Conference on Material Cycles and Waste Management (3RINCs 2024). Sydney, Australia 15 - 17 Mar 2024 Australia.
Enhancing Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete Performance through Machine Learning: A Predictive Model for Compressive Strength and Workability Optimization.
Rathnayaka, Madushan, Wijesundara, Kushan, Gunasekara, Chamila, Law, David W, Karunasinghe, Dulakshi and Lokuge, Weena. 2024. "Enhancing Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete Performance through Machine Learning: A Predictive Model for Compressive Strength and Workability Optimization." 3R International Scientific Conference on Material Cycles and Waste Management (3RINCs 2024). Sydney, Australia 15 - 17 Mar 2024 Australia.
Alkali-Activated Waste Glass-Based Geopolymer Concrete for Digital Construction
Pasupathy, Kirubajiny, Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan, Mechtcherine, Viktor and Sanjayan, Jay. 2024. "Alkali-Activated Waste Glass-Based Geopolymer Concrete for Digital Construction." 4th International Conference on 3D Construction Printing (4-IC3DcP). Singapore 19 - 21 Jul 2023 Switzerland . Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-64269-2_29
Two-Part Print Head Mixing of Hybrid Alkali-Activated Cement for Buildability Enhancement in 3D Concrete Printing
Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan, Pasupathy, Kirubajiny, Mechtcherine, Viktor and Sanjayan, Jay. 2024. "Two-Part Print Head Mixing of Hybrid Alkali-Activated Cement for Buildability Enhancement in 3D Concrete Printing." 4th International Conference on 3D Construction Printing (4-IC3DcP). Singapore 19 - 21 Jul 2023 Switzerland . Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-64269-2_2
Active Rheology Control of Concrete Using Encapsulated Accelerator as Responsive Additives for Concrete 3D Printing
Kanagasuntharam, Sasithar, Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan and Sanjayan, Jay. 2024. "Active Rheology Control of Concrete Using Encapsulated Accelerator as Responsive Additives for Concrete 3D Printing." 4th RILEM International Conference on Concrete and Digital Fabrication. Munich, Germany 04 - 06 Sep 2024 Germany. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-70031-6_29
Bond performance of fly ash-based geopolymer mortar in simulated concrete sewer substrate
Ariyadasa, Piumika W., Manalo, Allan C., Lokuge, Weena, Aravinthan, Vasantha, Pasupathy, Kiru and Gerdes, Andreas. 2024. "Bond performance of fly ash-based geopolymer mortar in simulated concrete sewer substrate." Construction and Building Materials. 446. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.137927
Concrete self-healing performance using surface roughness parameters: Metrological approach
Sidiq, Amir, Setunge, Sujeeva, Annamalai, Pratheep Kumar, Gravina, Rebecca J. and Giustozzi, Filippo. 2024. "Concrete self-healing performance using surface roughness parameters: Metrological approach." Journal of Building Engineering. 90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2024.109433
Encapsulation of sodium silicate to attain on demand buildability enhancement in concrete 3D printing
Kanagasuntharam, Sasitharan, Ramakrishnan, Saya and Sanjayan, Jay. 2024. "Encapsulation of sodium silicate to attain on demand buildability enhancement in concrete 3D printing." Journal of Building Engineering. 94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2024.109912
Mix design determination procedure for geopolymer concrete based on target strength method
Rathnayaka, Madushan, Karunasinghe, Dulakshi, Gunasekara, Chamila, Law, David W., Wijesundara, Kushan and Lokuge, Weena. 2024. "Mix design determination procedure for geopolymer concrete based on target strength method." Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering. 24 (3). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43452-024-01002-8
Printhead mixing of geopolymer and OPC slurries for hybrid alkali-activated cement in 3D concrete printing
Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan, Pasupathy, Kirubajiny, Mechtcherine, Viktor and Sanjayan, Jay. 2024. "Printhead mixing of geopolymer and OPC slurries for hybrid alkali-activated cement in 3D concrete printing." Construction and Building Materials. 430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.136439
Macro and microstructural evolution of low-calcium fly ash-based geopolymer mortar exposed to sulphuric acid corrosion
Ariyadasa, Piumika W., Manalo, Allan C., Lokuge, Weena, Aravinthan, Vasantha, Gerdes, Andreas, Kaltenbach, Jonas and Galvan, Beatriz Arevalo. 2024. "Macro and microstructural evolution of low-calcium fly ash-based geopolymer mortar exposed to sulphuric acid corrosion." Cement and Concrete Research. 178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2024.107436
Machine learning approaches to predict compressive strength of fly ash-based geopolymer concrete: A comprehensive review
Rathnayaka, Madushan, Karunasinghe, Dulakshi, Gunasekara, Chamila, Wijesundara, Kushan, Lokuge, Weena and Law, David W.. 2024. "Machine learning approaches to predict compressive strength of fly ash-based geopolymer concrete: A comprehensive review." Construction and Building Materials. 149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.135519
Investigating PCM encapsulated NaOH additive for set-on-demand in 3D concrete printing
Kanagasuntharam, Sasitharan, Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan and Sanjayan, Jay. 2024. "Investigating PCM encapsulated NaOH additive for set-on-demand in 3D concrete printing." Cement and Concrete Composites. 145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2023.105313
Qualitative investigations into floodways under extreme flood loading
Greene, Isaac Samuel, Gunasekara, Chamila, Lokuge, Weena and Karunasena, Warna. 2024. "Qualitative investigations into floodways under extreme flood loading." Journal of Flood Risk Management. 17 (2). https://doi.org/10.1111/jfr3.12967
Using Fibre recovered from face mask waste to improve printability in 3D concrete printing
Rajeev, Pathmanathan, Ramesh, Akilesh, Navaratnam, Satheeskumar and Sanjayan, Jay. 2023. "Using Fibre recovered from face mask waste to improve printability in 3D concrete printing." Cement and Concrete Composites. 139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2023.105047
Rheological characterization of ultra-high performance concrete for 3D printing
Arunothayan, Arun R, Nematollahi, Behzad, Khayat, Kamal H., Ramesh, Akilesh and Sanjayan, Jay G.. 2023. "Rheological characterization of ultra-high performance concrete for 3D printing." Cement and Concrete Composites. 136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2022.104854
Opportunities in Australia to promote the beneficial use of coal combustion products in construction
Rex, Adrian, Kitnasamy, Dhasindrakrishna, Lokuge, Weena and Wang, Hao. 2023. "Opportunities in Australia to promote the beneficial use of coal combustion products in construction." Concrete Institute of Australia's Biennial National Conference 2023. Perth, Australia 10 - 13 Sep 2023 Australia.
The ambient and elevated temperature performance of hemp fibre reinforced alkali-activated cement foam: Effects of fibre dosage and alkali treatment
Dhasindrakrishna, K, Pasupathy, Kirubajiny, Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan and Sanjayan, Jay. 2023. "The ambient and elevated temperature performance of hemp fibre reinforced alkali-activated cement foam: Effects of fibre dosage and alkali treatment." Journal of Building Engineering. 76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2023.107131
3D concrete printing of eco-friendly geopolymer containing brick waste
Pasupathy, Kirubajiny, Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan and Sanjayan, Jay. 2023. "3D concrete printing of eco-friendly geopolymer containing brick waste." Cement and Concrete Composites. 138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2023.104943
Rapid early age strength development of in-line activated geopolymer for concrete 3D printing
Muthukrishnan, Shravan, Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan and Sanjayan, Jay. 2023. "Rapid early age strength development of in-line activated geopolymer for concrete 3D printing." Construction and Building Materials. 406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.133312
A Reliability-Based Framework for Damage Accumulation Due to Multiple Earthquakes: A Case Study on Bridges
Herath, Nilupa, Zhang, Lihai, Mendis, Priyan, Navaratnam, Satheeskumar, Lokuge, Weena and Setunge, Sujeeva. 2023. "A Reliability-Based Framework for Damage Accumulation Due to Multiple Earthquakes: A Case Study on Bridges ." Infrastructures. 8 (6). https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures8060106
Development of sustainable concrete using recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) granules as fine aggregate
Eyni Kangavar, Mohammad, Lokuge, Weena, Manalo, Allan, Karunasena, Warna and Ozbakkaloglu, Togay. 2023. "Development of sustainable concrete using recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) granules as fine aggregate ." Developments in the Built Environment. 15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dibe.2023.100192
Effect of Magnetorheological additives on the buildability of 3D concrete printing
Kanagasuntharam, Sasitharan, Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan, Muthukrishnan, Shravan and Sanjayan, Jay. 2023. "Effect of Magnetorheological additives on the buildability of 3D concrete printing." Journal of Building Engineering. 74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2023.106814
Using an inventory cluster approach for assessing bushfire preparedness and information needs in vulnerable communities
Ryan, Barbara, King, Rachel, Lokuge, Weena, Karunasena, Warna and Anderson, Esther. 2023. "Using an inventory cluster approach for assessing bushfire preparedness and information needs in vulnerable communities." Natural Hazards. 115, p. 1697–1714. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-022-05614-2
Markov-based deterioration prediction and asset management of floodway structures
Tran, Huu, Lokuge, Weena, Karunasena, Warna and Setunge, Sujeeva. 2022. "Markov-based deterioration prediction and asset management of floodway structures." Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure. 7 (6), pp. 789-802. https://doi.org/10.1080/23789689.2022.2067950
Flexural behaviour of circular timber columns strengthened by glass fibre reinforced polymer wrapping system
Otoom, Omar F., Lokuge, Weena, Karunasena, Warna, Manalo, Allan C., Ozbakkaloglu, Togay and Ehsani, Mohammad R.. 2022. "Flexural behaviour of circular timber columns strengthened by glass fibre reinforced polymer wrapping system." Structures. 38, pp. 1349-1367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2022.02.070
Investigation on the properties of concrete with recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) granules as fine aggregate replacement
Eyni Kangavar, Mohammad, Lokuge, Weena, Manalo, Allan, Karunasena, Warna and Frigione, Mariaenrica. 2022. "Investigation on the properties of concrete with recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) granules as fine aggregate replacement." Case Studies in Construction Materials. 16, pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2022.e00934
Network Deterioration Prediction for Reinforced Concrete Pipe and Box Culverts Using Markov Model: Case Study
Tran, Huu, Lokuge, Weena, Setunge, Sujeeva and Karunasena, Warna. 2022. "Network Deterioration Prediction for Reinforced Concrete Pipe and Box Culverts Using Markov Model: Case Study." Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities. 36 (6), pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0001766
Flexural behaviour of circular reinforced concrete columns strengthened by glass fibre reinforced polymer wrapping system
Otoom, Omar F., Lokuge, Weena, Karunasena, Warna, Manalo, Allan C., Ozbakkaloglu, Togay and Ehsani, Mohammad R.. 2022. "Flexural behaviour of circular reinforced concrete columns strengthened by glass fibre reinforced polymer wrapping system." Structures. 38, pp. 1326-1348. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2022.02.071
Mix design of fly ash based alkali activated concrete
Gunasekara, Chamila, Lokuge, Weena, Law, David W. and Setunge, Sujeeva. 2021. "Mix design of fly ash based alkali activated concrete." Pacheco-Torgal, Fernando, Chindaprasirt, Prinya and Ozbakkaloglu, Togay (ed.) Handbook of Advances in Alkali-activated Concrete. United Kingdom. Woodhead Publishing Limited. pp. 41-65
Mechanical Properties of Macro Polypropylene Fibre-Reinforced Concrete
Abousnina, Rajab, Premasiri, Sachindra, Anise, Vilive, Lokuge, Weena, Vimonsatit, Vanissorn, Ferdous, Wahid and Alajarmeh, Omar. 2021. "Mechanical Properties of Macro Polypropylene Fibre-Reinforced Concrete." Polymers. 13 (23), pp. 1-26.
Fresh and Hardened Properties of 3D Printable Foam Concrete Containing Porous Aggregates
Pasupathy, Kirubajiny, Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan and Sanjayan, Jay. 2022. "Fresh and Hardened Properties of 3D Printable Foam Concrete Containing Porous Aggregates." 3rd RILEM International Conference on Concrete and Digital Fabrication. Loughborough, United Kingdom 27 - 29 Jun 2022 Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06116-5_10
Effect of hydrophobic surface-modified fine aggregates on efflorescence control in geopolymer
Pasupathy, Kirubajiny, Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan and Sanjayan, Jay. 2022. "Effect of hydrophobic surface-modified fine aggregates on efflorescence control in geopolymer." Cement and Concrete Composites. 126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2021.104337
Enhancing the chemical foaming process using superplasticizer in aerated geopolymer concrete
Pasupathy, Kirubajiny, Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan and Sanjayan, Jay. 2022. "Enhancing the chemical foaming process using superplasticizer in aerated geopolymer concrete." Construction and Building Materials. 324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.126535
Set on demand geopolymer using print head mixing for 3D concrete printing
Muthukrishnan, Shravan, Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan and Sanjayan, Jay. 2022. "Set on demand geopolymer using print head mixing for 3D concrete printing." Cement and Concrete Composites. 128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2022.104451
Synthesis and performance of intumescent alkali-activated rice husk ash for fire-resistant applications
Dhasindrakrishna, K., Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan, Pasupathy, Kirubajiny and Sanjayan, Jay. 2022. "Synthesis and performance of intumescent alkali-activated rice husk ash for fire-resistant applications." Journal of Building Engineering. 51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2022.104281
Rheology and elevated temperature performance of geopolymer foam concrete with varying PVA fibre dosage
Dhasindrakrishna, K., Pasupathy, Kirubajiny, Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan and Sanjayan, Jay. 2022. "Rheology and elevated temperature performance of geopolymer foam concrete with varying PVA fibre dosage." Materials Letters. 328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2022.133122
In-line activation of cementitious materials for 3D concrete printing
Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan, Kanagasuntharam, Sasitharan and Sanjayan, Jay. 2022. "In-line activation of cementitious materials for 3D concrete printing." Cement and Concrete Composites. 131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2022.104598
Enhancing the properties of foam concrete 3D printing using porous aggregates
Pasupathy, Kirubajiny, Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan and Sanjayan, Jay. 2022. "Enhancing the properties of foam concrete 3D printing using porous aggregates." Cement and Concrete Composites. 133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2022.104687
In-line activation of geopolymer slurry for concrete 3D printing
Muthukrishnan, Shravan, Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan and Sanjayan, Jay. 2022. "In-line activation of geopolymer slurry for concrete 3D printing." Cement and Concrete Research. 162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2022.107008
Influence of Filler Properties on the Axial Behaviour of Pultruded FRP Tubes
Al-Saadi, Ali Umran, Aravinthan, Thiru and Lokuge, Weena. 2022. "Influence of Filler Properties on the Axial Behaviour of Pultruded FRP Tubes ." 10th International Conference on FRP Composites in Civil Engineering (CICE 2020/2021). Istanbul, Turkey 08 - 10 Dec 2021 Switzerland . Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88166-5_43
Investigating snipe depth in girders and corbels in timber bridges
Cohen, Jethro, Lokuge, Weena and Herath, Nilupa. 2018. "Investigating snipe depth in girders and corbels in timber bridges." 9th International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management (IABMAS 2018). Melbourne, Australia 09 - 13 Jul 2018 United Kingdom.
Recycling of landfill wastes (tyres, plastics and glass) in construction – A review on global waste generation, performance, application and future opportunities
Ferdous, Wahid, Manalo, Allan, Siddique, Rafat, Mendis, Priyan, Zhuge, Yan, Wong, Hong S., Lokuge, Weena, Aravinthan, Thiru and Schubel, Peter. 2021. "Recycling of landfill wastes (tyres, plastics and glass) in construction – A review on global waste generation, performance, application and future opportunities." Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 173, pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105745
Experimental and numerical evaluation of the compression behaviour of GFRP-wrapped infill materials
Otoom, Omar F., Lokuge, Weena, Karunasena, Warna, Manalo, Allan C., Ozbakkaloglu, Togay and Thambiratnam, David. 2021. "Experimental and numerical evaluation of the compression behaviour of GFRP-wrapped infill materials." Case Studies in Construction Materials. 15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2021.e00654
Experimental and numerical analysis on the effectiveness of GFRP wrapping system on timber pile rehabilitation
Lokuge, Weena, Otoom, Omar, Borzou, Rahmin, Navaratnam, Satheeskumar, Herath, Nilupa and Thambiratnam, David. 2021. "Experimental and numerical analysis on the effectiveness of GFRP wrapping system on timber pile rehabilitation." Case Studies in Construction Materials. 15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2021.e00552
Performance of timber girders with end-notch: Experimental and numerical investigation
Navaratnam, Satheeskumar, Herath, Nilupa, Lokuge, Weena, Thamboo, Julian and Poologanathan, Keerthan. 2021. "Performance of timber girders with end-notch: Experimental and numerical investigation." Structures. 29, pp. 730-740. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2020.11.075
Bushfire mitigation and preparation on the Toowoomba Region Escarpment: a research report for Toowoomba Regional Council
Ryan, Barbara, King, Rachel, Lokuge, Weena, Karunasena, Karu and Anderson, Esther. 2020. Bushfire mitigation and preparation on the Toowoomba Region Escarpment: a research report for Toowoomba Regional Council. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
Novel analytical method for mix design and performance prediction of high calcium fly ash geopolymer concrete
Gunasekara, Chamila, Atzarakis, Peter, Lokuge, Weena, Law, David W. and Setunge, Sujeeva. 2021. "Novel analytical method for mix design and performance prediction of high calcium fly ash geopolymer concrete." Polymers. 13 (6). https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13060900
Design of Alkali-Activated Slag-Fly Ash Concrete Mixtures Using Machine Learning
Gunasekara, C., Lokuge, W., Keskic, M., Raj, N., Law, D. W. and Setunge, S.. 2020. "Design of Alkali-Activated Slag-Fly Ash Concrete Mixtures Using Machine Learning." ACI Materials Journal. 117 (5), pp. 263-278. https://doi.org/10.14359/51727019
Characteristics, strength development and microstructure of cement mortar containing oil-contaminated sand
Abousnina, Rajab, Manalo, Allan, Ferdous, Wahid, Lokuge, Weena, Benabed, Benchaa and Al-Jabri, Khalifa Saif. 2020. "Characteristics, strength development and microstructure of cement mortar containing oil-contaminated sand." Construction and Building Materials. 252, pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.119155
Synthesis and properties of thermally enhanced aerated geopolymer concrete using form-stable phase change composite
Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan, Pasupathy, Kirubajiny and Sanjayan, Sanjayan. 2021. "Synthesis and properties of thermally enhanced aerated geopolymer concrete using form-stable phase change composite." Journal of Building Engineering. 40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.102756
Concrete 3D printing of lightweight elements using hollow-core extrusion of filaments
Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan, Muthukrishnan, Shravan, Sanjayan, Jay and Pasupathy, Kirubajiny. 2021. "Concrete 3D printing of lightweight elements using hollow-core extrusion of filaments." Cement and Concrete Composites. 123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2021.104220
Influence of recycled concrete aggregate on the foam stability of aerated geopolymer concrete
Pasupathy, Kirubajiny, Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan and Sanjayan, Jay. 2021. "Influence of recycled concrete aggregate on the foam stability of aerated geopolymer concrete." Construction and Building Materials. 271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121850
Formulating eco-friendly geopolymer foam concrete by alkali-activation of ground brick waste
Pasupathy, Kirubajiny, Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan and Sanjayan, Jay. 2021. "Formulating eco-friendly geopolymer foam concrete by alkali-activation of ground brick waste." Journal of Cleaner Production. 325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.129180
Technologies for improving buildability in 3D concrete printing
Muthukrishnan, Shravan, Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan and Sanjayan, Jay. 2021. "Technologies for improving buildability in 3D concrete printing." Cement and Concrete Composites. 122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2021.104144
Effect of alkali reactions on the rheology of one-part 3D printable geopolymer concrete
Muthukrishnan, Shravan, Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan and Sanjayan, Jay. 2021. "Effect of alkali reactions on the rheology of one-part 3D printable geopolymer concrete." Cement and Concrete Composites. 116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2020.103899
Collapse of fresh foam concrete: Mechanisms and influencing parameters
Dhasindrakrishna, K., Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan, Pasupathy, Kirubajiny and Sanjayan, Jay. 2021. "Collapse of fresh foam concrete: Mechanisms and influencing parameters." Cement and Concrete Composites. 122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2021.104151
Progress, current thinking and challenges in geopolymer foam concrete technology
Dhasindrakrishna, K., Pasupathy, Kirubajiny, Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan and Sanjayan, Jay. 2021. "Progress, current thinking and challenges in geopolymer foam concrete technology." Cement and Concrete Composites. 116, p. 103886. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2020.103886
Performance of Bridges with Damaged Elements in Extreme Flood Events
Lokuge, W., Fraser, C. and Karunasena, W.. 2020. "Performance of Bridges with Damaged Elements in Extreme Flood Events." Wang, Chien Ming, Ho, Johnny C.M. and Kitipornchai, Sritawat (ed.) 25th Australasian Conference on Mechanics of Structures and Materials (ACMSM25). Brisbane, Australia 04 - 07 Dec 2018 Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7603-0_40
Numerical Investigation on Hollow Pultruded Fibre Reinforced Polymer Tube Columns
Al-Saadi, A.U., Aravinthan, T. and Lokuge, W.. 2020. "Numerical Investigation on Hollow Pultruded Fibre Reinforced Polymer Tube Columns." Wang, Chien Ming, Ho, Johnny C.M. and Kitipornchai, Sritawat (ed.) 25th Australasian Conference on Mechanics of Structures and Materials (ACMSM25). Brisbane, Australia 04 - 07 Dec 2018 Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7603-0_45
Floodway Design Process Revisted
Greene, I., Lokuge, W. and Karunasena, W.. 2020. "Floodway Design Process Revisted." Wang, Chien Ming, Ho, Johnny C.M. and Kitipornchai, Sritawat (ed.) 25th Australasian Conference on Mechanics of Structures and Materials (ACMSM25). Brisbane, Australia 04 - 07 Dec 2018 Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7603-0_94
Flexural Behavior of Functionally Graded-Graphene Reinforced Composite Plates
Rasappagari, M.R.R., Karunasena, W. and Lokuge, W.. 2020. "Flexural Behavior of Functionally Graded-Graphene Reinforced Composite Plates." Wang, Chen Ming, Ho, Johnny C.M. and Kitipornchai, Sritawat (ed.) 25th Australasian Conference on Mechanics of Structures and Materials (ACMSM25). Brisbane, Australia 04 - 07 Dec 2018 Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7603-0_22
Rehabilitation of timber bridge piles using a wrapping system
Borzou, R. and Lokuge, W.. 2018. "Rehabilitation of timber bridge piles using a wrapping system." Powers, Nigel, Frangopol, Dan M., Al-Mahaidi, Riadh and Caprani, Colin (ed.) 9th International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management (IABMAS 2018). Melbourne, Australia 09 - 13 Jul 2018 London, United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315189390-281
Structural design of floodways under extreme flood loading
Greene, Isaac, Lokuge, Weena and Karunasena, Warna. 2020. "Structural design of floodways under extreme flood loading." International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment. 11 (4), pp. 535-555. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJDRBE-10-2019-0072
Vulnerability assessment of bridges subjected to extreme cyclonic events
Pathiranage, Thilini and Lokuge, Weena. 2020. "Vulnerability assessment of bridges subjected to extreme cyclonic events." Natural Hazards. 102 (1), pp. 401-417. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-020-03931-y
Flexural behaviour of concrete slabs reinforced with GFRP bars and hollow composite reinforcing systems
Al-Rubaye, Mohammed, Manalo, Allan, Alajarmeh, Omar, Ferdous, Wahid, Lokuge, Weena, Benmokrane, Brahim and Edoo, Azam. 2020. "Flexural behaviour of concrete slabs reinforced with GFRP bars and hollow composite reinforcing systems." Composite Structures. 236, pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2019.111836
Buildability of geopolymer concrete for 3D printing with microwave heating
Muthukrishnan, Shravan, Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan and Sanjayan, Jay. 2020. "Buildability of geopolymer concrete for 3D printing with microwave heating." 2nd RILEM International Conference on Concrete and Digital Fabrication. 06 - 09 Jul 2020 Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49916-7_90
Enhancing the mechanical and thermal properties of aerated geopolymer concrete using porous lightweight aggregates
Pasupathy, Kirubajiny, Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan and Sanjayan, Jay. 2020. "Enhancing the mechanical and thermal properties of aerated geopolymer concrete using porous lightweight aggregates." Construction and Building Materials. 264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120713
Effect of microwave heating on interlayer bonding and buildability of geopolymer 3D concrete printing
Muthukrishnan, Shravan, Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan and Sanjayan, Jay. 2020. "Effect of microwave heating on interlayer bonding and buildability of geopolymer 3D concrete printing." Construction and Building Materials. 265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120786
Effect of yield stress development on the foam-stability of aerated geopolymer concrete
Dhasindrakrishna, K., Pasupathy, K., Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan and Sanjayan, Jay. 2020. "Effect of yield stress development on the foam-stability of aerated geopolymer concrete." Cement and Concrete Research. 138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2020.106233
Floodways and Flood-Related Experiences: A Survey of Industry Experts and Asset Owners
Greene, I., Lokuge, W. and Karunasena, K.. 2020. "Floodways and Flood-Related Experiences: A Survey of Industry Experts and Asset Owners." Engineering for Public Works. 19, pp. 69-75.
Effects of fibre orientation and layup on the mechanical properties of the pultruded glass fibre reinforced polymer tubes
Al-Saadi, Ali Umran, Aravinthan, Thiru and Lokuge, Weena. 2019. "Effects of fibre orientation and layup on the mechanical properties of the pultruded glass fibre reinforced polymer tubes." Engineering Structures. 198, pp. 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.109448
Modelling glass fibre-reinforced polymer reinforced geopolymer concrete columns
Dong, Minhao, Lokuge, Weena, Elchalakani, Mohamed and Karrech, Ali. 2019. "Modelling glass fibre-reinforced polymer reinforced geopolymer concrete columns." Structures. 20, pp. 813-821. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2019.06.018
Behaviour of geopolymer concrete filled pultruded GFRP short columns
Lokuge, Weena, Abousnina, Rajab and Herath, Nilupa. 2019. "Behaviour of geopolymer concrete filled pultruded GFRP short columns." Journal of Composite Materials. 53 (18), pp. 2555-2567. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998319833447
Predicting the probability of failure of timber bridges using fault tree analysis
Lokuge, Weena, Wilson, Matthew, Tran, Huu and Setunge, Sujeeva. 2019. "Predicting the probability of failure of timber bridges using fault tree analysis." Structure and Infrastructure Engineering: maintenance, management, life-cycle design and performance. 15 (6), pp. 783-797. https://doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2019.1569069
Quantitative assessment of flood discharges and floodway failures through cross-cultivation of advancement in knowledge and traditional practices
Wahalathantri, Buddhi, Lokuge, Weena, Karunasena, Warna and Setunge, Sujeeva. 2018. "Quantitative assessment of flood discharges and floodway failures through cross-cultivation of advancement in knowledge and traditional practices." International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment. 9 (4-5), pp. 435-456. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJDRBE-09-2017-0051
Thermal and mechanical properties of sustainable lightweight strain hardening geopolymer composites
Nematollahi, Behzad, Ranade, Ravi, Sanjayan, Jay and Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan. 2019. "Thermal and mechanical properties of sustainable lightweight strain hardening geopolymer composites." Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering. 17 (1), pp. 55-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acme.2016.08.002
Experimental research on using form-stable PCM-integrated cementitious composite for reducing overheating in buildings
Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan, Sanjayan, Jay and Wang, Xiaoming. 2019. "Experimental research on using form-stable PCM-integrated cementitious composite for reducing overheating in buildings." Buildings. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings9030057
Energy saving performance assessment and lessons learned from the operation of an active phase change materials system in a multi-storey building in Melbourne
Alam, Morshed, Zou, Patrick X.W., Sanjayan, Jay and Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan. 2019. "Energy saving performance assessment and lessons learned from the operation of an active phase change materials system in a multi-storey building in Melbourne." Applied Energy. 238, pp. 1582-1595. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.01.116
Effects of various carbon additives on the thermal storage performance of form-stable PCM integrated cementitious composites
Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan, Wang, Xiaoming and Sanjayan, Jay. 2019. "Effects of various carbon additives on the thermal storage performance of form-stable PCM integrated cementitious composites." Applied Thermal Engineering. 148, pp. 491-501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.11.025
Role of structural analysis in floodway design process
Lokuge, Weena, Greene, Isaac, Etemadi, Elahe and Karunasena, Warna. 2019. "Role of structural analysis in floodway design process ." Australian Journal of Civil Engineering. 17 (2), pp. 110-119. https://doi.org/10.1080/14488353.2019.1653246
Flexural behavior of glued GFRP tubes filled with concrete
Muttashar, Majid, Manalo, Allan, Karunasena, Warna and Lokuge, Weena. 2017. "Flexural behavior of glued GFRP tubes filled with concrete." 6th Asia-Pacific Conference on FRP in Structures (APFIS2017). Singapore 19 - 21 Jul 2017 Singapore.
Properties and structural behavior of concrete containing fine sand contaminated with light crude oil
Abousnina, Rajab, Manalo, Allan, Lokuge, Weena and Al-Jabri, Khalifa. 2018. "Properties and structural behavior of concrete containing fine sand contaminated with light crude oil." Construction and Building Materials. 189, pp. 1214-1231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.09.089
Structural applications of fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composite tubes: a review of columns members
Al-Saadi, Ali Umran, Aravinthan, Thiru and Lokuge, Weena. 2018. "Structural applications of fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composite tubes: a review of columns members." Composite Structures. 204, pp. 513-524. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2018.07.109
Free vibration of functionally graded-GPL reinforced composite plates with different boundary conditions
Reddy, R. Muni Rami, Karunasena, W. and Lokuge, W.. 2018. "Free vibration of functionally graded-GPL reinforced composite plates with different boundary conditions." Aerospace Science and Technology. 78, pp. 147-156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ast.2018.04.019
Predicting the remaining life of timber bridges
Abbott, T., Gamage, N., Setunge, S. and Lokuge, W.. 2017. "Predicting the remaining life of timber bridges." 12th World Congress on Engineering Asset Management & 13th International Conference on Vibration Engineering and Technology of Machinery. Brisbane, Australia 02 - 04 Aug 2017
Behavior of pultruded multi-celled GFRP hollow beams with low-strength concrete infill
Muttashar, M., Karunasena, W., Manalo, A. and Lokuge, W.. 2017. "Behavior of pultruded multi-celled GFRP hollow beams with low-strength concrete infill." Hao, Hong and Zhang, Chunwei (ed.) 24th Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials (ACMSM24). Perth, Australia 06 - 09 Dec 2016 London, United Kingdom.
Effects of light crude oil contamination on the physical and mechanical properties of geopolymer cement mortar
Abousnina, Rajab, Manalo, Allan, Lokuge, Weena and Zhang, Zuhua. 2018. "Effects of light crude oil contamination on the physical and mechanical properties of geopolymer cement mortar." Cement and Concrete Composites. 90, pp. 136-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2018.04.001
Flexural behaviour of multi-celled GFRP composite beams with concrete infill: experiment and theoretical analysis
Muttashar, Majid, Manalo, Allan, Karunasena, Warna and Lokuge, Weena. 2017. "Flexural behaviour of multi-celled GFRP composite beams with concrete infill: experiment and theoretical analysis." Composite Structures. 159, pp. 21-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2016.09.049
Mechanical properties of polymer concrete with different types of resin
Lokuge, W. P. and Aravinthan, T.. 2013. "Mechanical properties of polymer concrete with different types of resin." Samali, Bijan, Attard, Mario M. and Song, Chongmin (ed.) 22nd Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials (ACMSM22). Sydney, Australia 11 - 14 Dec 2012 London, United Kingdom.
Design of fly ash geopolymer concrete mix proportions using Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline model
Lokuge, Weena, Wilson, Aaron, Gunasekara, Chamila, Law, David W. and Setunge, Sujeeva. 2018. "Design of fly ash geopolymer concrete mix proportions using Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline model." Construction and Building Materials. 166, pp. 472-481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.01.175
Greenhouse gas emissions during timber and concrete building construction - a scenario based comparative case study
Sandanayake, Malindu, Lokuge, Weena, Zhang, Guomin, Setunge, Sujeeva and Thushar, Quddus. 2017. "Greenhouse gas emissions during timber and concrete building construction - a scenario based comparative case study." Sustainable Cities and Society. 38, pp. 91-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2017.12.017
Thermal enhancement of paraffin/hydrophobic expanded perlite granular phase change composite using graphene nanoplatelets
Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan, Wang, Xiaoming and Sanjayan, Jay. 2018. "Thermal enhancement of paraffin/hydrophobic expanded perlite granular phase change composite using graphene nanoplatelets ." Energy and Buildings. 169, pp. 206-215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2018.03.053
Finite element based dynamic analysis of multilayer fibre composite sandwich plates with interlayer delaminations
Jayatilake, Indunil N., Karunasena, Warna and Lokuge, Weena. 2016. "Finite element based dynamic analysis of multilayer fibre composite sandwich plates with interlayer delaminations." Advances in Aircraft and Spacecraft Science. 3 (1), pp. 15-28. https://doi.org/10.12989/aas.2016.3.1.015
Influence of infill concrete strength on the flexural behaviour of pultruded GFRP square beams
Muttashar, Majid, Manalo, Allan, Karunasena, Warna and Lokuge, Weena. 2016. "Influence of infill concrete strength on the flexural behaviour of pultruded GFRP square beams." Composite Structures. 145, pp. 58-67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2016.02.071
Predicting the failure of timber bridges by using current inspection reports
Lokuge, Weena, Wilson, Matthew, Tran, Huu and Setunge, Sujeeva. 2017. "Predicting the failure of timber bridges by using current inspection reports." Engineering for Public Works.
Oil contaminated sand: an emerging and sustainable construction material
Abousnina, Rajab M., Manalo, Allan, Lokuge, Weena and Shiau, Jim. 2015. "Oil contaminated sand: an emerging and sustainable construction material." 2015 International Conference on Sustainable Design, Engineering and Construction. Chicago, United States 10 - 13 May 2015 Netherlands. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2015.08.453
Analysis of flood impact on reinforced concrete(Pre-stressed) girder bridges – a case study
Kalendher, F., Setunge, S., Mohseni, H. and Lokuge, W.. 2016. "Analysis of flood impact on reinforced concrete(Pre-stressed) girder bridges – a case study." Bittencourt, Tulio Nogueira, Frangopol, Dan M. and Beck, Andre T. (ed.) 8th International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management (IABMAS 2016). Foz Do Iguacu, Brazil 26 - 30 Jun 2016 Netherlands.
Effectiveness of formative online quizzes in learning and teaching a structural engineering course
Aravinthan, Thiru, Lokuge, Weena and Manalo, Allan. 2011. "Effectiveness of formative online quizzes in learning and teaching a structural engineering course." Al-Abdeli, Yasir M. and Lindsay, Euan (ed.) 22nd Annual Conference of the Australasian Association for Engineering Education (AAEE 2011). Fremantle, Australia 05 - 07 Dec 2011 Barton, ACT, Australia.
Dynamic analysis of multilayer GFRP sandwich slabs with interlayer delaminations
Jayatilake, Indunil N., Karunasena, Warna and Lokuge, Weena. 2014. "Dynamic analysis of multilayer GFRP sandwich slabs with interlayer delaminations." Sabu, John and Das, Raj (ed.) 8th Australasian Congress on Applied Mechanics (ACAM 8). Melbourne, Australia 24 - 28 Nov 2014 Australia.
Dynamic behaviour of fibre composite multilayer sandwich plates with delaminations
Jayatilake, Indunil, Karunasena, Warna and Lokuge, Weena. 2014. "Dynamic behaviour of fibre composite multilayer sandwich plates with delaminations." Smith, Scott T. (ed.) 23rd Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials (ACMSM23). Byron Bay, Australia 09 - 12 Dec 2014 Lismore, Australia.
Stress-strain behaviour of unconfined polymer concrete
Lokuge, Weena and Aravinthan, Thiru. 2014. "Stress-strain behaviour of unconfined polymer concrete." Smith, Scott (ed.) 23rd Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials (ACMSM23). Byron Bay, Australia 09 - 12 Dec 2014 Byron Bay, Australia.
Geopolymer concrete with FRP confinement
Lembo, Kurt, Lokuge, Weena and Karunasena, Warna. 2014. "Geopolymer concrete with FRP confinement." Smith, Scott (ed.) 23rd Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials (ACMSM23). Byron Bay, Australia 09 - 12 Dec 2014 Byron Bay, Australia.
Geopolymer concrete: the green alternative with suitable structural properties
Muttashar, Majid, Lokuge, Weena and Karunasena, Warna. 2014. "Geopolymer concrete: the green alternative with suitable structural properties." Smith, Scott T. (ed.) 23rd Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials (ACMSM23). Byron Bay, Australia 09 - 12 Dec 2014 Lismore, Australia.
Experimental investigation on the flexural behaviour of pultruded GFRP beams filled with different concrete strengths
Muttashar, M., Manalo, A., Karunasena, W. and Lokuge, W.. 2016. "Experimental investigation on the flexural behaviour of pultruded GFRP beams filled with different concrete strengths." Teng, J. G. and Dai, J. G. (ed.) 8th International Conference on Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Composites in Civil Engineering (CICE 2016). Hong Kong, China 14 - 16 Dec 2016 China.
Failure mechanisms of bridge infrastructure in an extreme flood event
Lebbe, Mohamed Farook Kalendher, Lokuge, Weena, Setunge, Sujeeva and Zhang, Kevin. 2014. "Failure mechanisms of bridge infrastructure in an extreme flood event." Li, Chun Qing, Setunge, Sujeeva and De Silva, Saman (ed.) 1st International Conference on Infrastructure Failures and Consequences (ICIFC 2014). Melbourne, Australia 16 - 20 Jul 2014 Melbourne, Australia.
Effect of skin-core debonding on the dynamic behaviour of GFRP composite beams
Jayatilake, Indunil, Karunasena, Warna and Lokuge, Weena. 2013. "Effect of skin-core debonding on the dynamic behaviour of GFRP composite beams." Epaarachchi, Jayantha A., Lau, Alan Kin-tak and Leng, Jinsong (ed.) 4th International Conference on Smart Materials and Nanotechnology in Engineering (SMN 2013). Gold Coast, Australia 10 - 12 Jul 2013 United States. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2026751
The effect of shear span-to-depth ratio on the failure mode and strength of pultruded GFRP beams
Muttashar, Majid, Karunasena, Warna, Manalo, Allan and Lokuge, Weena. 2015. "The effect of shear span-to-depth ratio on the failure mode and strength of pultruded GFRP beams." Joint Conference of the 12th International Symposium on Fiber Reinforced Polymers for Reinforced Concrete Structures (FRPRCS-12) & the 5th Asia-Pacific Conference on Fiber Reinforced Polymers in Structures (APFIS-2015). Nanjing, China 14 - 16 Dec 2015 China.
Testing and characterization of pultruded glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) beams
Muttashar, Majid, Karunasena, Warna, Manalo, Allan and Lokuge, Weena. 2015. "Testing and characterization of pultruded glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) beams." Joint Conference of the 12th International Symposium on Fiber Reinforced Polymers for Reinforced Concrete Structures (FRPRCS-12) & the 5th Asia-Pacific Conference on Fiber Reinforced Polymers in Structures (APFIS-2015). Nanjing, China 14 - 16 Dec 2015 China.
An overview on oil contaminated sand and its engineering applications
Abousnina, Rajab M., Manalo, Allan, Shiau, Jim and Lokuge, Weena. 2016. "An overview on oil contaminated sand and its engineering applications." International Journal of GEOMATE. 10 (19), pp. 1615-1622.
Physical and mechanical properties of cement mortar containing fine sand contaminated with light crude oil
Abousnina, Rajab M., Manalo, Allan and Lokuge, Weena. 2016. "Physical and mechanical properties of cement mortar containing fine sand contaminated with light crude oil." Procedia Engineering. 145, pp. 250- 258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2016.04.071
Effect of light hydrocarbons contamination on shear strength of fine sand
Abousnina, Rajab M., Shiau, Jim, Manalo, Allan and Lokuge, Weena. 2014. "Effect of light hydrocarbons contamination on shear strength of fine sand." Hossain, Zakaria and Shiau, Jim (ed.) 4th International Conference on Geotechnique, Construction Materials and Environment (GEOMATE 2014). Brisbane, Australia 19 - 21 Nov 2014 Mie, Japan.
Effects of light crude oil contamination on the physical and mechanical properties of fine sand
Abousnina, Rajab M., Manalo, Allan, Shiau, Jim and Lokuge, Weena. 2015. "Effects of light crude oil contamination on the physical and mechanical properties of fine sand." Soil and Sediment Contamination: an international journal. 24 (8), pp. 833-845. https://doi.org/10.1080/15320383.2015.1058338
Mechanical properties of mortar with oil contaminated sand
Abousnina, Rajab M., Manalo, Allan and Lokuge, Weena. 2015. "Mechanical properties of mortar with oil contaminated sand." 27th Biennial National Conference of the Concrete Institute of Australia (Concrete 2015) in conjunction with the 69th RILEM Week: Construction Innovations, Research into Practice. Melbourne, Australia 30 Aug - 02 Sep 2015 Sydney, Australia.
Experimental and Numerical Study on Energy Performance of Buildings Integrated with Phase Change Materials
Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan, Wang, Xiaoming, Sanjayan, Jay and Wilson, John. 2017. "Experimental and Numerical Study on Energy Performance of Buildings Integrated with Phase Change Materials." 8th International Conference on Applied Energy (ICAE 2016) . Beijing, China 08 201 - 11 Oct 2016 Netherlands. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.03.627
Thermal Energy Storage Enhancement of Lightweight Cement Mortars with the Application of Phase Change Materials
Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan, Wang, Xiaoming, Sanjayan, Jay and Wilson, John. 2017. "Thermal Energy Storage Enhancement of Lightweight Cement Mortars with the Application of Phase Change Materials." Procedia Engineering. 180, pp. 1170-1177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.04.277
Heat Transfer Performance Enhancement of Paraffin/Expanded Perlite Phase Change Composites with Graphene Nano-platelets
Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan, Wang, Xiaoming, Sanjayan, Jay and Wilson, John. 2017. "Heat Transfer Performance Enhancement of Paraffin/Expanded Perlite Phase Change Composites with Graphene Nano-platelets." 8th International Conference on Applied Energy (ICAE 2016) . Beijing, China 08 201 - 11 Oct 2016 Netherlands. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.03.964
Thermal performance assessment of phase change material integrated cementitious composites in buildings: Experimental and numerical approach
Ramakrishnan, Applied Energy, Wang, Xiaoming, Sanjayan, Sanjayan and Wilson, John. 2017. "Thermal performance assessment of phase change material integrated cementitious composites in buildings: Experimental and numerical approach." Applied Energy. 207, pp. 654-664. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.144
Assessing the feasibility of integrating form-stable phase change material composites with cementitious composites and prevention of PCM leakage
Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan, Wang, Xiaoming, Sanjayan, Jay and Wilson, John. 2017. "Assessing the feasibility of integrating form-stable phase change material composites with cementitious composites and prevention of PCM leakage." Materials Letters. 192, pp. 88-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2016.12.052
Thermal performance of buildings integrated with phase change materials to reduce heat stress risks during extreme heatwave events
Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan, Wang, Xiaoming, Sanjayan, Jay and Wilson, John. 2017. "Thermal performance of buildings integrated with phase change materials to reduce heat stress risks during extreme heatwave events." Applied Energy. 194, pp. 410-421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.04.084
Development of thermal energy storage cementitious composites (TESC) containing a novel paraffin/hydrophobic expanded perlite composite phase change material
Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan, Wang, Xiaoming, Sanjayan, Jay, Petinakis, Eustathios and Wilson, John. 2017. "Development of thermal energy storage cementitious composites (TESC) containing a novel paraffin/hydrophobic expanded perlite composite phase change material." Solar Energy. 158, pp. 626-635. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2017.09.064
A Comparative Study on the Effectiveness of Passive and Free Cooling Application Methods of Phase Change Materials for Energy Efficient Retrofitting in Residential Buildings
Alam, Morshed, Sanjayan, Jay, Zou, Patrick X.W., Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan and Wilson, John. 2017. "A Comparative Study on the Effectiveness of Passive and Free Cooling Application Methods of Phase Change Materials for Energy Efficient Retrofitting in Residential Buildings." Procedia Engineering. 180, pp. 993-1002. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.04.259
Evaluating the passive and free cooling application methods of phase change materials in residential buildings: A comparative study
Alam, Morshed, Sanjayan, Jay, Zou, Patrick X.W., Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan and Wilson, John. 2017. "Evaluating the passive and free cooling application methods of phase change materials in residential buildings: A comparative study." Energy and Buildings. 148, pp. 238-256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.05.018
Fault tree analysis method for deterioration of timber bridges using an Australian case study
Lokuge, Weena, Gamage, Nirdosha and Setunge, Sujeeva. 2016. "Fault tree analysis method for deterioration of timber bridges using an Australian case study." Built Environment Project and Asset Management. 6 (3), pp. 332-344. https://doi.org/10.1108/BEPAM-01-2016-0001
Framework to inspect floodways towards estimating damage
Wahalathantri, Buddhi L., Lokuge, Weena, Karunasena, Warna and Setunge, Sujeeva. 2015. "Framework to inspect floodways towards estimating damage." Annual Conference of the Australasian Fire and Emergency Service Authorities Council and Bushfire & Natural Hazards CRC (AFAC15): New Directions in Emergency Management. Adelaide, Australia 01 - 03 Sep 2015 Australia.
Use of geopolymer concrete in column applications
Lokuge, Weena, Sanjayan, Jay and Setunge, Sujeeva. 2015. "Use of geopolymer concrete in column applications." 27th Biennial National Conference of the Concrete Institute of Australia (Concrete 2015) in conjunction with the 69th RILEM Week: Construction Innovations, Research into Practice. Melbourne, Australia 30 Aug - 02 Sep 2015 Australia.
Evaluation of case study concrete bridges in Victoria under effects of bushfire
Lokuge, Weena, Mohseni, Hessam, Setunge, Sujeeva and Simpson, Scott. 2015. "Evaluation of case study concrete bridges in Victoria under effects of bushfire." 5th International Conference on Building Resilience. Newcastle, Australia 15 - 17 Jul 2015 Newcastle, Australia.
Emergency service demand in Queensland during natural disasters
Wahalathantri, Buddhi, Lokuge, Weena, Karunasena, Warna and Setunge, Sujeeva. 2015. "Emergency service demand in Queensland during natural disasters." 5th International Conference on Building Resilience. Newcastle, Australia 15 - 17 Jul 2015 Newcastle, Australia.
Influence of single and multiple skin-core debonding on free vibration characteristics of innovative GFRP sandwich panels
Jayatilake, Indunil, Karunasena, Warna and Lokuge, Weena. 2016. "Influence of single and multiple skin-core debonding on free vibration characteristics of innovative GFRP sandwich panels." International Journal of Mechanical, Aerospace, Industrial and Mechatronics Engineering. 9 (5), pp. 800-804.
Deriving damage indices for concrete girder bridges subjected to flood loading
Kalendher, F., Setunge, S., Mohseni, H. and Lokuge, W.. 2015. "Deriving damage indices for concrete girder bridges subjected to flood loading." 6th International Conference on Structural Engineering and Construction Management (CSECM) 2015. Kandy, Sri Lanka 11 - 14 Dec 2015
Behaviour of hollow pultruded GFRP square beams with different shear span-to-depth ratios
Muttashar, Majid, Karunasena, Warna, Manalo, Allan and Lokuge, Weena. 2016. "Behaviour of hollow pultruded GFRP square beams with different shear span-to-depth ratios." Journal of Composite Materials. 50 (21), pp. 2925-2940. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998315614993
Vulnerability of floodways under extreme flood events
Wahalathantri, Buddhi Lankananda, Lokuge, Weena, Karunasena, Warna and Setunge, Sujeeva. 2015. "Vulnerability of floodways under extreme flood events." Natural Hazards Review. 17 (1). https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)NH.1527-6996.0000194
Ductility enhancement of geopolymer concrete columns using FRP confinement
Lokuge, Weena and Karunasena, Warna. 2016. "Ductility enhancement of geopolymer concrete columns using FRP confinement." Journal of Composite Materials. 50 (14), pp. 1887-1896. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998315597553
Parametric analysis for performance enhancement of phase change materials in naturally ventilated buildings
Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan, Wang, Xiaoming, Alam, Morshed, Sanjayan, Jay and Wilson, John. 2016. "Parametric analysis for performance enhancement of phase change materials in naturally ventilated buildings." Energy and Buildings. 124, pp. 35-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.04.065
Application of Phase Change Materials to Reduce Heat Related Risks During Extreme Heat Waves in Australian Dwellings
Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan, Wang, Xiaoming, Sanjayan, Jay and Wilson, John. 2016. "Application of Phase Change Materials to Reduce Heat Related Risks During Extreme Heat Waves in Australian Dwellings." Applied Energy Symposium and Summit 2015 (CUE 2015). Fuzhou, China 15 - 17 Nov 2015 Netherlands. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2016.06.052
A novel paraffin/expanded perlite composite phase change material for prevention of PCM leakage in cementitious composites
Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan, Sanjayan, Jay, Wang, Xiaoming, Alam, Morshed and Wilson, John. 2015. "A novel paraffin/expanded perlite composite phase change material for prevention of PCM leakage in cementitious composites." Applied Energy. 157, pp. 85-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.08.019
Vulnerability of road bridge infrastructure under extreme flood events
Setunge, Sujeeva, Lokuge, Weena, Mohseni, Hessam and Karunasena, Warna. 2014. "Vulnerability of road bridge infrastructure under extreme flood events." AFAC and Bushfire and Natural Hazards CRC Conference 2014. Wellington, New Zealand 02 - 05 Sep 2014
Fibre reinforced geopolymer concrete with ambient curing for in-situ applications
Reed, Mark, Lokuge, Weena and Karunasena, Warna. 2014. "Fibre reinforced geopolymer concrete with ambient curing for in-situ applications." Journal of Materials Science. 49 (12), pp. 4297-4304. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-014-8125-3
Investigating the performance of floodway in an extreme flood event
Lokuge, Weena, Setunge, Sujeeva and Karunasena, Warna. 2014. "Investigating the performance of floodway in an extreme flood event." Li, Chun Qing, Setunge, Sujeeva and de Silva, Saman (ed.) 1st International Conference on Infrastructure Failures and Consequences (ICIFC 2014). Melbourne, Australia 16 - 20 Jul 2014 Melbourne, Australia.
Effect of strain rate on geopolymer concrete
Lokuge, Weena, Karunasena, W. and Heemskerk, Colin. 2013. "Effect of strain rate on geopolymer concrete." Dao, Vinh and Dux, Peter (ed.) Concrete Institute of Australia's Biennial National Conference (Concrete 2013): Understanding Concrete. Gold Coast, Australia 16 - 18 Oct 2013 Sydney, Australia.
Flexural and axial behavior of pultruded GFRP hollow sections filled with low strength concrete
Muttashar, Majid, Manalo, Allan, Karunasena, Warna and Lokuge, Weena. 2014. "Flexural and axial behavior of pultruded GFRP hollow sections filled with low strength concrete." Australasian Composites Conference (CA 2014): Materials for a Lighter and Smarter World. Newcastle, Australia 07 - 09 Apr 2014 Melbourne, Australia.
Free vibration behaviour of fibre composite sandwich beams with debonds
Karunasena, W., Jayatilake, I. and Lokuge, W.. 2013. "Free vibration behaviour of fibre composite sandwich beams with debonds." Dissanayake, Ranjith and Jayasinghe, Thishan (ed.) 4th International Conference on Structural Engineering and Construction Management 2013 (ICSECM 2013). Kandy, Sri Lanka 13 - 15 Dec 2013 Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
Structural evaluation of concrete expanded polystyrene sandwich panels for slab applications
Bajracharya, R. M., Lokuge, W. P., Karunasena, W., Lau, K. T. and Mosallam, A. S.. 2013. "Structural evaluation of concrete expanded polystyrene sandwich panels for slab applications." Samali, Bijan, Attard, Mario M. and Song, Chongmin (ed.) 22nd Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials (ACMSM22). Sydney, Australia 11 - 14 Dec 2012 London, United Kingdom.
A mathematical model for complete stress-strain curve prediction of permeable concrete
Hussin, M. K., Zhuge, Y., Bullen, F. and Lokuge, W. P.. 2013. "A mathematical model for complete stress-strain curve prediction of permeable concrete." Samali, Bijan, Attard, Mario M. and Song, Chongmin (ed.) 22nd Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials (ACMSM22). Sydney, Australia 11 - 14 Dec 2012 London, United Kingdom.
Dynamic behaviour of debonded GFRP composite beams
Jayatilake, Indunil, Karunasena, Warna and Lokuge, Weena. 2013. "Dynamic behaviour of debonded GFRP composite beams." Journal of Multifunctional Composites. 1 (2), pp. 113-122. https://doi.org/10.12783/issn.2168-4286/1.2/Jayatilake
Comparative assessment of polymer concrete with different types of resin
Lokuge, Weena and Aravinthan, Thiru. 2013. "Comparative assessment of polymer concrete with different types of resin." Dao, Vinh and Dux, Peter (ed.) Concrete Institute of Australia's Biennial National Conference (Concrete 2013): Understanding Concrete. Gold Coast, Australia 16 - 18 Oct 2013 Sydney, Australia.
Evaluating disaster resilience of bridge infrastructure when exposed to extreme natural events
Lokuge, Weena and Setunge, Sujeeva. 2013. "Evaluating disaster resilience of bridge infrastructure when exposed to extreme natural events." 3rd International Conference on Building Resilience: Individual, Institutional and Societal Coping Strategies to Address the Challenges Associated with Disaster Risk. Heritance Ahungalla, Sri Lanka 17 - 19 Sep 2013 Ahungalla, Sri Lanka.
Effect of fly ash on the behaviour of polymer concrete with different types of resin
Lokuge, Weena and Aravinthan, Thiru. 2013. "Effect of fly ash on the behaviour of polymer concrete with different types of resin." Materials and Design. 51, pp. 175-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2013.03.078
Geopolymer concrete with FRP confinement
Lokuge, W., Eberhard, D. and Karunasena, W.. 2012. "Geopolymer concrete with FRP confinement." Bai, Yu, Bandyopadhyay, Sri, Zhao, X. L., Singh, R. and Rizkalla, S. (ed.) 6th International Composites Conference (ACUN 6): Composites and Nanocomposites in Civil, Offshore and Mining Infrastructure. Melbourne, Australia 14 - 16 Nov 2012 Melbourne, Australia.
Engaging distance students through online tutorials
Devine, Jo and Lokuge, Weena. 2012. "Engaging distance students through online tutorials." Mann, Llewellyn and Daniel, Scott (ed.) 23rd Annual Conference of the Australasian Association for Engineering Education (AAEE 2012). Melbourne, Australia 03 - 05 Dec 2012 Melbourne, Australia.
Investigation of some fundamental properties of permeable concrete
Hussin, Manal, Zhuge, Yan, Bullen, Frank and Lokuge, Weena. 2012. "Investigation of some fundamental properties of permeable concrete." International Conference on Emerging Materials and Mechanics Applications (ICEMMA 2012):. Hangzhou, China 05 - 06 Feb 2012 Zurich, Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.487.869
Compressive strength characterization of polyester based fillers
Sirimanna, Chamila Sampath, Lokuge, Weena, Islam, Md Mainul and Aravinthan, Thiru. 2012. "Compressive strength characterization of polyester based fillers." Advanced Materials Research. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.410.32
Laboratory evaluation of the stress-strain relationship of permeable concrete
Hussin, Manal, Zhuge, Yan, Bullen, Frank and Lokuge, Weena. 2011. "Laboratory evaluation of the stress-strain relationship of permeable concrete." Advanced Materials Research. 243-24, pp. 3259-3262. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.243-249.3259
Stress-strain model for high strength concrete confined by FRP
Lokuge, W. P., Setunge, S. and Sanjayan, J. G.. 2011. "Stress-strain model for high strength concrete confined by FRP." Fragomeni, Sam, Venkatesan, Srikanth, Lam, Nelson T. K. and Setunge, Sujeeva (ed.) 21st Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials (ACMSM 21). Melbourne, Australia 07 - 10 Dec 2010 Leiden, Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1201/b10571-85
Influence of fly ash proportions on properties of polymer concrete with polyester resin
Lokuge, Weena, Aravinthan, Thiru, Sirimanna, Chamila Sampath and Islam, Mainul. 2011. "Influence of fly ash proportions on properties of polymer concrete with polyester resin." 25th Biennial Conference of the Concrete Institute of Australia (Concrete 2011): Building a Sustainable Future. Perth, Australia 12 - 14 Oct 2011 Sydney, Australia.
Effects of fibres on geopolymer concrete
Lokuge, Weena. 2012. "Effects of fibres on geopolymer concrete." 2012 Southern Regional Engineering Conference (SREC 2012). Toowoomba, Australia 01 Sep 2012 Canberra, Australia.
Triaxial test results of high-strength concrete subjected to cyclic loading
Lokuge, Weena, Sanjayan, J. G. and Setunge, Sujeeva. 2003. "Triaxial test results of high-strength concrete subjected to cyclic loading." Magazine of Concrete Research. 55 (4), pp. 321-329.
Constitutive model for confined high strength concretes subjected to cyclic loading
Lokuge, Weena, Sanjayan, J. G. and Setunge, Sujeeva. 2004. "Constitutive model for confined high strength concretes subjected to cyclic loading." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering. 16 (4), pp. 297-305. https://doi.org/10.1061/~ASCE!0899-1561~2004!16:4~297!
Stress-strain model for laterally confined concrete
Lokuge, Weena P., Sanjayan, J. G. and Setunge, Sujeeva. 2005. "Stress-strain model for laterally confined concrete." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering. 17 (6), pp. 607-616. https://doi.org/10.1061/ASCE0899-1561200517:6607