Flexural behaviour of circular timber columns strengthened by glass fibre reinforced polymer wrapping system
Article
Otoom, Omar F., Lokuge, Weena, Karunasena, Warna, Manalo, Allan C., Ozbakkaloglu, Togay and Ehsani, Mohammad R.. 2022. "Flexural behaviour of circular timber columns strengthened by glass fibre reinforced polymer wrapping system." Structures. 38, pp. 1349-1367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2022.02.070
| Article Title | Flexural behaviour of circular timber columns strengthened by glass fibre reinforced polymer wrapping system |
|---|---|
| ERA Journal ID | 211389 |
| Article Category | Article |
| Authors | Otoom, Omar F. (Author), Lokuge, Weena (Author), Karunasena, Warna (Author), Manalo, Allan C. (Author), Ozbakkaloglu, Togay (Author) and Ehsani, Mohammad R. (Author) |
| Journal Title | Structures |
| Journal Citation | 38, pp. 1349-1367 |
| Number of Pages | 19 |
| Year | 2022 |
| Publisher | Elsevier |
| Place of Publication | United Kingdom |
| ISSN | 2352-0124 |
| Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2022.02.070 |
| Web Address (URL) | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235201242200162X |
| Abstract | Prefabricated glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) wrapping systems have been established as an attractive retrofitting technique for structural columns in various applications. Further exploration is needed to evaluate their contribution to the flexural performance of timber columns due to their inevitable exposure to bending under different loads, such as wave actions, wind, and earthquake, among the others. This study investigates the contribution of GFRP wrapping systems to the capacity of timber columns tested under three-point bending. Eight unwrapped and GFRP-wrapped circular timber columns with annular space filled by grout or epoxy materials were tested. The inclusion of carbon FRP (CFRP) straps within the epoxy infill was also investigated. The flexural load-midspan deflection, longitudinal strain responses, and failure modes were carefully studied. Finite element modelling (FEM) and theoretical analyses were performed and compared with the experimental results. The results revealed that GFRP-wrapped columns with epoxy infills exhibited a significant increase in flexural capacity by up to 95% compared with unwrapped columns. The results also showed that the provision of epoxy infill along with CFRP straps within the wrapping system can substantially improve the energy absorption of timber columns whilst, those with grout infills revealed a remarkable increase in ductility compared with unwrapped columns. The results predicted by FEM and theoretical analyses were in good agreement with experiments. This study demonstrated that the studied GFRP wrapping system is an adequate strengthening technique that can improve the flexural performance of circular timber columns. |
| Keywords | GFRP wrapping system, Strengthening, Timber columns, Flexural behaviour, Finite element modelling |
| ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 400511. Timber engineering |
| 400510. Structural engineering | |
| Byline Affiliations | Centre for Future Materials |
| Texas State University, United States | |
| QuakeWrap, United States | |
| Institution of Origin | University of Southern Queensland |
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Navaratnam, Satheeskumar, Herath, Nilupa, Lokuge, Weena, Thamboo, Julian and Poologanathan, Keerthan. 2021. "Performance of timber girders with end-notch: Experimental and numerical investigation." Structures. 29, pp. 730-740. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2020.11.075Effect of Different Constituent Fiber, Resin, and Sizing Combinations on Alkaline Resistance of Basalt, Carbon, and Glass FRP Bars
Benmokrane, B., Hassan, M., Robert, M., Vijay, P. V. and Manalo, A.. 2020. "Effect of Different Constituent Fiber, Resin, and Sizing Combinations on Alkaline Resistance of Basalt, Carbon, and Glass FRP Bars." Journal of Composites for Construction. 24 (3), pp. 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0001009Design of Alkali-Activated Slag-Fly Ash Concrete Mixtures Using Machine Learning
Gunasekara, C., Lokuge, W., Keskic, M., Raj, N., Law, D. W. and Setunge, S.. 2020. "Design of Alkali-Activated Slag-Fly Ash Concrete Mixtures Using Machine Learning." ACI Materials Journal. 117 (5), pp. 263-278. https://doi.org/10.14359/51727019Characteristics, strength development and microstructure of cement mortar containing oil-contaminated sand
Abousnina, Rajab, Manalo, Allan, Ferdous, Wahid, Lokuge, Weena, Benabed, Benchaa and Al-Jabri, Khalifa Saif. 2020. "Characteristics, strength development and microstructure of cement mortar containing oil-contaminated sand." Construction and Building Materials. 252, pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.119155Manufacturing and structural performance of glass-fiber-reinforced precast-concrete boat ramp planks
Manalo, A.C., Alajarmeh, O., Cooper, D., Sorbello, C. D., Weerakoon, S. Z. and Benmokrane, B.. 2020. "Manufacturing and structural performance of glass-fiber-reinforced precast-concrete boat ramp planks." Structures. 28, pp. 37-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2020.08.041Influence of prism geometry on the compressive strength of concrete masonry
Abasi, Ali, Hassanli, Reza, Vincent, Thomas and Manalo, Allan. 2020. "Influence of prism geometry on the compressive strength of concrete masonry." Construction and Building Materials. 264, pp. 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120182Degradation mechanism of glass fiber/vinylester-based composite materials under accelerated and natural aging
Hota, Gangarao, Barker, William and Manalo, Allan. 2020. "Degradation mechanism of glass fiber/vinylester-based composite materials under accelerated and natural aging." Construction and Building Materials. 256, pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.119462Experimental Study on Compressive Behavior of FRP-Confined Expansive Rubberized Concrete
Hassanli, Reza, Youssf, Osama, Vincent, Tom, Mills, Julie E., Manalo, Allan and Gravina, Rebecca. 2020. "Experimental Study on Compressive Behavior of FRP-Confined Expansive Rubberized Concrete." Journal of Composites for Construction. 24 (4), pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0001038Self-healing polymers: Synthesis methods and applications
Reddy, Kakarla Raghava, El-Zein, Abbas, Airey, David W., Alonso-Marroquin, Fernando, Schubel, Peter and Manalo, Allan. 2020. "Self-healing polymers: Synthesis methods and applications." Nano-Structures and Nano-Objects. 23, pp. 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoso.2020.100500Comparative durability of GFRP composite reinforcing bars in concrete and in simulated concrete environments
Manalo, Allan, Maranan, Ginghis, Benmokrane, Brahim, Cousin, Patrice, Alajarmeh, Omar, Ferdous, Wahid, Liang, Ray and Hota, Gangarao. 2021. "Comparative durability of GFRP composite reinforcing bars in concrete and in simulated concrete environments." Cement and Concrete Composites. 109, pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2020.103564Static behaviour of glass fibre reinforced novel composite sleepers for mainline railway track
Ferdous, Wahid, Manalo, Allan, Alajarmeh, Omar, Mohammed, Ali A., Salih, Choman, Yu, Peng, Mehrinejad Khotbehsara, Mojdeh and Schubel, Peter. 2021. "Static behaviour of glass fibre reinforced novel composite sleepers for mainline railway track." Engineering Structures. 229, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.111627State-of-the-art of prefabricated FRP composite jackets for structural repair
Mohammed, Ali A., Manalo, Allan C., Ferdous, Wahid, Zhuge, Yan, Vijay, P. V., Alkinani, Ashraf Q. and Fam, Amir. 2020. "State-of-the-art of prefabricated FRP composite jackets for structural repair." Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal. 23 (5), pp. 1244-1258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jestch.2020.02.006Design considerations for prefabricated composite jackets for structural repair: Parametric investigation and case study
Mohammed, Ali A., Manalo, Allan, Ferdous, Wahid, Abousnina, Rajab, Alajarmeh, Omar, Vijay, P.V. and Benmokrane, Brahim. 2021. "Design considerations for prefabricated composite jackets for structural repair: Parametric investigation and case study." Composite Structures. 261, pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.113288Effects of ultraviolet solar radiation on the properties of particulate-filled epoxy based polymer coating
Mehrinejad Khotbehsara, Mojdeh, Manalo, Allan, Aravinthan, Thiru, Turner, Joanna, Ferdous, Wahid and Hota, Gangarao. 2020. "Effects of ultraviolet solar radiation on the properties of particulate-filled epoxy based polymer coating." Polymer Degradation and Stability. 181, pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109352Mechanical and thermal properties of glass fiber–vinyl ester resin composite for pipeline repair exposed to hot-wet conditioning
Shamsuddoha, Md, Djukic, Luke P., Islam, Md Mainul, Aravinthan, Thiru and Manalo, Allan. 2017. "Mechanical and thermal properties of glass fiber–vinyl ester resin composite for pipeline repair exposed to hot-wet conditioning." Journal of Composite Materials. 51 (11), pp. 1605-1617. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998316661869State-of-the-art review on FRP sandwich systems for lightweight civil infrastructure
Manalo, Allan, Aravinthan, Thiru, Fam, Amir and Benmokrane, Brahim. 2017. "State-of-the-art review on FRP sandwich systems for lightweight civil infrastructure." Journal of Composites for Construction. 21 (1), pp. 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000729Performance of Bridges with Damaged Elements in Extreme Flood Events
Lokuge, W., Fraser, C. and Karunasena, W.. 2020. "Performance of Bridges with Damaged Elements in Extreme Flood Events." Wang, Chien Ming, Ho, Johnny C.M. and Kitipornchai, Sritawat (ed.) 25th Australasian Conference on Mechanics of Structures and Materials (ACMSM25). Brisbane, Australia 04 - 07 Dec 2018 Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7603-0_40Numerical Investigation on Hollow Pultruded Fibre Reinforced Polymer Tube Columns
Al-Saadi, A.U., Aravinthan, T. and Lokuge, W.. 2020. "Numerical Investigation on Hollow Pultruded Fibre Reinforced Polymer Tube Columns." Wang, Chien Ming, Ho, Johnny C.M. and Kitipornchai, Sritawat (ed.) 25th Australasian Conference on Mechanics of Structures and Materials (ACMSM25). Brisbane, Australia 04 - 07 Dec 2018 Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7603-0_45Floodway Design Process Revisted
Greene, I., Lokuge, W. and Karunasena, W.. 2020. "Floodway Design Process Revisted." Wang, Chien Ming, Ho, Johnny C.M. and Kitipornchai, Sritawat (ed.) 25th Australasian Conference on Mechanics of Structures and Materials (ACMSM25). Brisbane, Australia 04 - 07 Dec 2018 Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7603-0_94Flexural Behavior of Functionally Graded-Graphene Reinforced Composite Plates
Rasappagari, M.R.R., Karunasena, W. and Lokuge, W.. 2020. "Flexural Behavior of Functionally Graded-Graphene Reinforced Composite Plates." Wang, Chen Ming, Ho, Johnny C.M. and Kitipornchai, Sritawat (ed.) 25th Australasian Conference on Mechanics of Structures and Materials (ACMSM25). Brisbane, Australia 04 - 07 Dec 2018 Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7603-0_22Rehabilitation of timber bridge piles using a wrapping system
Borzou, R. and Lokuge, W.. 2018. "Rehabilitation of timber bridge piles using a wrapping system." Powers, Nigel, Frangopol, Dan M., Al-Mahaidi, Riadh and Caprani, Colin (ed.) 9th International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management (IABMAS 2018). Melbourne, Australia 09 - 13 Jul 2018 London, United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315189390-281Structural design of floodways under extreme flood loading
Greene, Isaac, Lokuge, Weena and Karunasena, Warna. 2020. "Structural design of floodways under extreme flood loading." International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment. 11 (4), pp. 535-555. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJDRBE-10-2019-0072A New Design-Oriented Model of Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Reinforced Hollow Concrete Columns
Alajarmeh, O. S., Manalo, A. C., Benmokrane, B., Karunasena, W., Ferdous, W. and Mendis, P.. 2020. "A New Design-Oriented Model of Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Reinforced Hollow Concrete Columns." ACI Structural Journal. 117 (2), pp. 141-156. https://doi.org/10.14359/51720204Behavior of circular concrete columns reinforced with hollow composite sections and GFRP bars
Alajarmeh, Omar, Manalo, Allan, Benmokrane, Brahim, Ferdous, Wahid, Mohammed, Ali, Abousnina, Rajab, Elchalakani, Mohamed and Edoo, Azam. 2020. "Behavior of circular concrete columns reinforced with hollow composite sections and GFRP bars." Marine Structures. 72, pp. 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2020.102785Vulnerability assessment of bridges subjected to extreme cyclonic events
Pathiranage, Thilini and Lokuge, Weena. 2020. "Vulnerability assessment of bridges subjected to extreme cyclonic events." Natural Hazards. 102 (1), pp. 401-417. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-020-03931-yAgeing of particulate-filled epoxy resin under hygrothermal conditions
Mehrinejad Khotbehsara, Mojdeh, Manalo, Allan, Aravinthan, Thiru, Ferdous, Wahid, Nguyen, Kate T.Q. and Hota, Gangarao. 2020. "Ageing of particulate-filled epoxy resin under hygrothermal conditions." Construction and Building Materials. 249, pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.118846Experimental and numerical evaluations on the behaviour of structures repaired using prefabricated FRP composites jacket
Mohammed, Ali A., Manalo, Allan C., Ferdous, Wahid, Zhuge, Yan, Vijay, P.V. and Pettigrew, John. 2020. "Experimental and numerical evaluations on the behaviour of structures repaired using prefabricated FRP composites jacket." Engineering Structures. 210, pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.110358Testing and modelling the fatigue behaviour of GFRP composites – Effect of stress level, stress concentration and frequency
Ferdous, Wahid, Manalo, Allan, Peauril, Joshua, Salih, Choman, Reddy, Kakarla Raghava, Yu, Peng, Schubel, Peter and Heyer, Tom. 2020. "Testing and modelling the fatigue behaviour of GFRP composites – Effect of stress level, stress concentration and frequency." Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal. 23 (5), pp. 1223-1232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jestch.2020.01.001Flexural behaviour of concrete slabs reinforced with GFRP bars and hollow composite reinforcing systems
Al-Rubaye, Mohammed, Manalo, Allan, Alajarmeh, Omar, Ferdous, Wahid, Lokuge, Weena, Benmokrane, Brahim and Edoo, Azam. 2020. "Flexural behaviour of concrete slabs reinforced with GFRP bars and hollow composite reinforcing systems." Composite Structures. 236, pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2019.111836Effectiveness of a novel composite jacket in repairing damaged reinforced concrete structures subject to flexural loads
Mohammed, Ali A., Manalo, Allan C., Maranan, Ginghis B., Muttashar, Majid, Zhuge, Yan, Vijay, P. V. and Pettigrew, John. 2020. "Effectiveness of a novel composite jacket in repairing damaged reinforced concrete structures subject to flexural loads." Composite Structures. 233, pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2019.111634Joint strength of single-bolted pultruded GFRP square hollow sections with mechanical inserts under elevated temperatures
Hizam, R. M., Manalo, Allan C., Karunasena, Warna and Bai, Yu. 2020. "Joint strength of single-bolted pultruded GFRP square hollow sections with mechanical inserts under elevated temperatures." Journal of Composites for Construction. 24 (1), pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000984.Out-of-grade sawn pine: a state-of-the-art review on challenges and new opportunities in cross laminated timber (CLT)
Cherry, Rebecca, Manalo, Allan, Karunasena, Warna and Stringer, Geoff. 2019. "Out-of-grade sawn pine: a state-of-the-art review on challenges and new opportunities in cross laminated timber (CLT)." Construction and Building Materials. 211, pp. 858-868. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.03.293Performance of an innovative composite railway sleeper
Ferdous, Wahid, Manalo, Allan and Aravinthan, Thiru. 2017. "Performance of an innovative composite railway sleeper." 2017 Advanced Composites Innovation Conference. Gold Coast, Australia 28 - 30 Mar 2017Effect of elevated in-service temperature on the mechanical properties and microstructure of particulate-filled epoxy polymers
Mehrinejad Khotbehsara, Mojdeh, Manalo, Allan, Aravinthan, Thiru, Reddy, Kakarla Raghava, Ferdous, Wahid, Wong, Hong and Nazari, Ali. 2019. "Effect of elevated in-service temperature on the mechanical properties and microstructure of particulate-filled epoxy polymers." Polymer Degradation and Stability. 170, pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2019.108994Flexural behavior of geopolymer-concrete beams longitudinally reinforced with GFRP and steel hybrid reinforcements
Maranan, G. B., Manalo, A. C., Benmokrane, B., Karunasena, W., Mendis, P. and Nguyen, T. Q.. 2019. "Flexural behavior of geopolymer-concrete beams longitudinally reinforced with GFRP and steel hybrid reinforcements." Engineering Structures. 182, pp. 141-152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.12.073Behavior of Damaged Concrete Columns Repaired with Novel FRP Jacket
Mohammed, Ali A., Manalo, Allan C., Maranan, Ginghis B., Zhuge, Yan, Vijay, P. V. and Pettigrew, John. 2019. "Behavior of Damaged Concrete Columns Repaired with Novel FRP Jacket." Journal of Composites for Construction. 23 (3), pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000942
Composites for alternative railway sleepers
Ferdous, W., Manalo, A., Muttashar, M., Yu, P., Kakarla, R., Salih, C. and Schubel, P.. 2020. "Composites for alternative railway sleepers." 16th East Asian-Pacific Conference on Structural Engineering and Construction. Brisbane, Australia 04 - 06 Dec 2019 Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8079-6_26Floodways and Flood-Related Experiences: A Survey of Industry Experts and Asset Owners
Greene, I., Lokuge, W. and Karunasena, K.. 2020. "Floodways and Flood-Related Experiences: A Survey of Industry Experts and Asset Owners." Engineering for Public Works. 19, pp. 69-75.Hollow concrete columns: review of structural behavior and new designs using GFRP reinforcement
Alajarmeh, O. S., Manalo, A. C., Benmokrane, B., Karunasena, K., Ferdous, W. and Mendis, P.. 2020. "Hollow concrete columns: review of structural behavior and new designs using GFRP reinforcement." Engineering Structures. 203, pp. 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.109829Novel testing and characterization of GFRP bars in compression
Alajarmeh, O. S., Manalo, A. C., Benmokrane, B., Vijay, P. V., Ferdous, W. and Mendis, P.. 2019. "Novel testing and characterization of GFRP bars in compression." Construction and Building Materials. 225, pp. 1112-1126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.07.280Effect of spiral spacing and concrete strength on behavior of GFRP-reinforced hollow concrete columns
Alajarmeh, Omar S., Manalo, Allan C., Benmokrane, Brahim, Karunasena, Warna and Mendis, Priyan. 2020. "Effect of spiral spacing and concrete strength on behavior of GFRP-reinforced hollow concrete columns." Journal of Composites for Construction. 24 (1), pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000987Optimal design for epoxy polymer concrete based on mechanical properties and durability aspects
Ferdous, Wahid, Manalo, Allan, Wong, Hong S., Abousnina, Rajab, Alajarmeh, Omar S., Zhuge, Yan and Schubel, Peter. 2020. "Optimal design for epoxy polymer concrete based on mechanical properties and durability aspects." Construction and Building Materials. 232, pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117229Axial performance of hollow concrete columns reinforced with GFRP composite bars with different reinforcement ratios
Alajarmeh, Omar S., Manalo, Allan C., Benmokrane, Brahim, Karunasena, Warna and Mendis, Priyan. 2019. "Axial performance of hollow concrete columns reinforced with GFRP composite bars with different reinforcement ratios." Composite Structures. 213 (1), pp. 153-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2019.01.096Compressive behavior of axially loaded circular hollow concrete columns reinforced with GFRP bars and spirals
Alajarmeh, O. S., Manalo, A. C., Benmokrane, B., Karunasena, W., Mendis, P. and Nguyen, K. T. Q.. 2019. "Compressive behavior of axially loaded circular hollow concrete columns reinforced with GFRP bars and spirals." Construction and Building Materials. 194, pp. 12-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.11.016