Effect of hydrophobic surface-modified fine aggregates on efflorescence control in geopolymer

Article

Pasupathy, Kirubajiny, Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan and Sanjayan, Jay. 2022. "Effect of hydrophobic surface-modified fine aggregates on efflorescence control in geopolymer." Cement and Concrete Composites. 126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2021.104337
Article Title

Effect of hydrophobic surface-modified fine aggregates on efflorescence control in geopolymer

ERA Journal ID21082
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsPasupathy, Kirubajiny, Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan and Sanjayan, Jay
Journal TitleCement and Concrete Composites
Journal Citation126
Article Number104337
Number of Pages12
Year2022
PublisherElsevier
Place of PublicationUnited Kingdom
ISSN0958-9465
1873-393X
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2021.104337
Web Address (URL)https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0958946521004042
AbstractThe geopolymer concrete (GPC) is susceptible to ion leaching and efflorescence formation and subsequently, affecting the mechanical and durability properties. This study assesses the effect of hydrophobic surface modification of aggregates on controlling the efflorescence in GPC. Two different hydrophobic agents, namely hydrophobic fumed silica and silane crème, were considered for coating sand particles at a varying dosage, and the efflorescence of GPC was measured. The visual observation and the leachate ions measurements indicated that the fumed silica performs better than silane crème in preventing the efflorescence at a significantly lower dosage. This behaviour is attributed to the hydrophobicity of GPC with the hydrophobic agents, where contact angles of 110°, 107° and 52° were observed for 2% of fumed silica, 20% of silane crème and control mix, respectively. Integrating fumed silica also improves the compressive strength while the silane crème showed a detrimental effect, possibly due to retarding the geopolymerization process as observed from the microstructural study. Meanwhile, both surface modification techniques showed good chemical compatibility between hydrophobic coatings and geopolymer products, as revealed from the FT-IR and XRD analyses.
KeywordsEfflorescence; Geopolymer; Hydrophobicity; Leaching; Chemical compatibility ; Durability
Contains Sensitive ContentDoes not contain sensitive content
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020400505. Construction materials
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Byline AffiliationsSwinburne University of Technology
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