Effects of leptin on fetal plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol concentrations and the timing of parturition in the sheep

Article

Yuen, B. S. J., Owens, P. C., Symonds, M. E., Keisler, D. H., McFarlane, J. R., Kauter, K. G. and McMillen, I. C.. 2004. "Effects of leptin on fetal plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol concentrations and the timing of parturition in the sheep." Biology of Reproduction. 70 (6), pp. 1650-1657. https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod.103.025254
Article Title

Effects of leptin on fetal plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol concentrations and the timing of parturition in the sheep

ERA Journal ID22121
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsYuen, B. S. J. (Author), Owens, P. C. (Author), Symonds, M. E. (Author), Keisler, D. H. (Author), McFarlane, J. R. (Author), Kauter, K. G. (Author) and McMillen, I. C. (Author)
Journal TitleBiology of Reproduction
Journal Citation70 (6), pp. 1650-1657
Number of Pages8
Year2004
Place of PublicationMadison, WI. United States
ISSN0006-3363
1529-7268
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod.103.025254
Abstract

We investigated whether leptin can suppress the prepartum activation of the fetal hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and delay the timing of parturition in the sheep. First, we investigated the effects of a 4-day intravascular infusion of recombinant ovine leptin (n = 7) or saline (n = 6) on fetal plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol concentrations, starting from 136 days gestation (i.e., at the onset of the prepartum activation of the fetal HPA axis. The effects of a continuous intrafetal infusion of leptin (n = 7) or saline (n = 5) from 144 days gestation on fetal plasma ACTH and cortisol concentrations and the timing of delivery were also determined in a separate study. There was an increase in fetal plasma ACTH (P < 0.01) and cortisol (P < 0.001) concentrations when saline was infused between 136-137 and 140-141 days gestation. Plasma ACTH and cortisol concentrations did not rise, however, when leptin was infused during this period of gestation. When leptin was infused after 144 days gestation, there was no effect of a 4- to 5-fold increase in circulating leptin on fetal ACTH concentrations. In contrast, leptin infusion from 144 days gestation suppressed (P < 0.05) fetal plasma cortisol concentrations by around 40% between 90 and 42 h before delivery. There was no difference, however, in the length of gestation between the saline- and leptin-infused groups (saline infused, 150.2 ± 0.5 days; leptin infused, 149.8 ± 1.0 days). In saline-infused fetuses, there was a significant negative relationship between the plasma concentrations of cortisol (y) and leptin (x) between 138 and 146 days gestation (y = 81.4 - 7.7x, r = 0.38, P < 0.005). This study provides evidence for an endocrine negative feedback loop between leptin and the HPA axis in fetal life.

Keywordsadrenal; cortisol; leptin; pregnancy; animal experiment; corticotropin blood level; delivery; fetus; gestational age; hydrocortisone blood level; hypothalamus hypophysis adrenal system; negative feedback; nonhuman; pregnancy; sheep
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020310999. Zoology not elsewhere classified
300303. Animal nutrition
300305. Animal reproduction and breeding
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Byline AffiliationsUniversity of Adelaide
University Hospital Nottingham, United Kingdom
University of Missouri, United States
University of New England
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