Quantification of odours from piggery effluent ponds using an electronic nose and an artificial neural network

Article

Sohn, Jae Ho, Smith, Rod, Yoong, Ernest, Leis, John W. and Galvin, Geordie. 2003. "Quantification of odours from piggery effluent ponds using an electronic nose and an artificial neural network." Biosystems Engineering. 86 (4), pp. 399-410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2003.09.003
Article Title

Quantification of odours from piggery effluent ponds using an electronic nose and an artificial neural network

ERA Journal ID3455
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsSohn, Jae Ho (Author), Smith, Rod (Author), Yoong, Ernest (Author), Leis, John W. (Author) and Galvin, Geordie (Author)
Journal TitleBiosystems Engineering
Journal Citation86 (4), pp. 399-410
Number of Pages12
Year2003
PublisherElsevier
Place of PublicationLondon, England
ISSN1537-5110
1537-5129
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2003.09.003
Abstract

An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and an electronic nose, AromaScan, were used to predict the piggery odour concentrations emanating from an effluent pond and to develop a confident, rapid, and cost-effective technique for odour measurement. Odour samples from five different piggery effluent ponds were analysed using the AromaScan and dynamic dilution olfactometry. The resulting sensor data were used to train the artificial neural network to correlate the responses to the odour concentrations measured by olfactometry.
Effectiveness was evaluated through simulation with various pre-processing techniques and network architectures. The simulation results have shown that a two-layer back-propagation neural network, which has a tan-sigmoid transfer function in the hidden layer and a linear transfer function in the output layer, could be trained to predict piggery odour concentrations with high value of the correlation coefficient R of 0.984 under the best network performance. The results from the application of scaling and principal component analysis suggest that these techniques are necessary not only to avoid the failure of the network caused by saturation but also to enhance performance. An early stopping technique was shown to provide benefits to the network performance in terms of a decrease in computation time and overfitting. It was found that the optimal number of hidden neurons for the network was 20. Odour concentration of unknown samples were able to be predicted with significant accuracy

Keywordselectronic nose; air flow-rate; emission; gas recovery efficiency; liquid effluent; odour; olfactometry
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020409902. Engineering instrumentation
409901. Agricultural engineering
410404. Environmental management
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Byline AffiliationsDepartment of Primary Industries and Fisheries, Queensland
Department of Agricultural, Civil and Environmental Engineering
Faculty of Engineering and Surveying
Department of Primary Industries, Queensland
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Koech, R. K., Smith, R. J. and Gillies, M. H.. 2011. "Design of an automatic furrow irrigation system utilising adaptive real-time control." Banhazi, T., Saunders, C. and hegarty, R. (ed.) SEAg 2011: Diverse Challenges, Innovative Solutions. Gold Coast, Australia 29 - 30 Sep 2011 Canberra, Australia.
Relating flock activity levels to odour variations in tunnel ventilated broiler sheds - preliminary results
Atzeni, Michael, Sohn, Jae-Ho, Hancock, Nigel and Banhazi, Thomas. 2011. "Relating flock activity levels to odour variations in tunnel ventilated broiler sheds - preliminary results." Banhazi, T., Saunders, C. and Hegarty, R. (ed.) SEAg 2011: Diverse Challenges, Innovative Solutions. Gold Coast, Australia 29 - 30 Sep 2011 Canberra, Australia.
Development of a prototype multi-touch ECG diagnostic decision support system using mobile technology for monitoring cardiac patients at a distance
Lin, Meng Kuan, Mula, Joseph M., Gururajan, Raj and Leis, John W.. 2011. "Development of a prototype multi-touch ECG diagnostic decision support system using mobile technology for monitoring cardiac patients at a distance." Seddon, Peter and Gregor, Shirley (ed.) 15th Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems (PACIS 2011): Quality Research in Pacific Asia. Brisbane, Australia 07 - 11 Jul 2011 Atlanta, GA. United States.
The economics of sprinkler irrigation uniformity for lettuce production with in-season rainfall
Hussain, A., Raine, S. R. and Smith, R. J.. 2009. "The economics of sprinkler irrigation uniformity for lettuce production with in-season rainfall." Banhazi, T. M. and Saunders, C. (ed.) SEAg 2009: Agricultural Technologies In a Changing Climate. Brisbane, Australia 13 - 16 Sep 2009 Brisbane, Queensland.
Evaluation of sap flow sensors to measure the transpiration rate of plants during sprinkler irrigation
Uddin, J., Smith, R. J., Hancock, N. H. and Foley, J.. 2011. "Evaluation of sap flow sensors to measure the transpiration rate of plants during sprinkler irrigation." Banhazi, T., Saunders, C. and Hegarty, R. (ed.) SEAg 2011: Diverse Challenges, Innovative Solutions. Gold Coast, Australia 29 - 30 Sep 2011 Canberra, Australia.
Eddy covariance measurements of the total evaporation during sprinkler irrigation - preliminary results
Uddin, J., Smith, R. J., Hancock, N. H. and Foley, J.. 2011. "Eddy covariance measurements of the total evaporation during sprinkler irrigation - preliminary results." Banhazi, T., Saunders, C. and Hegarty, R. (ed.) SEAg 2011: Diverse Challenges, Innovative Solutions. Gold Coast, Australia 29 - 30 Sep 2011 Canberra, Australia.
Capture and playback of computer screen contents and accompanying audio
Leis, John William. 2010. Capture and playback of computer screen contents and accompanying audio. US-2011-0221898-A1
Student-accessible tools and techniques to aid in teaching network protocols
Norman, Mark and Leis, John. 2004. "Student-accessible tools and techniques to aid in teaching network protocols." 15th Annual Conference of the Australasian Association for Engineering Education (AAEE 2004). Toowoomba, Australia 27 - 29 Sep 2004 Melbourne, Australia.
Identifying major contributing sources to odour annoyance using a non-specific gas sensor array
Sohn, Jae Ho, Pioggia, Giovanni, Craig, Ian P., Stuetz, Richard M. and Atzeni, Michael G.. 2009. "Identifying major contributing sources to odour annoyance using a non-specific gas sensor array." Biosystems Engineering. 102 (3), pp. 305-312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2008.12.010
Estimating the furrow infiltration characteristic from a single advance point
Langat, P. K., Smith, R. J. and Raine, S. R.. 2008. "Estimating the furrow infiltration characteristic from a single advance point." Irrigation Science. 26 (5), pp. 367-374. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-008-0102-7
A decision support model for travelling gun irrigation machines
Smith, Rod, Gillies, Malcolm H., Newell, Geoffrey and Foley, Joseph P.. 2008. "A decision support model for travelling gun irrigation machines." Biosystems Engineering. 100 (1), pp. 126-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2008.01.004
Accounting for temporal inflow variation in the inverse solution for infiltration in surface irrigation
Gillies, Malcolm H., Smith, R. J. and Raine, Steven R.. 2007. "Accounting for temporal inflow variation in the inverse solution for infiltration in surface irrigation ." Irrigation Science. 25 (2), pp. 87-97. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-006-0037-9
An improved error estimation algorithm for stereophonic acoustic echo cancellation systems
Nguyen-Ky, Tai, Leis, John W. and Xiang, Wei. 2007. "An improved error estimation algorithm for stereophonic acoustic echo cancellation systems." Wysocki, Beata J. and Wysocki, Tadeusz A. (ed.) ICSPCS 2007: 1st International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems. Gold Coast, Australia 17 - 19 Dec 2007 Tarrawanna, NSW, Australia.
Quantitative analysis of ternary vapor mixtures using a microcantilever-based electronic nose
Pinnaduwage, L. A., Zhao, W., Gehl, A. C., Allman, S. L., Shepp, A., Mahmud, K. K. and Leis, J. W.. 2007. "Quantitative analysis of ternary vapor mixtures using a microcantilever-based electronic nose." Applied Physics Letters. 91 (4), pp. 1-3. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2763965
Real-time prediction of soil infiltration characteristics for the management of furrow irrigation
Khatri, Kanya L. and Smith, R. J.. 2006. "Real-time prediction of soil infiltration characteristics for the management of furrow irrigation." Irrigation Science. 25 (1), pp. 33-43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-006-0032-1
Effect of water quality on soil structure and infiltration under furrow irrigation
Emdad, Mohammad R., Raine, Steven R., Smith, Rod J. and Fardad, Hossein. 2004. "Effect of water quality on soil structure and infiltration under furrow irrigation." Irrigation Science. 23 (2), pp. 55-60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-004-0093-y
Irrigation application efficiency and deep drainage potential under surface irrigated cotton
Smith, R. J., Raine, Steven R. and Minkevich, John. 2005. "Irrigation application efficiency and deep drainage potential under surface irrigated cotton." Agricultural Water Management. 71 (2), pp. 117-130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2004.07.008
Gas sampling efficiencies and aerodynamic characteristics of a laboratory wind tunnel for odour measurement
Sohn, J. H., Smith, R. J., Hudson, N. A. and Choi, H. L.. 2005. "Gas sampling efficiencies and aerodynamic characteristics of a laboratory wind tunnel for odour measurement." Biosystems Engineering. 92 (1), pp. 37-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2005.05.010
Infiltration parameters from surface irrigation advance and run-off data
Gillies, Malcolm H. and Smith, R. J.. 2005. "Infiltration parameters from surface irrigation advance and run-off data." Irrigation Science. 24 (1), pp. 25-35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-005-0004-x
Automation and control in surface irrigation systems: current status and expected future trends
Koech, Richard, Smith, Rod and Gillies, Malcolm. 2010. "Automation and control in surface irrigation systems: current status and expected future trends." Goh, Steven C. and Wang, Hao (ed.) 2010 Southern Region Engineering Conference (SREC 2010). Toowoomba, Australia 11 - 12 Nov 2010 Toowoomba, Australia.
Median filtering simulation of bursty traffic
Chan, Auc Fai and Leis, John. 2010. "Median filtering simulation of bursty traffic." Wysocki, T. and Wysocki, B. (ed.) ICSPCS 2010: 4th International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems. Gold Coast, Australia 13 - 15 Dec 2010 New York, United States. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSPCS.2010.5709668
Simulation modelling in surface irrigation systems
Koech, Richard, Gillies, Malcolm and Smith, Rod. 2010. "Simulation modelling in surface irrigation systems." Goh, Steven C. and Wang, Hao (ed.) 2010 Southern Region Engineering Conference (SREC 2010). Toowoomba, Australia 11 - 12 Nov 2010 Toowoomba, Australia.
Defining precision irrigation: a new approach to irrigation management
Smith, Rod and Baillie, Justine. 2009. "Defining precision irrigation: a new approach to irrigation management." Irrigation Australia 2009: Irrigation Australia Irrigation and Drainage Conference: Irrigation Today - Meeting the Challenge. Swan Hill, Australia 18 - 21 Oct 2009 Sydney, Australia.
Error-resilient video transmission for 3-D signal over cooperative-MIMO system
Salim, Omar Hazim, Xiang, Wei and Leis, John. 2011. "Error-resilient video transmission for 3-D signal over cooperative-MIMO system." Pascual, Antonio and Fernandez, Carles (ed.) EUSIPCO 2011: 19th European Signal Processing Conference. Barcelona, Spain 29 Aug - 02 Sep 2011 Barcelona, Spain.
Error resilience performance evaluation of H.264 I-frame and JPWL for wireless image transmission
Alajel, Khalid Mohamed, Xiang, Wei and Leis, John. 2010. "Error resilience performance evaluation of H.264 I-frame and JPWL for wireless image transmission." Wysocki, Beata J. and Wysocki, Tadeusz A. (ed.) ICSPCS 2010: 4th International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems. Gold Coast, Australia 13 - 15 Dec 2010 United States. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSPCS.2010.5709766
Performance analysis of error resilience wireless image transmission using H.264/AVC I-frame
Alajel, Khalid Mohamed, Xiang, Wei and Leis, John. 2010. "Performance analysis of error resilience wireless image transmission using H.264/AVC I-frame." Goh, Steven C. and Wang, Hao (ed.) 2010 Southern Region Engineering Conference (SREC 2010). Toowoomba, Australia 11 - 12 Nov 2010 Toowoomba, Australia.
Towards three-dimensional fusion of infrared guidance measurements for biopsy procedures: some preliminary results and design considerations
Sharifi, Behrooz and Leis, John. 2010. "Towards three-dimensional fusion of infrared guidance measurements for biopsy procedures: some preliminary results and design considerations." ICSPCS 2010: 4th International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems. Gold Coast, Australia 13 - 15 Dec 2010 New York, NY. United States. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSPCS.2010.5709650
Soft incremental redundancy for distributed turbo product codes
Obiedat, Esam A., Xiang, Wei, Leis, John and Cao, Lei. 2010. "Soft incremental redundancy for distributed turbo product codes." Balandin, Sergey, Matuszewksi, Marcin and Ott, Jorg (ed.) 7th IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference (CCNC 2010). Las Vegas, United States 09 - 12 Jan 2010 United States. https://doi.org/10.1109/CCNC.2010.5421779
Design of a wireless portable vibration acquisition and analysis instrument
Wang, Gengkun, Xiang, Wei, Leis, John and Wang, Yafeng. 2010. "Design of a wireless portable vibration acquisition and analysis instrument." Chen, Wen and Li, Shaozi (ed.) 2010 IEEE International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Information Security (WCNIS 2010). Beijing, China 25 - 27 Jun 2010 United States. https://doi.org/10.1109/WCINS.2010.5541747
Head ditch hydraulics and the variability of inflows to irrigation furrows
Smith, R. J. and Gillies, M. H.. 2010. "Head ditch hydraulics and the variability of inflows to irrigation furrows." Irrigation and Drainage. 59 (4), pp. 442-452. https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.495
Effects of head geometry and coil position on field distribution under transcranial magnetic stimulation
Shahid, Salman, Wen, Peng, Ahfock, Tony and Leis, John. 2011. "Effects of head geometry and coil position on field distribution under transcranial magnetic stimulation." MECBME 2011: Connecting Professionals in Biomedical Sciences and Technology. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates 21 - 24 Feb 2011 Red Hook, NY. United States. https://doi.org/10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752158
Droplet evaporation losses during sprinkler irrigation: an overview
Uddin, Jasim, Smith, Rod, Hancock, Nigel and Foley, Joseph P.. 2010. "Droplet evaporation losses during sprinkler irrigation: an overview." Montagu, Kelvin (ed.) Australian Irrigation Conference and Exibition 2010: One Water Many Futures. Sydney, Australia 08 - 10 Jun 2010 Sydney, Australia.
An improved new error estimation algorithm for optimal filter lengths for stereophonic acoustic echo cancellation
Nguyen-Ky, T., Leis, J. and Xiang, W.. 2010. "An improved new error estimation algorithm for optimal filter lengths for stereophonic acoustic echo cancellation." Computers and Electrical Engineering. 36 (4), pp. 664-675. https://doi.org/10.1016/jcompeleceng.2008.11.012
Hydraulic characteristics of large diameter gated flexible fluming
Koech, R. K., Smith, R. J. and Gillies, Malcolm H.. 2010. "Hydraulic characteristics of large diameter gated flexible fluming ." Montagu, Kelvin (ed.) Australian Irrigation Conference and Exibition 2010: One Water Many Futures. Sydney, Australia 08 - 10 Jun 2010 Sydney, Australia.
Furrow irrigation in the Australian cotton industry: alternative water delivery systems and their potential for automation
Koech, R. K., Smith, R. J. and Gillies, Malcolm H.. 2010. Furrow irrigation in the Australian cotton industry: alternative water delivery systems and their potential for automation. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
A web-based ECG decision support system using multi-touch function to support cardiac diagnosis
Lin, Meng-Kuan, Gururajan, Raj, Mula, Joseph M., Leis, John W. and Hafeez-Baig, Abdul. 2010. "A web-based ECG decision support system using multi-touch function to support cardiac diagnosis." 5th International Conference on Cooperation and Promotion of Information Resources in Science and Technology: Information Sharing in U-Era (COINFO'10). Beijing, China 27 - 29 Nov 2010
A passive approach to detection of traffic shaping
Norman, Mark and Leis, John. 2010. "A passive approach to detection of traffic shaping." Rahardja, Susanto and Wah, Benjamin (ed.) APSIPA 2010: 2nd Asia-Pacific Signal and Information Processing Association Annual Summit and Conference. Biopolis, Singapore 14 - 17 Dec 2010 Singapore. https://doi.org/10.0107730776
Improving performance of bay irrigation through higher flow rates
Gillies, Malcolm, Smith, Rod, Williamson, Bill and Shanahan, Matthew. 2010. "Improving performance of bay irrigation through higher flow rates." Montagu, Kelvin (ed.) Australian Irrigation Conference and Exibition 2010: One Water Many Futures. Sydney, Australia 08 - 10 Jun 2010 Sydney, Australia.
Estimating gas concentration using a microcantilever-based electronic nose
Leis, John, Zhao, Weichang, Pinnaduwage, Lal A., Gehl, Anthony C., Allman, Steve L., Shepp, Allan and Mahmud, Ken K.. 2010. "Estimating gas concentration using a microcantilever-based electronic nose." Digital Signal Processing. 20 (4), pp. 1229-1237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsp.2009.10.026
The validation of a simple Gaussian dispersion model for determining odour emission rates from area sources
Galvin, Geordie, Lowe, Scott and Smith, Rod. 2004. "The validation of a simple Gaussian dispersion model for determining odour emission rates from area sources." Developments in Chemical Engineering and Mineral Processing. 12 (5/6), pp. 545-558. https://doi.org/10.1002/apj.5500120509
Efficacy and feasibility of a mobile ECG decision support system - a preliminary conceptual model
Lin, Meng-Kuan, Mula, Joseph M., Gururajan, Raj, Leis, John W. and Hafeez-Baig, Abdul. 2010. "Efficacy and feasibility of a mobile ECG decision support system - a preliminary conceptual model." Chen, Houn-Gee and Liang, Ting-Peng (ed.) 14th Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems (PACIS 2010): Service Science in Information Systems Research. Taipei, Taiwan 09 - 12 Jul 2010 Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Characterisation of humidity dependence of a metal oxide semiconductor sensor array using partial least squares
Sohn, Jae Ho, Atzeni, Michael, Zeller, Les and Pioggia, Giovanni. 2008. "Characterisation of humidity dependence of a metal oxide semiconductor sensor array using partial least squares." Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical: international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers. 131 (1), pp. 230-235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2007.11.009
Implementation of an electronic nose for continuous odour monitoring in a poultry shed
Sohn, Jae Ho, Hudson, Neale, Gallagher, Erin, Dunlop, Mark, Zeller, Les and Atzeni, Michael. 2008. "Implementation of an electronic nose for continuous odour monitoring in a poultry shed." Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical: international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers. 133 (1), pp. 60-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2008.01.053
Error resilience analysis of wireless image transmission using JPEG, JPEG 2000 and JPWL
Xiang, Wei, Clemence, Andrew, Leis, John and Wang, Yafeng. 2009. "Error resilience analysis of wireless image transmission using JPEG, JPEG 2000 and JPWL." 7th International Conference on Information, Communications and Signal Processing (ICICS 2009). Macau, China 08 - 10 Dec 2009 Piscataway, NJ. United States. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICICS.2009.5397742
Throughput and fairness of multiple TCP connections in wireless networks
Zhou, Hong, Leis, John W., Hoang, Doan and Nhan, Phuong. 2004. "Throughput and fairness of multiple TCP connections in wireless networks." Wysocki, Beata J. and Wysocki, Tadeusz A. (ed.) 3rd Workshop on the Internet, Telecommunications and Signal Processing (WITSP2004). Adelaide, South Australia 20 - 22 Dec 2004 Tarrawanna, N.S.W., Australia .
An evaluation of a novel wind tunnel design applied to the measurement of the kinetics of odour emissions from piggery effluent
Sohn, Jae Ho, Smith, Rod, Yoong, Ernest, Hudson, Neale A. and Kim, Tae I.. 2004. "An evaluation of a novel wind tunnel design applied to the measurement of the kinetics of odour emissions from piggery effluent." Water Science and Technology. 50 (4), pp. 49-55.
Managing spatial and temporal variability in irrigated agriculture through adaptive control
Smith, R. J., Raine, Steven R., McCarthy, Alison and Hancock, Nigel. 2009. "Managing spatial and temporal variability in irrigated agriculture through adaptive control." Australian Journal of Multi-Disciplinary Engineering. 7 (1), pp. 79-90.
Evaluating the performance of bay irrigation in the GMID
Smith, R. J., Gillies, Malcolm H., Shanahan, Matthew, Campbell, B. and Williamson, Bill. 2009. "Evaluating the performance of bay irrigation in the GMID." Irrigation Australia 2009: Irrigation Australia Irrigation and Drainage Conference: Irrigation Today - Meeting the Challenge. Swan Hill, Australia 18 - 21 Oct 2009 Sydney, New South Wales.
Bankless channel irrigation systems: irrigation performance assessment
Grabham, Michael, Hornbuckle, John, Raine, Steven R. and Smith, Rod. 2009. "Bankless channel irrigation systems: irrigation performance assessment." Irrigation Australia 2009: Irrigation Australia Irrigation and Drainage Conference: Irrigation Today - Meeting the Challenge. Swan Hill, Australia 18 - 21 Oct 2009 Sydney, Australia.
Characterisation of the micro-tube emitters used in a novel micro-sprinkler
de Almeida, Ceres Duarte Guedes Cabral, Botrel, Tarlei Arriel and Smith, Rod J.. 2009. "Characterisation of the micro-tube emitters used in a novel micro-sprinkler." Irrigation Science. 27 (3), pp. 209-214. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-008-0135-y
Empirical functions for dependent variables in cutback furrow irrigation
Navabian, M., Liaghat, A. M., Smith, R. J. and Abbasi, F.. 2009. "Empirical functions for dependent variables in cutback furrow irrigation." Irrigation Science. 27 (3), pp. 215-222. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-008-0138-8
Comparison of weighted average and median filters for wireless retransmission timeout estimation
Chan, Auc Fai and Leis, John. 2008. "Comparison of weighted average and median filters for wireless retransmission timeout estimation." Wysocki, Tadeusz A. and Wysocki, Beata J. (ed.) 2nd International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ICSPCS 2008). Gold Coast, Australia 15 - 17 Dec 2008 Piscataway, NJ. United States. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSPCS.2008.4813668
Identification and quantification of components in ternary vapor mixtures using a microelectromechanical-system-based electronic nose
Zhao, Weichang, Pinnaduwage, Lal A., Leis, John W., Gehl, Anthony C., Allman, Steve L., Shepp, Allan and Mahmud, Ken K.. 2008. "Identification and quantification of components in ternary vapor mixtures using a microelectromechanical-system-based electronic nose." Journal of Applied Physics. 103 (10), pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2921866
Measurement and management of furrow irrigation at the field scale
Gillies, Malcolm H., Smith, R. J. and Raine, Steven R.. 2008. "Measurement and management of furrow irrigation at the field scale." Irrigation Australia 2008: Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference and Exhibition: Share the Water, Share the Benefits. Melbourne, Australia 20 - 22 May 2008
Toward a simple real-time control system for efficient management of furrow irrigation
Khatri, Kanya L. and Smith, R. J.. 2007. "Toward a simple real-time control system for efficient management of furrow irrigation." Irrigation and Drainage. 56 (4), pp. 463-475. https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.319
Managing spatial and temporal variability in irrigated agriculture through adaptive control
Smith, R. J., Raine, Steven R., McCarthy, Alison and Hancock, Nigel. 2007. "Managing spatial and temporal variability in irrigated agriculture through adaptive control." Banhazi, T. M. and Saunders, C. (ed.) SEAg 2007: Agriculture and Engineering - Challenge Today, Technology Tomorrow. Adelaide, Australia 24 - 26 Sep 2007 Australia.
Errors in predicting furrow irrigation performance using single measures of infiltration
Langat, Philip K., Raine, Steven R. and Smith, R. J.. 2007. "Errors in predicting furrow irrigation performance using single measures of infiltration." Irrigation Science. 25 (4), pp. 339-349. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-006-0049-5
EXIT chart analysis of iteratively decodable source codes for wireless multimedia communications
Xiang, Wei and Leis, John W.. 2005. "EXIT chart analysis of iteratively decodable source codes for wireless multimedia communications." Wysocki, B. and Wysocki, T. (ed.) DSPCS/WITSP 2005: 4th Workshop on the Internet, Telecommunications and Signal Processing (WITSP2005). Noosa, Australia 19 - 21 Dec 2005 Sydney, Australia.
Throughput and fairness performance of multiple STT-Vegas connections
Zhang, Zhongwei, Zhou, Hong and Leis, John. 2005. "Throughput and fairness performance of multiple STT-Vegas connections." Sanadidi, M. Y. (ed.) 3rd IASTED International Conference on Communications and Computer Networks. Marina del Rey, United States 24 - 26 Oct 2005 Marina del Rey, USA.
A decision support model for travelling gun irrigation machines
Smith, Rod, Gillies, Malcolm H., Newell, Geoffrey and Foley, Joseph P.. 2007. "A decision support model for travelling gun irrigation machines." CIGR 2006: Agricultural Engineering for a Better World. Bonn, Germany 03 - 07 Sep 2006
Recommended methods for the preconditioning of odourous air prior to treatment in organic biofilters
Craig, Ian, Sohn, Jae Ho and Kim, Tae I.. 2004. Recommended methods for the preconditioning of odourous air prior to treatment in organic biofilters . Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
Real time control of surface irrigation: managing infiltration variations and enhancing furrow irrigation performance
Khatri, K. L., Smith, R. J. and Raine, Steven R.. 2006. "Real time control of surface irrigation: managing infiltration variations and enhancing furrow irrigation performance." Irrigation Australia 2006: Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference and Exhibition. Brisbane, Australia 09 - 11 May 2006 Brisbane.
Is it possible to extract infiltration rates for variable inflow furrow irrigation?
Gillies, Malcolm H., Smith, R. J. and Raine, Steven R.. 2006. "Is it possible to extract infiltration rates for variable inflow furrow irrigation?" Irrigation Australia 2006: Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference and Exhibition. Brisbane, Australia 09 - 11 May 2006 Hornsby, NSW, Australia.
Aggregate flows: for efficient management of large flows in the internet
Addie, Ron, Braithwaite, Stephen, Das Gupta, Jishu and Leis, John W.. 2006. "Aggregate flows: for efficient management of large flows in the internet." WITSP 2006: 5th Workshop on the Internet, Telecommunications and Signal Processing. Hobart, Australia 11 - 13 Dec 2006 Tarrawanna, N.S.W., Australia.
Simulation of performance for a simple real time control system of furrow irrigation
Khatri, K. L. and Smith, R. J.. 2006. "Simulation of performance for a simple real time control system of furrow irrigation." Lorenzini, G. (ed.) 1st International Conference on Sustainable Irrigation Management, Technologies and Policies. Bologna, Italy 05 - 07 Sep 2006 England.
Cryo-electron tomography of biological specimens
Leis, Andrew P., Beck, Martin, Gruska, Manuela, Best, Christoph, Hegerl, Reiner, Baumeister, Wolfgang and Leis, John W.. 2006. "Cryo-electron tomography of biological specimens." IEEE: Signal Processing Magazine. 23 (3), pp. 95-103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbmt.2005.11.292
Process studies of odour emissions from effluent ponds using machine-based odour measurement
Sohn, Jae Ho, Smith, R. J. and Yoong, Ernest. 2006. "Process studies of odour emissions from effluent ponds using machine-based odour measurement." Atmospheric Environment. 40 (7), pp. 1230-1241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.10.035
Evaluation of methods for determining infiltration parameters from irrigation advance data
Khatri, K. L. and Smith, R. J.. 2005. "Evaluation of methods for determining infiltration parameters from irrigation advance data." Irrigation and Drainage. 54 (4), pp. 467-482. https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.198
Exit chart analysis of parallel data convolutional codes
Xiang, Wei, Pietrobon, Steven S. and Leis, John. 2005. "Exit chart analysis of parallel data convolutional codes." Ohta, Naohisa (ed.) 2005 International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ISPACS 2005). Hong Kong, China 13 - 16 Dec 2005 Hong Kong.
Buffering issues in TCP-based services
Leis, John W.. 2002. Buffering issues in TCP-based services. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
Enhancing the performance of vector quantizers for data compression and pattern matching using sorted codebooks
Leis, John W.. 2004. Enhancing the performance of vector quantizers for data compression and pattern matching using sorted codebooks. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
System configuration and IP networking: a team-based laboratory course
Snook, Chris and Leis, John. 2002. "System configuration and IP networking: a team-based laboratory course." Shankar, K. and Burrowes, G. (ed.) 13th Annual Conference of the Australasian Association for Engineering Education (AAEE 2002). Canberra, Australia 30 Sep - 03 Oct 2002 Canberra, Australia.