Measurement and management of furrow irrigation at the field scale

Paper

Gillies, Malcolm H., Smith, R. J. and Raine, Steven R.. 2008. "Measurement and management of furrow irrigation at the field scale." Irrigation Australia 2008: Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference and Exhibition: Share the Water, Share the Benefits. Melbourne, Australia 20 - 22 May 2008
Paper/Presentation Title

Measurement and management of furrow irrigation at the field scale

Presentation TypePaper
AuthorsGillies, Malcolm H. (Author), Smith, R. J. (Author) and Raine, Steven R. (Author)
Number of Pages8
Year2008
Web Address (URL) of Paperhttp://www.irrigationaustralia.com.au/conference/
Conference/EventIrrigation Australia 2008: Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference and Exhibition: Share the Water, Share the Benefits
Event Details
Irrigation Australia 2008: Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference and Exhibition: Share the Water, Share the Benefits
Event Date
20 to end of 22 May 2008
Event Location
Melbourne, Australia
Abstract

Generally, the measurement, evaluation and optimisation of furrow irrigation is restricted to a single furrow or small number of adjacent furrows. The measurement process is too intensive to be applied at the full field scale. Consequently it is necessary to assume that the infiltration characteristics and inflow rates of the measured furrow(s) represent the remainder of the field. Many people have observed or speculated upon the significance of spatial variability but few outline potential strategies to deal with the issue. Clearly, a new approach was required. Research conducted by the authors and others at the NCEA has investigated and developed potential tools and techniques to better evaluate surface irrigation accounting for spatial and temporal variability.

A trial was conducted in a typical commercial cotton field to showcase the tools and techniques to evaluate and optimise irrigation performance at the field scale. The resulting data also provided an insight into the nature of spatial variability. Complete inflow, advance and runoff measurements were used to accurately determine soil infiltration rates for a small number of furrows. Single advance points were then used to predict the infiltration characteristics across the remainder of the field. Combined with the whole field simulation model IrriProb this data enabled evaluation of the true irrigation performance taking into account the inter-furrow variability in infiltration and advance rates. The use of the optimisation component of IrriProb demonstrated the ability to identify the optimal field management to maximise irrigation performance. The evaluated field was found to be operating at near optimal conditions however the analysis identified some further improvements to efficiency and uniformity through the adoption of higher flow rates.

Keywordsirrigation, infiltration, furrow irrigation, surface irrigation, variability, IrriProb, IPARM, SIRMOD, cotton
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020409901. Agricultural engineering
300201. Agricultural hydrology
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Byline AffiliationsCooperative Research Centre for Irrigation Futures
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McCarthy, Alison C., Hancock, Nigel H. and Raine, Steven R.. 2014. "Development and simulation of sensor-based irrigation control strategies for cotton using the VARIwise simulation framework." Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 101, pp. 148-162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2013.12.014
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Moavenshahidi, A., Smith, R. and Gillies, M.. 2014. "A computer model to estimate seepage rates from automated irrigation distribution channels during periods of shutdown." Journal of Hydroinformatics. 16 (6), pp. 1302-1317. https://doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2014.104
Factors affecting the estimation of seepage rates from channel automation data
Moavenshahidi, A., Smith, R. and Gillies, M.. 2014. "Factors affecting the estimation of seepage rates from channel automation data." Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering. 141 (6), pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000842
Evaluation of sap flow sensors to measure the transpiration rate of plants during canopy wetting and drying
Uddin, Jasim, Smith, Rod, Hancock, Nigel and Foley, Joseph. 2014. "Evaluation of sap flow sensors to measure the transpiration rate of plants during canopy wetting and drying." Journal of Agricultural Studies. 2 (2), pp. 105-119. https://doi.org/10.5296/jas.v2i2.6134
Technological and integrated approaches for practical and rapid assessment of compaction in agricultural soils: a review.
Bennett, J. McL., Antille, D. L. and Raine, S. R.. 2013. Technological and integrated approaches for practical and rapid assessment of compaction in agricultural soils: a review. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
Hydraulics of large diameter gated flexible fluming
Koech, Richard, Smith, Rod and Gillies, Malcolm. 2013. "Hydraulics of large diameter gated flexible fluming." Biosystems Engineering. 114 (2), pp. 170-177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2012.12.005
Advances in intelligent and autonomous systems to improve irrigation and fertiliser efficiency
Raine, Steven R. and McCarthy, Alison C.. 2014. "Advances in intelligent and autonomous systems to improve irrigation and fertiliser efficiency." Currie, L. D. and Christensen, C. L. (ed.) Nutrient management for the farm, catchment and community. Palmerston North, New Zealand 18 - 20 Feb 2014 Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Water-use efficiency and productivity trends in Australian irrigated cotton: a review
Roth, Guy, Harris, Graham, Gillies, Malcolm, Montgomery, Janelle and Wigginton, David. 2013. "Water-use efficiency and productivity trends in Australian irrigated cotton: a review." Crop and Pasture Science. 64 (12), pp. 1033-1048. https://doi.org/10.1071/CP13315
Modification of the McNeal clay swelling model improves prediction of saturated hydraulic conductivity as a function of applied water quality
Ezlit, Y. D., Bennett, J. McL., Raine, S. R. and Smith, R. J.. 2013. "Modification of the McNeal clay swelling model improves prediction of saturated hydraulic conductivity as a function of applied water quality." Soil Science Society of America Journal. 77 (6), pp. 2149-2156. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2013.03.0097
Real-time, web-enabled adaptive control and monitoring of surface and overhead irrigation systems
McCarthy, Alison, Gillies, Malcolm and Smith, Rod. 2013. "Real-time, web-enabled adaptive control and monitoring of surface and overhead irrigation systems." Lamb, David (ed.) 1st Digital Rural Futures Conference: Smart Farms - Smart Regions (DRF 2013). Armidale, Australia 26 - 28 Jun 2013 Armidale, Australia.
VARIwise simulation of variable-rate irrigation of cotton via adaptive control: first results
McCarthy, Alison, Hancock, Nigel and Raine, Steven. 2010. "VARIwise simulation of variable-rate irrigation of cotton via adaptive control: first results." 15th Australian Cotton Conference 2010: Fashioning the Future. Gold Coast, Australia 10 - 12 Aug 2010 Gold Coast, Australia.
Annual report 2008: South-East Queensland Irrigation Futures: research and development support
Raine, S. R. and McHugh, A. D.. 2009. Annual report 2008: South-East Queensland Irrigation Futures: research and development support. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
A review of salinity and sodicity in irrigation
Ezlit, Younes D., Smith, Rod J. and Raine, Steven R.. 2010. A review of salinity and sodicity in irrigation. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
A grower guide to plant based sensing for irrigation scheduling
White, S. C. and Raine, S. R.. 2008. A grower guide to plant based sensing for irrigation scheduling. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
Evaporation and sapflow dynamics during sprinkler irrigation of cotton
Uddin, J., Smith, R. J., Hancock, N. H. and Foley, J. P.. 2013. "Evaporation and sapflow dynamics during sprinkler irrigation of cotton." Agricultural Water Management. 125, pp. 35-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2013.04.001
A review of the potential issues associated with using coal seam gas associated water for dust suppression
Bennett, J. McL. and Raine, S. R.. 2012. A review of the potential issues associated with using coal seam gas associated water for dust suppression. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
Real-time adaptive control of furrow irrigation: preliminary results of cotton field trial
McCarthy, Alison, Smith, Rod and Hancock, Nigel. 2012. "Real-time adaptive control of furrow irrigation: preliminary results of cotton field trial." Irrigation Australia Conference (IAL 2012). Adelaide, Australia 24 - 29 Jun 2012 Sydney, Australia.
Real-time model predictive control of surface irrigation for cotton: setup of field trial
McCarthy, Alison, Smith, Rod and Hancock, Nigel. 2012. "Real-time model predictive control of surface irrigation for cotton: setup of field trial." 16th Australian Cotton Conference (ACC 2012): Growing Better all the Time. Gold Coast, Australia 14 - 16 Aug 2012 Gold Coast, Australia.
Seepage rate estimation from total channel control data during periods of shut down: preliminary data quality assessment. Case study: Coleambally irrigation system
Shahidi, A. M., Smith, R. and Gillies, M.. 2013. "Seepage rate estimation from total channel control data during periods of shut down: preliminary data quality assessment. Case study: Coleambally irrigation system." Bjornlund, H., Brebbia, C. A. and Wheeler, S. (ed.) 4th International Conference on Sustainable Irrigation and Drainage: Management, Technologies and Policies . Adelaide, Australia 11 - 13 Dec 2012 Southampton, United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.2495/SI120101
Using treated CSG water for irrigation in the Surat Basin: opportunity or threat?
Raine, Steven. 2012. "Using treated CSG water for irrigation in the Surat Basin: opportunity or threat?" Queensland Mining and Energy Bulletin. Autumn, pp. 36-39.
Review of precision irrigation technologies and their application
Smith, R. J., Baillie, J. N., McCarthy, A. C., Raine, S. R. and Baillie, C. P.. 2010. Review of precision irrigation technologies and their application. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
Threshold electrolyte concentration relationships for soils from Macarthur River
Bennett, J. McL., Raine, S. R. and Eberhard, F.. 2012. Threshold electrolyte concentration relationships for soils from Macarthur River. Towoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
Threshold electrolyte concentration relationships for soils from Roma fields Roleen property
Bennett, J. McL., Raine, S. R. and Eberhard, F.. 2012. Threshold electrolyte concentration relationships for soils from Roma fields Roleen property. Towoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
The impact of rain water on soil pore networks following irrigation with saline-sodic water
Awedat, A. M., Bennett, J. McL., Raine, S. R. and Misra, R. K.. 2012. "The impact of rain water on soil pore networks following irrigation with saline-sodic water." Birkett, Lucy and Sparrow, Leigh (ed.) 5th Joint Australian and New Zealand Soil Science Conference (SSA 2012): Soil Solutions for Diverse Landscapes. Hobart, Australia 02 - 07 Dec 2012 Melbourne, Australia.
Influence of porosity and permeate suspended clay concentration on clay entrainment within a red ferrosol
Awedat, A. M., Raine, S. R., Bennett, J. McL. and Misra, R. K.. 2012. "Influence of porosity and permeate suspended clay concentration on clay entrainment within a red ferrosol." Birkitt, Lucy and Sparrow, Leigh (ed.) 5th Joint Australian and New Zealand Soil Science Conference (SSA 2012): Soil Solutions for Diverse Landscapes. Hobart, Australia 02 - 07 Dec 2012 Melbourne, Australia.
Measurement of evapotranspiration during sprinkler irrigation using a precision energy budget (Bowen ratio, eddy covariance) methodology
Uddin, J., Hancock, N. H., Smith, R. J. and Foley, J. P.. 2013. "Measurement of evapotranspiration during sprinkler irrigation using a precision energy budget (Bowen ratio, eddy covariance) methodology." Agricultural Water Management. 116, pp. 89-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2012.10.008
The soil specific nature of threshold electrolyte concentration analysis
Bennett, J. McL. and Raine, S. R.. 2012. "The soil specific nature of threshold electrolyte concentration analysis." Birkett, L. L. and Sparrow, L. A. (ed.) 5th Joint Australian and New Zealand Soil Science Conference (SSA 2012): Soil Solutions for Diverse Landscapes. Hobart, Australia 02 - 07 Dec 2012 Hobart, Australia.
New approach to estimate the additional water requirements in sprinkler irrigation: a predictive model
Uddin, Jasim, Smith, Rod, Hancock, Nigel and Foley, Joseph. 2012. "New approach to estimate the additional water requirements in sprinkler irrigation: a predictive model." Currey, Anne (ed.) ICID & Irrigation Australia 2012 Conference and Trade Show. Adelaide, Australia 24 - 29 Jun 2012 Sydney, Australia.
A novel technique to measure the total evaporation and its components during sprinkler irrigation
Uddin, Jasim, Smith, Rod, Hancock, Nigel and Foley, Joseph. 2012. "A novel technique to measure the total evaporation and its components during sprinkler irrigation ." Currey, Anne (ed.) ICID & Irrigation Australia 2012 Conference and Trade Show. Adelaide, Australia 24 - 29 Jun 2012 Sydney, Australia.
Advanced process control of irrigation: the current state and an analysis to aid future development
McCarthy, Alison C., Hancock, Nigel H. and Raine, Steven R.. 2013. "Advanced process control of irrigation: the current state and an analysis to aid future development." Irrigation Science. 31 (3), pp. 183-192. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-011-0313-1
Impact of renovating permanent raised beds on water use productivity under vertisol
Akbar, Ghani, Raine, Steven, McHugh, Allen and Hamilton, Greg. 2012. "Impact of renovating permanent raised beds on water use productivity under vertisol." Currey, Anne (ed.) ICID & Irrigation Australia 2012 Conference and Trade Show. Adelaide, Australia 24 - 29 Jun 2012 Sydney, Australia.
A soil management technique to enhance lateral infiltration (subbing) in permanent raised beds
Akbar, Ghani, Raine, Steven, McHugh, Allen and Hamilton, Greg. 2012. "A soil management technique to enhance lateral infiltration (subbing) in permanent raised beds." Currey, Anne (ed.) ICID & Irrigation Australia 2012 Conference and Trade Show. Adelaide, Australia 24 - 29 Jun 2012 Sydney, Australia.
Improved evaluation of bay (and furrow) irrigation
Rojas-Ponce, Samuel, Smith, Rod and Gillies, Malcolm. 2011. "Improved evaluation of bay (and furrow) irrigation." Thompson, Chris (ed.) Irrigation 2011: New Horizons, Fresh Ideas Regional Conference and Exhibition. Launceston, Australia 22 - 25 Aug 2011 Sydney, Australia.
Surface irrigation for energy and water use efficiency
Khatri, Kanya L. and Smith, Rod. 2011. "Surface irrigation for energy and water use efficiency." Thompson, Chris (ed.) Irrigation 2011: New Horizons, Fresh Ideas Regional Conference and Exhibition. Launceston, Australia 22 - 25 Aug 2011 Sydney, Australia.
Evaluating whole field irrigation performance using statistical inference of inter-furrow infiltration variation
Gillies, M. H., Smith, R. J. and Raine, S. R.. 2011. "Evaluating whole field irrigation performance using statistical inference of inter-furrow infiltration variation." Biosystems Engineering. 110 (2), pp. 134-143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2011.07.008
Design of an automatic furrow irrigation system utilising adaptive real-time control
Koech, R. K., Smith, R. J. and Gillies, M. H.. 2011. "Design of an automatic furrow irrigation system utilising adaptive real-time control." Banhazi, T., Saunders, C. and hegarty, R. (ed.) SEAg 2011: Diverse Challenges, Innovative Solutions. Gold Coast, Australia 29 - 30 Sep 2011 Canberra, Australia.
A preliminary evaluation of in-season variations in sprinkler irrigation application patterns
Hussain, Amjed and Raine, Steven R.. 2011. "A preliminary evaluation of in-season variations in sprinkler irrigation application patterns." Thompson, Chris (ed.) Irrigation 2011: New Horizons, Fresh Ideas Regional Conference and Exhibition. Launceston, Australia 22 - 25 Aug 2011 Sydney, Australia.
The economics of sprinkler irrigation uniformity for lettuce production with in-season rainfall
Hussain, A., Raine, S. R. and Smith, R. J.. 2009. "The economics of sprinkler irrigation uniformity for lettuce production with in-season rainfall." Banhazi, T. M. and Saunders, C. (ed.) SEAg 2009: Agricultural Technologies In a Changing Climate. Brisbane, Australia 13 - 16 Sep 2009 Brisbane, Queensland.
An improved solution for the infiltration advance problem in irrigation hydraulics
Cook, F. J., Knight, J. H., Doble, R. C. and Raine, S. R.. 2013. "An improved solution for the infiltration advance problem in irrigation hydraulics." Irrigation Science. 31 (5), pp. 1113-1123. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-012-0392-7
Modified threshold electrolyte concentration analysis for soils from Greenacres
Bennett, J. McL. and Raine, S. R.. 2011. Modified threshold electrolyte concentration analysis for soils from Greenacres . Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
Environmental effects of applying coal seam gas associated water to unsealed roads for dust suppression: final report
Bennett, J. McL. and Raine, S. R.. 2011. Environmental effects of applying coal seam gas associated water to unsealed roads for dust suppression: final report. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
Effect of applying feedlot effluent pond water on the permeability of soils: final report
Bennett, J. McL., Dalby, T. and Raine, S. R.. 2011. Effect of applying feedlot effluent pond water on the permeability of soils: final report. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
Evaluation of sap flow sensors to measure the transpiration rate of plants during sprinkler irrigation
Uddin, J., Smith, R. J., Hancock, N. H. and Foley, J.. 2011. "Evaluation of sap flow sensors to measure the transpiration rate of plants during sprinkler irrigation." Banhazi, T., Saunders, C. and Hegarty, R. (ed.) SEAg 2011: Diverse Challenges, Innovative Solutions. Gold Coast, Australia 29 - 30 Sep 2011 Canberra, Australia.
Eddy covariance measurements of the total evaporation during sprinkler irrigation - preliminary results
Uddin, J., Smith, R. J., Hancock, N. H. and Foley, J.. 2011. "Eddy covariance measurements of the total evaporation during sprinkler irrigation - preliminary results." Banhazi, T., Saunders, C. and Hegarty, R. (ed.) SEAg 2011: Diverse Challenges, Innovative Solutions. Gold Coast, Australia 29 - 30 Sep 2011 Canberra, Australia.
Threshold electrolyte concentration relationships for soils from property A and B
Bennett, J., Raine, S. and Eberhard, F.. 2011. Threshold electrolyte concentration relationships for soils from property A and B. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
Threshold electrolyte concentration relationships for soils from Roleen, Tantatton, Pine Ridge, Ben Bow and Oakleigh
Bennett, J., Raine, S. and Eberhard, F.. 2011. Threshold electrolyte concentration relationships for soils from Roleen, Tantatton, Pine Ridge, Ben Bow and Oakleigh. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
Threshold electrolyte concentration relationships for soils from the Fairview IR5, IR7 and IR8 irrigation areas
Raine, S. R. and Bennett, J.. 2011. Threshold electrolyte concentration relationships for soils from the Fairview IR5, IR7 and IR8 irrigation areas. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
Effect of applying feedlot effluent pond water on the permeability of soils: interim report
Bennett, J., Dalby, T. and Raine, S.. 2011. Effect of applying feedlot effluent pond water on the permeability of soils: interim report. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
Real-time data requirements for model-based adaptive control of irrigation scheduling in cotton
McCarthy, A. C., Hancock, N. H. and Raine, S. R.. 2011. "Real-time data requirements for model-based adaptive control of irrigation scheduling in cotton." Australian Journal of Multi-Disciplinary Engineering. 8 (2), pp. 189-206.
An examination of the end-over-end shaking technique for measuring soil dispersion
So, H. B., Cook, G. D. and Raine, S. R.. 1997. "An examination of the end-over-end shaking technique for measuring soil dispersion." Australian Journal of Soil Research. 35 (1), pp. 31-39. https://doi.org/10.1071/S96062
Automated internode length measurement of cotton plants under field conditions
McCarthy, C. L., Hancock, N. H. and Raine, S. R.. 2009. "Automated internode length measurement of cotton plants under field conditions." Transactions of the ASABE. 52 (6), pp. 2093-2103.
On-the-go machine vision sensing of cotton plant geometric parameters: first results
McCarthy, Cheryl, Hancock, Nigel and Raine, Steven. 2008. "On-the-go machine vision sensing of cotton plant geometric parameters: first results." Billingsley, John and Bradbeer, Robin (ed.) 13th Annual Conference on Mechatronics and Machine Vision in Practice. (M2VIP 2006). Toowoomba, Australia 05 - 07 Dec 2006 Germany. pp. 305-312 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74027-8_26
Estimating the furrow infiltration characteristic from a single advance point
Langat, P. K., Smith, R. J. and Raine, S. R.. 2008. "Estimating the furrow infiltration characteristic from a single advance point." Irrigation Science. 26 (5), pp. 367-374. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-008-0102-7
A decision support model for travelling gun irrigation machines
Smith, Rod, Gillies, Malcolm H., Newell, Geoffrey and Foley, Joseph P.. 2008. "A decision support model for travelling gun irrigation machines." Biosystems Engineering. 100 (1), pp. 126-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2008.01.004
Accounting for temporal inflow variation in the inverse solution for infiltration in surface irrigation
Gillies, Malcolm H., Smith, R. J. and Raine, Steven R.. 2007. "Accounting for temporal inflow variation in the inverse solution for infiltration in surface irrigation ." Irrigation Science. 25 (2), pp. 87-97. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-006-0037-9
Selecting sites suitable for animal waste application using a raster GIS
Basnet, Badri Bahadur, Apan, Armando and Raine, Steven R.. 2001. "Selecting sites suitable for animal waste application using a raster GIS." Environmental Management (New York): an international journal for decision-makers, scientists and environmental auditors. 28 (4), pp. 519-531. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002670010241
The effect of polyacrylamide additions on the infiltration and erosion of disturbed lands
Vacher, Cameron A., Loch, Rob and Raine, Steven R.. 2003. "The effect of polyacrylamide additions on the infiltration and erosion of disturbed lands." Australian Journal of Soil Research. 41 (8), pp. 1509-1520. https://doi.org/10.1071/SR02114
Mapping and analysis of changes in the riparian landscape structure of the Lockyer Valley Catchment, Queensland, Australia
Apan, Armando, Raine, Steven R. and Paterson, Mark. 2002. "Mapping and analysis of changes in the riparian landscape structure of the Lockyer Valley Catchment, Queensland, Australia." Landscape and Urban Planning. 59 (1), pp. 43-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(01)00246-8
Spatial prioritisation of revegetation sites for dryland salinity management: an analytical framework using GIS
Apan, Armando, Raine, Steven R., Le Brocque, Andrew F. and Cockfield, Geoff. 2004. "Spatial prioritisation of revegetation sites for dryland salinity management: an analytical framework using GIS." Journal of Environmental Planning and Management. 47 (6), pp. 811-825. https://doi.org/10.1080/0964056042000284848
Soil-water and salt movement associated with precision irrigation systems - research investment opportunities
Raine, S. R., Meyer, W. S., Rassam, D. W., Hutson, J. L. and Cook, F. J.. 2005. Soil-water and salt movement associated with precision irrigation systems - research investment opportunities. Canberra, Australia. Land and Water Australia.
The future of irrigation technologies and practices is here now.
Raine, Steven R.. 2006. "The future of irrigation technologies and practices is here now. " Irrigation Australia 2006: Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference and Exhibition. Brisbane, Australia 09 - 11 May 2006 Hornsby, NSW, Australia.
Simulation of performance for a simple real time control system of furrow irrigation
Khatri, K. L. and Smith, R. J.. 2006. "Simulation of performance for a simple real time control system of furrow irrigation." Lorenzini, G. (ed.) 1st International Conference on Sustainable Irrigation Management, Technologies and Policies. Bologna, Italy 05 - 07 Sep 2006 England. WIT Press. https://doi.org/10.2495/SI060021
Real-time prediction of soil infiltration characteristics for the management of furrow irrigation
Khatri, Kanya L. and Smith, R. J.. 2006. "Real-time prediction of soil infiltration characteristics for the management of furrow irrigation." Irrigation Science. 25 (1), pp. 33-43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-006-0032-1
Effect of water quality on soil structure and infiltration under furrow irrigation
Emdad, Mohammad R., Raine, Steven R., Smith, Rod J. and Fardad, Hossein. 2004. "Effect of water quality on soil structure and infiltration under furrow irrigation." Irrigation Science. 23 (2), pp. 55-60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-004-0093-y
Irrigation application efficiency and deep drainage potential under surface irrigated cotton
Smith, R. J., Raine, Steven R. and Minkevich, John. 2005. "Irrigation application efficiency and deep drainage potential under surface irrigated cotton." Agricultural Water Management. 71 (2), pp. 117-130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2004.07.008
Evaluation of a hydrographic technique to measure on-farm water storage volumes
Gibbings, Peter and Raine, Steven R.. 2005. "Evaluation of a hydrographic technique to measure on-farm water storage volumes." Agricultural Water Management. 78 (3), pp. 209-221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2005.02.010
Gas sampling efficiencies and aerodynamic characteristics of a laboratory wind tunnel for odour measurement
Sohn, J. H., Smith, R. J., Hudson, N. A. and Choi, H. L.. 2005. "Gas sampling efficiencies and aerodynamic characteristics of a laboratory wind tunnel for odour measurement." Biosystems Engineering. 92 (1), pp. 37-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2005.05.010
Infiltration parameters from surface irrigation advance and run-off data
Gillies, Malcolm H. and Smith, R. J.. 2005. "Infiltration parameters from surface irrigation advance and run-off data." Irrigation Science. 24 (1), pp. 25-35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-005-0004-x
Automation and control in surface irrigation systems: current status and expected future trends
Koech, Richard, Smith, Rod and Gillies, Malcolm. 2010. "Automation and control in surface irrigation systems: current status and expected future trends." Goh, Steven C. and Wang, Hao (ed.) 2010 Southern Region Engineering Conference (SREC 2010). Toowoomba, Australia 11 - 12 Nov 2010 Toowoomba, Australia.
Simulation modelling in surface irrigation systems
Koech, Richard, Gillies, Malcolm and Smith, Rod. 2010. "Simulation modelling in surface irrigation systems." Goh, Steven C. and Wang, Hao (ed.) 2010 Southern Region Engineering Conference (SREC 2010). Toowoomba, Australia 11 - 12 Nov 2010 Toowoomba, Australia.
Applied machine vision of plants: a review with implications for field deployment in automated farming operations
McCarthy, C. L., Hancock, N. H. and Raine, S. R.. 2010. "Applied machine vision of plants: a review with implications for field deployment in automated farming operations." Intelligent Service Robotics. 3 (4), pp. 209-217. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11370-010-0075-2
Defining precision irrigation: a new approach to irrigation management
Smith, Rod and Baillie, Justine. 2009. "Defining precision irrigation: a new approach to irrigation management." Irrigation Australia 2009: Irrigation Australia Irrigation and Drainage Conference: Irrigation Today - Meeting the Challenge. Swan Hill, Australia 18 - 21 Oct 2009 Sydney, Australia.
Effect of irrigation management on nitrate movement under a drip irrigated lettuce crop
Althaus, Kimberley, McKeering, Loretta M., McHugh, Allen and Raine, Steven R.. 2009. "Effect of irrigation management on nitrate movement under a drip irrigated lettuce crop ." Banhazi, T. M. and Saunders, C. (ed.) SEAg 2009: Agricultural Technologies In a Changing Climate. Brisbane, Australia 13 - 16 Sep 2009 Brisbane, Australia.
Physiological response of cotton to a root zone soil moisture gradient: implications for partial root zone drying irrigation
White, Simon C. and Raine, Steven R.. 2009. "Physiological response of cotton to a root zone soil moisture gradient: implications for partial root zone drying irrigation." Journal of Cotton Science. 13 (2), pp. 67-74.
VARIwise: a general-purpose adaptive control simulation framework for spatially and temporally varied irrigation at sub-field scale
McCarthy, Alison, Hancock, Nigel and Raine, Steven R.. 2010. "VARIwise: a general-purpose adaptive control simulation framework for spatially and temporally varied irrigation at sub-field scale." Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 70 (1), pp. 117-128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2009.09.011
Apparatus and infield evaluations of a prototype machine vision system for cotton plant internode length measurement
McCarthy, Cheryl, Hancock, Nigel and Raine, Steven R.. 2010. "Apparatus and infield evaluations of a prototype machine vision system for cotton plant internode length measurement." Journal of Cotton Science. 14 (4), pp. 221-232.
Head ditch hydraulics and the variability of inflows to irrigation furrows
Smith, R. J. and Gillies, M. H.. 2010. "Head ditch hydraulics and the variability of inflows to irrigation furrows." Irrigation and Drainage. 59 (4), pp. 442-452. https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.495
Droplet evaporation losses during sprinkler irrigation: an overview
Uddin, Jasim, Smith, Rod, Hancock, Nigel and Foley, Joseph P.. 2010. "Droplet evaporation losses during sprinkler irrigation: an overview." Montagu, Kelvin (ed.) Australian Irrigation Conference and Exibition 2010: One Water Many Futures. Sydney, Australia 08 - 10 Jun 2010 Sydney, Australia.
Simulation of adaptive site-specific irrigation control performance with spatially variable rainfall
McCarthy, Alison, Hancock, Nigel and Raine, Steven R.. 2010. "Simulation of adaptive site-specific irrigation control performance with spatially variable rainfall." Montagu, Kelvin (ed.) Australian Irrigation Conference and Exibition 2010: One Water Many Futures. Sydney, Australia 08 - 10 Jun 2010 Sydney, Australia.
Simulation of site-specific irrigation control strategies with sparse input data
McCarthy, Alison, Hancock, Nigel and Raine, Steven R.. 2010. "Simulation of site-specific irrigation control strategies with sparse input data." 17th World Congress of the International Commission of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering (CIGR 2010): Sustainable Biosystems Through Engineering. Quebec City, Canada 13 - 17 Jun 2010 Quebec, Canada.
Hydraulic characteristics of large diameter gated flexible fluming
Koech, R. K., Smith, R. J. and Gillies, Malcolm H.. 2010. "Hydraulic characteristics of large diameter gated flexible fluming ." Montagu, Kelvin (ed.) Australian Irrigation Conference and Exibition 2010: One Water Many Futures. Sydney, Australia 08 - 10 Jun 2010 Sydney, Australia.
Furrow irrigation in the Australian cotton industry: alternative water delivery systems and their potential for automation
Koech, R. K., Smith, R. J. and Gillies, Malcolm H.. 2010. Furrow irrigation in the Australian cotton industry: alternative water delivery systems and their potential for automation. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
The effect of irrigation non-uniformity on carrot production
Koech, Richard and Raine, Steven R.. 2010. "The effect of irrigation non-uniformity on carrot production." Montagu, Kelvin (ed.) Australian Irrigation Conference and Exibition 2010: One Water Many Futures. Sydney, Australia 08 - 10 Jun 2010 Sydney, Australia.
Can electromagnetic induction be used to evaluate sprinkler irrigation uniformity for a shallow rooted crop?
Hussain, Amjed and Raine, Steven R.. 2010. "Can electromagnetic induction be used to evaluate sprinkler irrigation uniformity for a shallow rooted crop?" Gilkes, Robert J. and Prakongkep, Nattaporn (ed.) 19th World Congress of Soil Science (WCSS 2010): Soil Solutions for a Changing World. Brisbane, Australia 01 - 06 Aug 2010 Warrugal, Australia.
Holistic control system design for large mobile irrigation machines
McCarthy, Alison, Hancock, Nigel and Raine, Steven. 2010. "Holistic control system design for large mobile irrigation machines." 16th Annual Conference on Mechatronics and Machine Vision in Practice (M2VIP 2010). Darussalam, Brunei 22 - 24 Jun 2010 Toowoomba, Australia.
Investigating the effect of electro-osmosis on sandy soil near saturated conditions
Huweg, Abdurrahman F. S., Kamel, Fouad and Raine, Steven. 2010. "Investigating the effect of electro-osmosis on sandy soil near saturated conditions." Goh, Steven C. and Wang, Hao (ed.) 2010 Southern Region Engineering Conference (SREC 2010). Toowoomba, Australia 11 - 12 Nov 2010 Toowoomba, Australia.
Improving performance of bay irrigation through higher flow rates
Gillies, Malcolm, Smith, Rod, Williamson, Bill and Shanahan, Matthew. 2010. "Improving performance of bay irrigation through higher flow rates." Montagu, Kelvin (ed.) Australian Irrigation Conference and Exibition 2010: One Water Many Futures. Sydney, Australia 08 - 10 Jun 2010 Sydney, Australia.
Permanent raised bed configurations and renovation methods affect crop performance
Akbar, Ghani, Hamilton, Greg and Raine, Steven. 2010. "Permanent raised bed configurations and renovation methods affect crop performance." Gilkes, Robert J. and Prakongkep, Nattaporn (ed.) 19th World Congress of Soil Science (WCSS 2010): Soil Solutions for a Changing World. Brisbane, Australia 01 - 06 Aug 2010 Melbourne, Australia.
The validation of a simple Gaussian dispersion model for determining odour emission rates from area sources
Galvin, Geordie, Lowe, Scott and Smith, Rod. 2004. "The validation of a simple Gaussian dispersion model for determining odour emission rates from area sources." Developments in Chemical Engineering and Mineral Processing. 12 (5/6), pp. 545-558. https://doi.org/10.1002/apj.5500120509
Quantification of odours from piggery effluent ponds using an electronic nose and an artificial neural network
Sohn, Jae Ho, Smith, Rod, Yoong, Ernest, Leis, John W. and Galvin, Geordie. 2003. "Quantification of odours from piggery effluent ponds using an electronic nose and an artificial neural network." Biosystems Engineering. 86 (4), pp. 399-410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2003.09.003
Evaluation of automotive varnish as a coating for density measurements of soil clods
de Almeida, B. G., da Silva, A. P., Raine, Steven R. and Figueiredo, G. C.. 2009. "Evaluation of automotive varnish as a coating for density measurements of soil clods." Soil Science Society of America Journal. 73 (2), pp. 449-452. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2008.0191
An evaluation of a novel wind tunnel design applied to the measurement of the kinetics of odour emissions from piggery effluent
Sohn, Jae Ho, Smith, Rod, Yoong, Ernest, Hudson, Neale A. and Kim, Tae I.. 2004. "An evaluation of a novel wind tunnel design applied to the measurement of the kinetics of odour emissions from piggery effluent." Water Science and Technology. 50 (4), pp. 49-55.
A preliminary field evaluation of an automated vision-based plant geometry measurement system
McCarthy, Cheryl, Hancock, Nigel and Raine, Steven R.. 2007. "A preliminary field evaluation of an automated vision-based plant geometry measurement system." Prusinkiewicz, Przemyslaw, Hanan, Jim S. and Lane, Brendan (ed.) 5th International Workshop on Functional Structural Plant Models (FSPM07). Napier, New Zealand 04 - 09 Nov 2007
Automated machine vision sensing of plant structural parameters
McCarthy, C. L., Hancock, Nigel and Raine, Steven R.. 2007. "Automated machine vision sensing of plant structural parameters." Biological Sensorics 2007: Critical Technologies for Future Biosystems. Minneapolis, Australia 15 - 17 Jun 2007 St. Joseph, MI, United States.
Evaluation of a proximal vision data acquisition system for measuring spatial variability in lettuce growth
Hussain, Amjed, Raine, Steven R., Henderson, Craig and Jensen, Troy. 2008. "Evaluation of a proximal vision data acquisition system for measuring spatial variability in lettuce growth." Unkovich, M. (ed.) 14th Australian Agronomy Conference: Global Issues. Paddock Action. Adelaide, Australia 21 - 25 Sep 2008 Gosford, NSW, Australia.
Characterising land ownership patterns in a salt-affected catchment: key implications for revegetation
Apan, Armando, Raine, Steven R., Cockfield, Geoff and Le Brocque, Andrew F.. 2003. "Characterising land ownership patterns in a salt-affected catchment: key implications for revegetation." 2003 Spatial Sciences Institute Biennial Conference: Spatial Knowledge Without Boundaries (SSC2003). Canberra, Australia 22 - 27 Sep 2003 Canberra, Australia.
Development of a simulation framework for variable-rate irrigation of cotton
McCarthy, Alison, Hancock, Nigel and Raine, Steven R.. 2008. "Development of a simulation framework for variable-rate irrigation of cotton." 14th Australian Cotton Conference: New Beginnings – Cotton in a Climate of Change. Gold Coast, Australia 12 - 14 Aug 2008 Narrabri, NSW, Australia.
Managing spatial and temporal variability in irrigated agriculture through adaptive control
Smith, R. J., Raine, Steven R., McCarthy, Alison and Hancock, Nigel. 2009. "Managing spatial and temporal variability in irrigated agriculture through adaptive control." Australian Journal of Multi-Disciplinary Engineering. 7 (1), pp. 79-90.
Evaluating the performance of bay irrigation in the GMID
Smith, R. J., Gillies, Malcolm H., Shanahan, Matthew, Campbell, B. and Williamson, Bill. 2009. "Evaluating the performance of bay irrigation in the GMID." Irrigation Australia 2009: Irrigation Australia Irrigation and Drainage Conference: Irrigation Today - Meeting the Challenge. Swan Hill, Australia 18 - 21 Oct 2009 Sydney, New South Wales.
Bankless channel irrigation systems: irrigation performance assessment
Grabham, Michael, Hornbuckle, John, Raine, Steven R. and Smith, Rod. 2009. "Bankless channel irrigation systems: irrigation performance assessment." Irrigation Australia 2009: Irrigation Australia Irrigation and Drainage Conference: Irrigation Today - Meeting the Challenge. Swan Hill, Australia 18 - 21 Oct 2009 Sydney, Australia.
Exploration of data requirements for adaptive control of irrigation scheduling
McCarthy, Alison, Hancock, Nigel and Raine, Steven R.. 2009. "Exploration of data requirements for adaptive control of irrigation scheduling." Banhazi, T. M. and Saunders, C. (ed.) SEAg 2009: Agricultural Technologies In a Changing Climate. Brisbane, Australia 13 - 16 Sep 2009 Brisbane, Australia.
Characterisation of the micro-tube emitters used in a novel micro-sprinkler
de Almeida, Ceres Duarte Guedes Cabral, Botrel, Tarlei Arriel and Smith, Rod J.. 2009. "Characterisation of the micro-tube emitters used in a novel micro-sprinkler." Irrigation Science. 27 (3), pp. 209-214. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-008-0135-y
Empirical functions for dependent variables in cutback furrow irrigation
Navabian, M., Liaghat, A. M., Smith, R. J. and Abbasi, F.. 2009. "Empirical functions for dependent variables in cutback furrow irrigation." Irrigation Science. 27 (3), pp. 215-222. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-008-0138-8
Towards evaluation of adaptive control systems for improved site-specific irrigation of cotton
McCarthy, Alison, Hancock, Nigel and Raine, Steven R.. 2008. "Towards evaluation of adaptive control systems for improved site-specific irrigation of cotton." Irrigation Australia 2008: Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference and Exhibition: Share the Water, Share the Benefits. Melbourne, Australia 20 - 22 May 2008 Hornsby, NSW, Australia.
Managing the effect of infiltration variability on the performance of surface irrigation
Gillies, Malcolm H.. 2008. Managing the effect of infiltration variability on the performance of surface irrigation. PhD Thesis Doctor of Philosophy. University of Southern Queensland.
Toward a simple real-time control system for efficient management of furrow irrigation
Khatri, Kanya L. and Smith, R. J.. 2007. "Toward a simple real-time control system for efficient management of furrow irrigation." Irrigation and Drainage. 56 (4), pp. 463-475. https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.319
A preliminary evaluation of the potential to use electromagnetic induction to assess sprinkler irrigation performance in horticultural crops
Hussain, Amjed and Raine, Steven R.. 2008. "A preliminary evaluation of the potential to use electromagnetic induction to assess sprinkler irrigation performance in horticultural crops." 1st Global Workshop on High Resolution Digitial Soil Sensing and Mapping. Sydney, Australia 05 - 08 Feb 2008 Sydney, Australia.
Managing spatial and temporal variability in irrigated agriculture through adaptive control
Smith, R. J., Raine, Steven R., McCarthy, Alison and Hancock, Nigel. 2007. "Managing spatial and temporal variability in irrigated agriculture through adaptive control." Banhazi, T. M. and Saunders, C. (ed.) SEAg 2007: Agriculture and Engineering - Challenge Today, Technology Tomorrow. Adelaide, Australia 24 - 26 Sep 2007 Australia.
Soil-water and solute movement under precision irrigation: knowledge gaps for managing sustainable root zones
Raine, S. R., Meyer, W. S., Rassam, D. W., Hutson, J. L. and Cook, F. J.. 2007. "Soil-water and solute movement under precision irrigation: knowledge gaps for managing sustainable root zones ." Irrigation Science. 26 (1), pp. 91-100. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-007-0075-y
Errors in predicting furrow irrigation performance using single measures of infiltration
Langat, Philip K., Raine, Steven R. and Smith, R. J.. 2007. "Errors in predicting furrow irrigation performance using single measures of infiltration." Irrigation Science. 25 (4), pp. 339-349. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-006-0049-5
A decision support model for travelling gun irrigation machines
Smith, Rod, Gillies, Malcolm H., Newell, Geoffrey and Foley, Joseph P.. 2007. "A decision support model for travelling gun irrigation machines." CIGR 2006: Agricultural Engineering for a Better World. Bonn, Germany 03 - 07 Sep 2006
On-the-go machine vision sensing of cotton plant geometric parameters: first results
McCarthy, Cheryl, Hancock, Nigel and Raine, Steven R.. 2006. "On-the-go machine vision sensing of cotton plant geometric parameters: first results." Billingsley, John (ed.) 13th Annual Conference on Mechatronics and Machine Vision in Practice. (M2VIP 2006). Toowoomba, Australia 05 - 07 Dec 2006 Berlin, Heidelberg.
Improving plants' water use efficiency and potential impacts from soil structure change - research investment opportunities
Loch, R. J., Grant, C. G., McKenzie, D. C. and Raine, S. R.. 2005. Improving plants' water use efficiency and potential impacts from soil structure change - research investment opportunities. Canberra, Australia. Land and Water Australia.
Using simulation modelling to improve the design and management of furrow irrigation in small-holder plots
Langat, Philip K. and Raine, Steven R.. 2006. "Using simulation modelling to improve the design and management of furrow irrigation in small-holder plots." 10th Southern and Eastern Africa Rainwater Network Conference. Mombasa, Kenya 04 - 06 Dec 2006 Mombasa, Kenya.
A preliminary evaluation of machine vision sensing of cotton nodes for automated irrigation control
McCarthy, Cheryl, Hancock, Nigel and Raine, Steven R.. 2006. "A preliminary evaluation of machine vision sensing of cotton nodes for automated irrigation control." Irrigation Australia 2006: Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference and Exhibition. Brisbane, Australia 09 - 11 May 2006 Brisbane.
Real time control of surface irrigation: managing infiltration variations and enhancing furrow irrigation performance
Khatri, K. L., Smith, R. J. and Raine, Steven R.. 2006. "Real time control of surface irrigation: managing infiltration variations and enhancing furrow irrigation performance." Irrigation Australia 2006: Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference and Exhibition. Brisbane, Australia 09 - 11 May 2006 Brisbane.
Is it possible to extract infiltration rates for variable inflow furrow irrigation?
Gillies, Malcolm H., Smith, R. J. and Raine, Steven R.. 2006. "Is it possible to extract infiltration rates for variable inflow furrow irrigation?" Irrigation Australia 2006: Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference and Exhibition. Brisbane, Australia 09 - 11 May 2006 Hornsby, NSW, Australia.
Process studies of odour emissions from effluent ponds using machine-based odour measurement
Sohn, Jae Ho, Smith, R. J. and Yoong, Ernest. 2006. "Process studies of odour emissions from effluent ponds using machine-based odour measurement." Atmospheric Environment. 40 (7), pp. 1230-1241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.10.035
Identification and management of dispersive mine spoils
Vacher, Cameron A., Loch, Rob and Raine, Steven R.. 2004. Identification and management of dispersive mine spoils. Kenmore, Australia. Australian Centre for Mining Environmental Research.
Characterisation of soil profiles on four AFLQ Premier League sporting fields
Raine, Steven R. and Eberhard, Jochen. 2004. Characterisation of soil profiles on four AFLQ Premier League sporting fields. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
A scoping study on measuring and monitoring tools and technology for precision irrigation
Misra, R. K., Raine, Steven R., Pezzaniti, David, Charlesworth, Philip and Hancock, Nigel. 2005. A scoping study on measuring and monitoring tools and technology for precision irrigation . Toowoomba, Australia. CRC for Irrigation Futures.
Evaluation of methods for determining infiltration parameters from irrigation advance data
Khatri, K. L. and Smith, R. J.. 2005. "Evaluation of methods for determining infiltration parameters from irrigation advance data." Irrigation and Drainage. 54 (4), pp. 467-482. https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.198
Strategies for maximizing sugarcane yield with limited water in the Bundaberg district
Baillie, Craig Peter and Raine, Steven R.. 2005. "Strategies for maximizing sugarcane yield with limited water in the Bundaberg district." Annual Australian National Committee on Irrigation and Drainage (ANCID) Conference. Mildura, Australia 23 - 26 Oct 2005 Mildura, Australia.
Improving whole farm and infield irrigation efficiencies using Irrimate tools
Raine, Steven R., Purcell, Jim and Schmidt, Erik. 2005. "Improving whole farm and infield irrigation efficiencies using Irrimate tools." Irrigation Australia 2005: Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference and Exhibition: Restoring the Balance. Townsville, Australia 17 - 19 May 2005 Hornsby, NSW, Australia.
The future direction of on-farm irrigation technologies and practice research
Raine, Steven R. and Durack, Matthew K.. 2005. "The future direction of on-farm irrigation technologies and practice research." The New Age of Cotton - Managing Change and Risk in your Environment (2005). Narrabri, Australia 17 - 18 Aug 2005 Narrabri, Australia.
Recent developments and strategies in the use of plant indicators for irrigation scheduling
Misra, R. K., Fuentes, S. and Raine, Steven R.. 2005. "Recent developments and strategies in the use of plant indicators for irrigation scheduling." Irrigation Australia 2005: Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference and Exhibition: Restoring the Balance. Townsville, Australia 17 - 19 May 2005 Sydney, NSW.
Geographic information system based manure application plan
Raine, Steven R., Basnet, Badri B. and Apan, Armando A.. 2002. "Geographic information system based manure application plan." Journal of Environmental Management. 64 (2), pp. 99-113. https://doi.org/10.1006/jema.2001.0484