Incidental nutrient transfers: assessing critical times in agricultural catchments using high-resolution data

Article

Shore, Mairead, Jordan, Phil, Melland, Alice R., Mellander, Per-Erik, McDonald, Noeleen and Shortle, Ger. 2016. "Incidental nutrient transfers: assessing critical times in agricultural catchments using high-resolution data." Science of the Total Environment. 553, pp. 404-415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.02.085
Article Title

Incidental nutrient transfers: assessing critical times in agricultural catchments using high-resolution data

ERA Journal ID3551
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsShore, Mairead (Author), Jordan, Phil (Author), Melland, Alice R. (Author), Mellander, Per-Erik (Author), McDonald, Noeleen (Author) and Shortle, Ger (Author)
Journal TitleScience of the Total Environment
Journal Citation553, pp. 404-415
Number of Pages12
Year2016
PublisherElsevier
Place of PublicationNetherlands
ISSN0048-9697
1879-1026
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.02.085
Abstract

Managing incidental losses associated with liquid slurry applications during closed periods has significant cost
and policy implications and the environmental data required to review such a measure are difficult to capture due to storm dependencies. Over four years (2010–2014) in five intensive agricultural catchments, this study used high-resolution total and total reactive phosphorus (TP and TRP), total oxidised nitrogen (TON) and suspended sediment (SS) concentrations with river discharge data to investigate the magnitude and timing of nutrient losses. A large dataset of storm events (defined as 90th percentile discharges), and associated flowweighted mean (FWM) nutrient concentrations and TP/SS ratios, was used to indicate when losses were indicative of residual or incidental nutrient transfers. The beginning of the slurry closed period was reflective of incidental and residual transfers with high storm FWM P (TP and TRP) concentrations, with some catchments also showing elevated storm TP:SS ratios. This pattern diminished at the end of the closed period in all catchments. Total oxidised N behaved similarly to P during storms in the poorly drained catchments and revealed a long lag time in other catchments. Low storm FWM P concentrations and TP:SS ratios during the weeks following the closed period suggests that nutrients eitherweren't applied during this time (best times chosen) or that they were applied to less risky areas (best places chosen). For other periods such as late autumn and duringwet summers,where storm FWMP concentrations and TP:SS ratios were high, it is recommended that an augmentation of farmer knowledge of soil drainage characteristics with local and detailed current and forecast soil moisture conditions will help to strengthen existing regulatory frameworks to avoid storm driven incidental nutrient transfers.

Keywordsincidental nutrients; slurry; closed-period; catchments; water-quality
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020300201. Agricultural hydrology
300202. Agricultural land management
410404. Environmental management
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Byline AffiliationsTeagasc, Ireland
University of Ulster, United Kingdom
National Centre for Engineering in Agriculture
Teagasc Agriculture and Food Development Authority, Ireland
Institution of OriginUniversity of Southern Queensland
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