Variable response to phosphorus mitigation measures across the nutrient transfer continuum in a dairy grassland catchment

Article

Murphy, P. N. C., Mellander, P.-E., Melland, A. R., Buckley, C., Shore, M., Shortle, G., Wall, D. P., Treacy, M., Shine, O., Mechan, S. and Jordan, P.. 2015. "Variable response to phosphorus mitigation measures across the nutrient transfer continuum in a dairy grassland catchment." Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 207, pp. 192-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2015.04.008
Article Title

Variable response to phosphorus mitigation measures across the nutrient transfer continuum in a dairy grassland catchment

ERA Journal ID36361
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsMurphy, P. N. C. (Author), Mellander, P.-E. (Author), Melland, A. R. (Author), Buckley, C. (Author), Shore, M. (Author), Shortle, G. (Author), Wall, D. P. (Author), Treacy, M. (Author), Shine, O. (Author), Mechan, S. (Author) and Jordan, P. (Author)
Journal TitleAgriculture, Ecosystems and Environment
Journal Citation207, pp. 192-202
Number of Pages11
Year2015
PublisherElsevier
Place of PublicationNetherlands
ISSN0167-8809
1873-2305
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2015.04.008
Web Address (URL)http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167880915001401
Abstract

Phosphorus (P) loss from soils to water can be a major pressure on freshwater quality and dairy farming, with higher animal stocking rates, may lead to potentially greater nutrient source pressures. In many countries with intensive agriculture, regulation of P management aims to minimise these losses. This study examined the P transfer continuum, from source to impact, in a dairy-dominated, highly stocked, grassland catchment with free-draining soils over three years. The aim was to measure the effects of P source management and regulation on P transfer across the nutrient transfer continuum and subsequent water quality and agro-economic impacts. Reduced P source pressure was indicated by: (a) lower average farm-gate P balances (2.4 kg ha−1 yr−1), higher P use efficiencies (89%) and lower inorganic fertilizer P use (5.2 kg ha−1 yr−1) relative to previous studies; (b) almost no recorded P application during the winter closed period, when applications were prohibited, to avoid incidental transfers; and (c) decreased proportions of soils with excessive P concentrations (32–24%). Concurrently, production and profitability remained comparable with the top 10% of dairy farmers nationally with milk outputs of 14,585 l ha−1, and gross margins of € 3130 ha−1. Whilst there was some indication of a response in P delivery in surface water with declines in quick flow and interflow pathway P concentrations during the winter closed period for P application, delayed baseflows in the wetter third year resulted in elevated P concentrations for long durations and there were no clear trends of improving stream biological quality. This suggests a variable response to policy measures between P source pressure and delivery/impact where the strength of any observable trend is greater closer to the source end of the nutrient transfer continuum and a time lag occurs at the other end. Policy monitoring and assessment efforts will need to be cognisant of this.

Keywordsphosphorus loss; nutrient transfer continuum; water quality mitigation measures; nutrient management; agricultural catchment; comparative economics
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020300201. Agricultural hydrology
300202. Agricultural land management
410404. Environmental management
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Byline AffiliationsUniversity College Dublin, Ireland
Teagasc Agriculture and Food Development Authority, Ireland
National Centre for Engineering in Agriculture
Teagasc, Ireland
Agriculture and Food Development Authority, Ireland
University of Ulster, United Kingdom
Institution of OriginUniversity of Southern Queensland
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