Availability of Nitrogen in Soil for Irrigated Cotton Following Application of Urea and 3,4-Dimethylpyrazole Phosphate-Coated Urea in Concentrated Bands
Article
Article Title | Availability of Nitrogen in Soil for Irrigated Cotton Following Application of Urea and 3,4-Dimethylpyrazole Phosphate-Coated Urea in Concentrated Bands |
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ERA Journal ID | 213962 |
Article Category | Article |
Authors | Pittaway, Pamela A., Antille, Diogenes L., Melland, Alice R. and Marchuk, Serhiy |
Journal Title | Plants |
Journal Citation | 12 (5), pp. 1-14 |
Article Number | 1170 |
Number of Pages | 14 |
Year | Mar 2023 |
Publisher | MDPI AG |
Place of Publication | Switzerland |
ISSN | 2223-7747 |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12051170 |
Web Address (URL) | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/5/1170 |
Abstract | Low nitrogen (N) fertilizer use efficiency for irrigated cotton has been attributed to the limited ability of tap roots to access N from concentrated subsurface bands, or the preferential root uptake of microbially-mineralized dissolved organic N. This work investigated how applying high-rate banded urea affects the availability of N in soil and the capacity of cotton roots to take up N. Soil was analyzed for water-extractable total dissolved N and inorganic N species after urea or urea coated with 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) was applied at concentrations of 261, 455, 461, and 597 mg N kg−1 of (air-dry) soil (mean bulk density: 1.01 g cm−3). A mass balance was used to compare N applied as fertilizer and in unfertilized soil (supplied N) with the N recovered from soil within the cylinders (recovered N) at five plant growth phases. Root uptake was estimated by comparing ammonium-N (NH4-N) and nitrate-N (NO3-N) in soil sampled from within cylinders with soil sampled from immediately outside. Recovered N was up to 100% above supplied N within 30 days of applying urea above 261 mg N kg−1 of soil. Significantly lower NO3-N in soil sampled from immediately outside the cylinders suggests urea application stimulates cotton root uptake. The use of DMPP-coated urea prolonged high NH4-N in soil and inhibited the mineralization of released organic N. These results imply the release of previously sequestered soil organic N within 30 days of applying concentrated urea enhances the availability of NO3-N in the rhizosphere, reducing N fertilizer use efficiency. |
Keywords | dissolved organic nitrogen; enhanced efficiency fertilizers; exchangeable ammonium; irrigated Vertisol; nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency; nitrification inhibition; root exclusion tubes |
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 300210. Sustainable agricultural development |
Byline Affiliations | Centre for Agricultural Engineering (Operations) |
Centre for Agricultural Engineering (Research) | |
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Australia |
https://research.usq.edu.au/item/x282q/availability-of-nitrogen-in-soil-for-irrigated-cotton-following-application-of-urea-and-3-4-dimethylpyrazole-phosphate-coated-urea-in-concentrated-bands
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