Carpogenic germination of sclerotia of Sclerotinia minor and ascosporic infection of pyrethrum flowers
Article
Article Title | Carpogenic germination of sclerotia of Sclerotinia minor and ascosporic infection of pyrethrum flowers |
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ERA Journal ID | 2574 |
Article Category | Article |
Authors | O'Malley, Thomas B. (Author), Hay, Frank S. (Author), Scott, Jason B. (Author), Gent, David H. (Author), Shivas, Roger G. (Author) and Pethybridge, Sarah J. (Author) |
Journal Title | Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology |
Journal Citation | 37 (2), pp. 179-187 |
Number of Pages | 9 |
Year | 2015 |
Publisher | Taylor & Francis |
Place of Publication | United States |
ISSN | 0706-0661 |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1080/07060661.2015.1036122 |
Web Address (URL) | http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07060661.2015.1036122 |
Abstract | Carpogenic germination of sclerotia and infection of flowers by ascospores of Sclerotinia minor is rare and seldom documented in most hosts. During 2007-2009, S. minor isolates were obtained from surface-sterilized pyrethrum flowers collected from fields in Australia. The isolation frequency of S. minor from flowers in 2007, 2008 and 2009 was 15.8%, 5% and 1.4%, respectively. During these years, the prevalence of S. minor in flowers amongst pyrethrum fields varied between 10.3% and 60%. Sclerotia with apothecia, consistent in size with S. minor, were collected in one field. Colonies from individual ascospores from this isolate were identified as S. minor. A subsample of 10 S. minor isolates was selected for further studies. Phylogenetic analysis based on the internal transcribed spacer region grouped these isolates with S. minor, and distinct from published sequences of other Sclerotinia spp. Species-specific primers developed previously to differentiate the four major Sclerotinia spp. (S. sclerotiorum, S. minor, S. homoeocarpa and S. trifoliorum) were used to confirm identity. Of the 10 S. minor isolates, eight were able to carpogenically germinate in vitro. Pathogenicity of S. minor to flowers was confirmed in the greenhouse using ascospores. This study is one of the few instances documenting the ability of S. minor to infect floral tissues and the first documentation of S. minor causing flower disease of pyrethrum. These findings serve as a scaffold for further investigations into the mechanisms of flower infection by S. minor and have implications for the management of the Sclerotinia disease complex affecting pyrethrum in Australia. |
Keywords | carpogenic germination; pyrethrum; Sclerotinia flower blight; Sclerotinia minor; Sclerotinia sclerotiorum; PLANT SCIENCE; PLANT PATHOLOGY AND SYMBIOSES; Plant Pathology; Fungi - general; |
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 310805. Plant pathology |
300409. Crop and pasture protection (incl. pests, diseases and weeds) | |
Public Notes | Files associated with this item cannot be displayed due to copyright restrictions. |
Byline Affiliations | University of Tasmania |
Oregon State University, United States | |
Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Queensland | |
Cornell University, United States | |
Institution of Origin | University of Southern Queensland |
https://research.usq.edu.au/item/q40v7/carpogenic-germination-of-sclerotia-of-sclerotinia-minor-and-ascosporic-infection-of-pyrethrum-flowers
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