Hybrid polyether-palm oil polyester polyol based rigid polyurethane foam reinforced with cellulose nanocrystal

Article

Septevani, Athanasia A., Evans, David A.C., Martin, Darren J. and Annamalai, Pratheep K.. 2018. "Hybrid polyether-palm oil polyester polyol based rigid polyurethane foam reinforced with cellulose nanocrystal." Industrial Crops and Products. 112, pp. 378-388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.12.032
Article Title

Hybrid polyether-palm oil polyester polyol based rigid polyurethane foam reinforced with cellulose nanocrystal

ERA Journal ID5313
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsSeptevani, Athanasia A., Evans, David A.C., Martin, Darren J. and Annamalai, Pratheep K.
Journal TitleIndustrial Crops and Products
Journal Citation112, pp. 378-388
Number of Pages11
Year2018
PublisherElsevier
Place of PublicationNetherlands
ISSN0926-6690
1872-633X
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.12.032
Web Address (URL)https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0926669017308658
AbstractThe development of sustainable rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) using biologically renewable materials remains a challenge in both academia and industry. This study focuses on the cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) reinforcement of a model RPUF based on a hybrid polyol system of 80:20 ‘polyether’ and palm-kernel oil based ‘polyester’ polyols (PKObP), in order to simultaneously enhance thermal insulation and/or mechanical properties. The addition of 0.4 wt.% CNC in the RPUF afforded a 2.4% improvement (i.e. reduction) in the thermal conductivity (from 24.1 ± 0.4 mW/mK to 23.5 ± 0.3 mW/mK). This is statistically insignificant improvement and the same order of magnitude reported by other studies investigating the effect of micro and nanofiller in RPUF. It was unexpected, as we have previously observed a 5% reduction in thermal conductivity with the same loading (0.4 wt.%) of acid-hydrolysed CNC in the RPUF formulation using the same polyether polyol alone due to improved nucleation. Microscopic and cell content measurements indicated that the presence of the PKObP, which has the basic structure of a non-ionic surfactant, prevented the CNC from acting as a nucleation agent. The nature of interaction between the CNC and PKObP has decreased the specific compressive strength both parallel (−12.0%) and perpendicular (−1.8%) to foam rise. However, the specific Young’s modulus perpendicular to foam rise was significantly improved (8.5%), and this was attributed to the alignment of the CNC in the direction of foam rise.
Keywordscellulose nanocrystal (cnc); Palm kernel oil based polyester polyol (PKObP); Rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF); Thermal conductivity
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020340302. Macromolecular materials
401602. Composite and hybrid materials
401807. Nanomaterials
Public NotesFiles associated with this item cannot be displayed due to copyright restrictions.
Byline AffiliationsUniversity of Queensland
Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Indonesia
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