Latitudinal variations over Australia of the solar UV exposures for vitamin D3 in shade compared to full sun

Article

Turnbull, David J. and Parisi, Alfio V.. 2010. "Latitudinal variations over Australia of the solar UV exposures for vitamin D3 in shade compared to full sun." Radiation Research. 173 (3), pp. 373-379. https://doi.org/10.1667/RR1951.1
Article Title

Latitudinal variations over Australia of the solar UV exposures for vitamin D3 in shade compared to full sun

ERA Journal ID2117
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsTurnbull, David J. (Author) and Parisi, Alfio V. (Author)
Journal TitleRadiation Research
Journal Citation173 (3), pp. 373-379
Number of Pages7
Year2010
Place of PublicationLawrence, KS. United States
ISSN0033-7587
1938-5404
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1667/RR1951.1
Web Address (URL)http://www.rrjournal.org/toc/rare/173/3
Abstract

This paper reports on the variation of UV radiation in full sun and in shade and how this relates to the physiologic production of vitamin D3 for various latitudes. Calibrated spectral measurements were employed to measure the UV radiation in the shade of numerous shade environments for varying solar zenith angles and seasons. This was for exposures to the horizontal, 45o and vertical planes for the solar zenith angle (SZA) range of approximately 5o to 80o. For a SZA of approximately 5o, average ultraviolet radiation irradiances required for vitamin D3 production (UVD3) were 0.67 W/m2 and 0.20 W/m2 for global and for shade with a sky view of greater than 40% respectively. The best time to expose the human body to UV radiation while utilising shaded environments with a sky view of greater than 40% for vitamin D3 synthesis is for SZAs less than approximately 45o. Shade can be used throughout Australia during summer and winter. However, winter exposure times will vary depending on the latitude. Utilising shade for UVD3 exposures can reduce total UV exposure by 37% to 58% compared to full sun UVD3 exposures. This research indicates that an improved approach to optimise UV exposures for the production of vitamin D3 is to utilise diffuse UV under shade in and around the middle of the day.

Keywordsvitamin D; latitude; UV; shade; diffuse
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020429999. Other health sciences not elsewhere classified
519999. Other physical sciences not elsewhere classified
370106. Atmospheric radiation
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Byline AffiliationsCentre for Rural and Remote Area Health
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Downs, Nathan J., Parisi, Alfio V., Butler, Harry, Rawlings, Alex and Elrahoumi, Raja Salem. 2017. "An Inexpensive High-Temporal Resolution Electronic Sun Journal for Monitoring Personal Day to Day Sun Exposure Patterns." Frontiers in Public Health. 5, pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2017.00310
Long-term UV dosimeter based on polyvinyl chloride for plant damage effective UV exposure measurements
Parisi, Alfio V., Amar, Abdurazaq and Igoe, Damien P.. 2017. "Long-term UV dosimeter based on polyvinyl chloride for plant damage effective UV exposure measurements." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 243, pp. 68-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.05.012
Detection of ultraviolet B radiation with internal smartphone sensors
Turner, Joanna, Parisi, Alfio V., Igoe, Damien P. and Amar, Abdurazaq. 2017. "Detection of ultraviolet B radiation with internal smartphone sensors." Instrumentation Science and Technology. 45 (6), pp. 618-638. https://doi.org/10.1080/10739149.2017.1298042
Characterisation of a smartphone image sensor response to direct solar 305 nm irradiation at high air masses
Igoe, D. P., Amar, A., Parisi, A. V. and Turner, J.. 2017. "Characterisation of a smartphone image sensor response to direct solar 305 nm irradiation at high air masses." Science of the Total Environment. 587-588, pp. 407-413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.175
Very short-term reactive forecasting of the solar ultraviolet index using an extreme learning machine integrated with the solar zenith angle
Deo, Ravinesh C., Downs, Nathan, Parisi, Alfio V., Adamowski, Jan F. and Quilty, John M.. 2017. "Very short-term reactive forecasting of the solar ultraviolet index using an extreme learning machine integrated with the solar zenith angle." Environmental Research. 155, pp. 141-166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.01.035
Validation of ozone monitoring instrument UV satellite data using spectral and broadband surface based measurements at a Queensland site
A Jebar, Mustapha A., Parisi, Alfio V., Downs, Nathan J. and Turner, Joanna F.. 2017. "Validation of ozone monitoring instrument UV satellite data using spectral and broadband surface based measurements at a Queensland site." Photochemistry and Photobiology. 93 (5), pp. 1289-1293. https://doi.org/10.1111/php.12784
Solar ultraviolet and the occupational radiant exposure of Queensland school teachers: a comparative study between teaching classifications and behavior patterns
Downs, Nathan J., Harrison, Simone L., Garzon Chavez, Daniel R. and Parisi, Alfio V.. 2016. "Solar ultraviolet and the occupational radiant exposure of Queensland school teachers: a comparative study between teaching classifications and behavior patterns." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology. 158, pp. 105-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.02.018
Dual calibrated dosimeter for simultaneous measurements of erythemal and vitamin D effective solar ultraviolet radiation
Wainwright, L., Parisi, A. V. and Downs, N.. 2016. "Dual calibrated dosimeter for simultaneous measurements of erythemal and vitamin D effective solar ultraviolet radiation." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology. 157, pp. 15-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.02.003
Final report on sun tanning units in Queensland
Parisi, Alfio. 2000. Final report on sun tanning units in Queensland. Australia. Queensland Health.
Concurrent evaluation of personal damaging and beneficial UV exposures over an extended period
Wainwright, L. K., Parisi, A. V. and Downs, N. J.. 2017. "Concurrent evaluation of personal damaging and beneficial UV exposures over an extended period." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology. 170, pp. 188-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.04.013
Investigation of unstabilized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) for use as a long-term UV dosimeter: preliminary results
Amar, Abdurazaq and Parisi, Alfio V.. 2012. "Investigation of unstabilized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) for use as a long-term UV dosimeter: preliminary results." 37th Annual Conference of the Australasian Radiation Protection Society (ARPS 2012): Radiation Safety: Bridging the Gap. Sydney, Australia 14 - 17 Oct 2012 Hobart, Australia.
Comparison of GOME-2 UVA satellite data to ground-based spectroradiometer measurements at a subtropical site
Parisi, Alfio V., Downs, Nathan, Turner, Joanna and King, Rachel. 2017. "Comparison of GOME-2 UVA satellite data to ground-based spectroradiometer measurements at a subtropical site." IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. 55 (6), pp. 3145-3149. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2017.2662714
Educating the younger generation (and the public) in UV effects with a simple experiment
Turner, Joanna, Parisi, Alfio V. and Downs, Nathan. 2013. "Educating the younger generation (and the public) in UV effects with a simple experiment." Byrne, Scott and Chen, Min (ed.) 6th Asia & Oceania Conference on Photobiology (AOCP 2013): Life on a Sun-Drenched Planet. Sydney, Australia 10 - 13 Nov 2013
In-situ measurements of solar exposure distribution on a coral reef: preliminary findings relating to reef aspect, water turbidity and dosimeter design
Downs, N. J., Schouten, P. W. and Parisi, A. V.. 2016. "In-situ measurements of solar exposure distribution on a coral reef: preliminary findings relating to reef aspect, water turbidity and dosimeter design." 13th International Coral Reef Symposium. Honolulu, Hawaii 19 - 24 Jun 2016
Solar ultraviolet attenuation during the Australian (Red Dawn) dust event of 23 September 2009
Downs, Nathan, Butler, Harry and Parisi, Alfio. 2016. "Solar ultraviolet attenuation during the Australian (Red Dawn) dust event of 23 September 2009." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 97 (11), pp. 2039-2050. https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-15-00053.1
Characterization of cloud cover with a smartphone camera
Parisi, A. V., Downs, N., Igoe, D. and Turner, J.. 2016. "Characterization of cloud cover with a smartphone camera." Instrumentation Science and Technology. 44 (1), pp. 23-34. https://doi.org/10.1080/10739149.2015.1055577
Solar radiation and the UV index: an application of numerical integration, trigonometric functions, online education and the modelling process
Downs, Nathan, Parisi, Alfio, Galligan, Linda, Turner, Joanna, Amar, Abdurazaq, King, Rachel, Ultra, Filipina and Butler, Harry. 2016. "Solar radiation and the UV index: an application of numerical integration, trigonometric functions, online education and the modelling process." International Journal of Research in Education and Science. 2 (1), pp. 179-189.
Characterisation of the corrosion of iron using a smartphone camera
Igoe, D. and Parisi, A. V.. 2016. "Characterisation of the corrosion of iron using a smartphone camera." Instrumentation Science and Technology. 44 (2), pp. 139-147. https://doi.org/10.1080/10739149.2015.1082484
Broadband direct UVA irradiance measurement for clear skies evaluated using a smartphone
Igoe, D. and Parisi, A. V.. 2015. "Broadband direct UVA irradiance measurement for clear skies evaluated using a smartphone." Radiation Protection Dosimetry. 167 (4), pp. 485-489. https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncu344
Students as toolmakers: refining the results in the accuracy and precision of a trigonometric activity
Igoe, D. P., Parisi, A. V. and Wagner, S.. 2017. "Students as toolmakers: refining the results in the accuracy and precision of a trigonometric activity." International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology. 48 (4), pp. 641-645. https://doi.org/10.1080/0020739X.2016.1256446
Online educative activities for solar ultraviolet radiation based on measurements of cloud amount and solar exposures
Parisi, A. V., Downs, N., Turner, J. and Amar, A.. 2016. "Online educative activities for solar ultraviolet radiation based on measurements of cloud amount and solar exposures." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology. 162, pp. 434-440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.07.015
Spectral variations of solar UV due to natural and built factors
Parisi, Alfio V.. 2015. "Spectral variations of solar UV due to natural and built factors." 13th International Sun Protection Conference 2015: Inspirations from Nature. London, UK 09 - 10 Jun 2015
Queensland teacher sun survey: measurements and procedures for recording occupational UV exposures in Townsville and Toowoomba
Downs, Nathan, Harrison, Simone and Parisi, Alfio. 2015. "Queensland teacher sun survey: measurements and procedures for recording occupational UV exposures in Townsville and Toowoomba." Townsville Health Symposium 2015. Townsville, Australia 07 - 09 Oct 2015 Australia.
Classroom teachers and occupational UV exposure characteristics: Toowoomba and Townsville
Downs, Nathan, Harrison, Simone, Garzon Chavez, Daniel and Parisi, Alfio. 2015. "Classroom teachers and occupational UV exposure characteristics: Toowoomba and Townsville." 3rd International Conference on UV and Skin Cancer Prevention 2015. Melbourne, Victoria 07 - 11 Dec 2015
Solar current output as a function of sun elevation: students as toolmakers
Igoe, D. P. and Parisi, A. V.. 2015. "Solar current output as a function of sun elevation: students as toolmakers." Physics Education. 50 (5), pp. 657-661. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9120/50/6/657
Dosimeter based on 8-Methoxypsoralen for UVA exposures over extended periods
Wainwright, Lisa, Parisi, Alfio V. and Downs, Nathan. 2015. "Dosimeter based on 8-Methoxypsoralen for UVA exposures over extended periods." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology. 148, pp. 246-251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.04.012
Evaluation of a smartphone sensor to broadband and to narrow band ultraviolet A radiation
Igoe, D. and Parisi, A. V.. 2015. "Evaluation of a smartphone sensor to broadband and to narrow band ultraviolet A radiation." Instrumentation Science and Technology. 43 (3), pp. 283-289. https://doi.org/10.1080/10739149.2014.1002039
Extreme UV index and solar exposures at Plateau Rosa (3500m a.s.l.) in Valle d'Aosta region, Italy
Casale, Giuseppe R., Siani, Anna Maria, Diemoz, Henri, Agnesod, Giovanni, Parisi, Alfio V. and Colosimo, Alfredo. 2015. "Extreme UV index and solar exposures at Plateau Rosa (3500m a.s.l.) in Valle d'Aosta region, Italy." Science of the Total Environment. 512-513, pp. 622-630. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.01.049
Minimum exposure limits and measured relationships between the vitamin D, erythema and International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection solar ultraviolet
Downs, Nathan, Parisi, Alfio, Butler, Harry, Turner, Joanna and Wainwright, Lisa. 2015. "Minimum exposure limits and measured relationships between the vitamin D, erythema and International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection solar ultraviolet." Photochemistry and Photobiology. 91 (2), pp. 438-449. https://doi.org/10.1111/php.12394
A method for determining the dark response for scientific imaging with smartphones
Igoe, D., Parisi, A. V. and Carter, B.. 2014. "A method for determining the dark response for scientific imaging with smartphones." Instrumentation Science and Technology. 42 (5), pp. 586-592. https://doi.org/10.1080/10739149.2014.915557
Investigation on the capability of polysulphone for measuring biologically effective solar UV exposures
Siani, Anna Maria, Casale, Guiseppe R., Modesti, Sarah, Parisi, Alfio V. and Colosimo, Alfredo. 2014. "Investigation on the capability of polysulphone for measuring biologically effective solar UV exposures." Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences. 13 (3), pp. 521-530. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3pp50267h
From ultraviolet to Prussian blue: a spectral response for the cyanotype process and a safe educational activity to explain UV exposure for all ages
Turner, J., Parisi, A. V., Downs, N. and Lynch, M.. 2014. "From ultraviolet to Prussian blue: a spectral response for the cyanotype process and a safe educational activity to explain UV exposure for all ages." Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences. 13 (12), pp. 1753-1764. https://doi.org/10.1039/c4pp00166d
Ultraviolet exposure measurements on a coral reef by application of polyphenylene oxide film dosimeters
Downs, Nathan J., Schouten, Peter W. and Parisi, Alfio V.. 2012. "Ultraviolet exposure measurements on a coral reef by application of polyphenylene oxide film dosimeters." Balenovic, Damijan and Stimac, Emilije (ed.) Radiation exposure: sources, impact and reduction strategies. Hauppauge, NY. United States. Nova Science Publishers. pp. 189-198
Evaluation of the cloudy sky solar UVA radiation exposures
Parisi, A. V., Downs, N. and Turner, J.. 2014. "Evaluation of the cloudy sky solar UVA radiation exposures." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology. 138, pp. 141-145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.05.012
Shade provision for UV minimization: a review
Parisi, Alfio V. and Turnbull, David J.. 2014. "Shade provision for UV minimization: a review." Photochemistry and Photobiology. 90 (3), pp. 479-490. https://doi.org/10.1111/php.12237
Measurements of occupational ultraviolet exposure and the implications of timetabled yard duty for school teachers in Queensland, Australia: preliminary results
Downs, N. J., Parisi, A. V. and Igoe, D.. 2014. "Measurements of occupational ultraviolet exposure and the implications of timetabled yard duty for school teachers in Queensland, Australia: preliminary results." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology. 131, pp. 84-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.01.012
Actinic exposure film dosimetry: indicators of occupational exposure risk for office workers and school teachers
Downs, N., Parisi, A., Igoe, D., Wainwright, L. and Butler, H.. 2013. "Actinic exposure film dosimetry: indicators of occupational exposure risk for office workers and school teachers." Byrne, Scott and Chen, Min (ed.) 6th Asia & Oceania Conference on Photobiology (AOCP 2013): Life on a Sun-Drenched Planet. Sydney, Australia 10 - 13 Nov 2013
Smartphone based Android app for determining UVA aerosol optical depth and direct solar irradiances
Igoe, Damien P., Parisi, Alfio and Carter, Brad. 2014. "Smartphone based Android app for determining UVA aerosol optical depth and direct solar irradiances." Photochemistry and Photobiology. 90 (1), pp. 233-237. https://doi.org/10.1111/php.12185
Spectral response of solvent-cast polyvinyl chloride (PVC) thin film used as a long-term UV dosimeter
Amar, Abdurazaq and Parisi, Alfio V.. 2013. "Spectral response of solvent-cast polyvinyl chloride (PVC) thin film used as a long-term UV dosimeter." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology. 125, pp. 115-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2013.05.012
Optical properties of a long dynamic range chemical UV dosimeter based on solvent cast polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Amar, Abdurazaq and Parisi, Alfio V.. 2013. "Optical properties of a long dynamic range chemical UV dosimeter based on solvent cast polyvinyl chloride (PVC)." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology. 128, pp. 92-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2013.09.001
Home workers and ultraviolet radiation exposure
Kimlin, M. G., Parisi, A. V. and Wong, J. C. F.. 1999. "Home workers and ultraviolet radiation exposure." Wong, Joe and Parisi, Alfio (ed.) 2nd Internet Conference on Photochemistry and Photobiology: Protection Against the Hazards of UVR 1999. 18 Jan - 05 Feb 1999
Validation of OMI satellite erythemal daily dose retrievals using ground-based measurements from fourteen stations
Mateos, D., Bilbao, J., Kudish, A. I., Parisi, A. V., Carbajal, G., di Sarra, A., Roman, R. and de Miguel, A.. 2013. "Validation of OMI satellite erythemal daily dose retrievals using ground-based measurements from fourteen stations." Remote Sensing of Environment: an interdisciplinary journal. 128, pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2012.09.015
Influence of reflected UV irradiance on occupational exposure from combinations of reflective wall surfaces
Turner, Joanna and Parisi, Alfio V.. 2013. "Influence of reflected UV irradiance on occupational exposure from combinations of reflective wall surfaces." Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences. 12 (9), pp. 1589-1595. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3pp50059d
Evaluating UVA aerosol optical depth using a Smartphone camera
Igoe, Damien P., Parisi, Alfio V. and Carter, Brad. 2013. "Evaluating UVA aerosol optical depth using a Smartphone camera." Photochemistry and Photobiology. 89 (5), pp. 1244-1248. https://doi.org/10.1111/php.12082
Seasonal variations in the subsurface ultraviolet-B on an inshore Pacific coral reef ecosystem
Downs, Nathan J., Schouten, Peter W. and Parisi, Alfio V.. 2013. "Seasonal variations in the subsurface ultraviolet-B on an inshore Pacific coral reef ecosystem." Photochemistry and Photobiology. 89 (5), pp. 1234-1243. https://doi.org/10.1111/php.12101
Making small-scale classroom greenhouse gas flux calculations using a handmade gas capture hood
Schouten, Peter W., Sharma, Ashok, Burn, Stewart, Goodman, Nigel, Parisi, Alfio, Downs, Nathan and Lemckert, Charles. 2013. "Making small-scale classroom greenhouse gas flux calculations using a handmade gas capture hood." Teaching Science: The Journal of the Australian Science Teachers Association. 59 (1), pp. 48-53.
Smartphones as tools for delivering sun-smart education to students
Igoe, Damien, Parisi, Alfio and Carter, Brad. 2013. "Smartphones as tools for delivering sun-smart education to students." Teaching Science: The Journal of the Australian Science Teachers Association. 59 (1), pp. 36-38.
Daily erythemal radiation validation of satellite retrievals using 14 ground-based stations in both hemispheres
Mateos, D., Bilbao, J., Kudish, A., Parisi, A. V., Carbajal, G., di Sarra, A., Roman, R. and de Miguel, A.. 2012. "Daily erythemal radiation validation of satellite retrievals using 14 ground-based stations in both hemispheres." International Radiation Symposium (IRS 2012). Berlin, Germany 06 - 10 Aug 2012 Gottingen, Germany.
Measuring ultraviolet radiation exposure of individual grape bunches
Kennedy, Ursula J., Rhymer, Dylan J., Parisi, Alfio V. and Learmonth, Robert P.. 2012. "Measuring ultraviolet radiation exposure of individual grape bunches." Darriet, P., Geny, L., Lonvaud, A., Lucas, P., de Revel, G. and Teissedre, P-L. (ed.) 9th International Symposium of Oenology (OENO 2011). Bordeaux, France 15 - 17 Jun 2011 Paris, France.
Underwater deployment of the polyphenylene oxide dosimeter combined with a neutral density filter to measure long-term solar UVB exposures
Schouten, P. W. and Parisi, A. V.. 2012. "Underwater deployment of the polyphenylene oxide dosimeter combined with a neutral density filter to measure long-term solar UVB exposures." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology. 112, pp. 31-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2012.04.004
Characterisation and evaluation of a miniaturised polyphenylene oxide dosimeter for ultraviolet exposures
Wainwright, Lisa, Parisi, Alfio and Schouten, Peter. 2013. "Characterisation and evaluation of a miniaturised polyphenylene oxide dosimeter for ultraviolet exposures." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology. 120, pp. 98-103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2013.02.003
Characterization of a smartphone camera's response to ultraviolet A radiation
Igoe, Damien, Parisi, Alfio and Carter, Brad. 2013. "Characterization of a smartphone camera's response to ultraviolet A radiation." Photochemistry and Photobiology. 89 (1), pp. 215-218. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.2012.01216.x
Ultraviolet reflection irradiances and exposures in the constructed environment for horizontal, vertical and inclined surfaces
Turner, Joanna and Parisi, Alfio V.. 2013. "Ultraviolet reflection irradiances and exposures in the constructed environment for horizontal, vertical and inclined surfaces." Photochemistry and Photobiology. 89 (3), pp. 730-736. https://doi.org/10.1111/php.12025
Dosimetric investigation of the solar erythemal UV radiation protection provided by beards and moustaches
Parisi, A. V., Turnbull, D. J., Downs, N. and Smith, D.. 2012. "Dosimetric investigation of the solar erythemal UV radiation protection provided by beards and moustaches." Radiation Protection Dosimetry. 150 (3), pp. 278-282. https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncr418
A practical science investigation for middle school students: designing a simple cost effective chemical solar radiation dosimeter
Downs, Nathan, Larsen, Kim, Parisi, Alfio, Schouten, Peter and Brennan, Chris. 2012. "A practical science investigation for middle school students: designing a simple cost effective chemical solar radiation dosimeter." Teaching Science: The Journal of the Australian Science Teachers Association. 58 (1), pp. 48-51.
Determination of the usage of shade structures via a dosimetry technique
Parisi, Alfio V., Eley, Robert and Downs, Nathan. 2012. "Determination of the usage of shade structures via a dosimetry technique." Photochemistry and Photobiology. 88 (4), pp. 1012-1015. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.2012.01111.x
Influence of high levels of cloud cover on vitamin D effective and erythemal solar UV irradiances
Parisi, Alfio V., Turnbull, David J. and Downs, Nathan J.. 2012. "Influence of high levels of cloud cover on vitamin D effective and erythemal solar UV irradiances." Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences. 11 (12), pp. 1855-1859. https://doi.org/10.1039/c2pp25160d
Annual measurement of solar UVB at a reef site using a polyphenylene oxide dosimeter
Downs, Nathan, Parisi, Alfio V. and Schouten, Peter. 2012. "Annual measurement of solar UVB at a reef site using a polyphenylene oxide dosimeter." Yellowlees, D. and Hughes, T. P. (ed.) 12th International Coral Reef Symposium. Cairns, Australia 09 - 13 Jul 2012 Townsville, Australia.
Investigation of unstabilized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) for use as a long-term UV dosimeter: preliminary results
Amar, Abdurazaq and Parisi, Alfio V.. 2012. "Investigation of unstabilized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) for use as a long-term UV dosimeter: preliminary results." Measurement Science and Technology. 23 (8), pp. 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/23/8/085703
Improved method of ultraviolet radiation reflection measurement for non-horizontal urban surfaces
Turner, J. and Parisi, A. V.. 2012. "Improved method of ultraviolet radiation reflection measurement for non-horizontal urban surfaces." Measurement Science and Technology. 23 (4), pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/23/4/045701
Mean exposure fractions of human body solar UV exposure patterns for application in different ambient climates
Downs, Nathan and Parisi, Alfio. 2012. "Mean exposure fractions of human body solar UV exposure patterns for application in different ambient climates." Photochemistry and Photobiology. 88 (1), pp. 223-226. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.2011.01025.x
Potential dosemeter for quantifying biologically effective blue light exposures
Turnbull, David J. and Parisi, Alfio V.. 2012. "Potential dosemeter for quantifying biologically effective blue light exposures." Radiation Protection Dosimetry. 149 (3), pp. 245-250. https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncr251
Alternative methods for the reduction of evaporation: practical exercises for the science classroom
Schouten, Peter, Putland, Sam, Lemckert, Charles J., Parisi, Alfio V. and Downs, Nathan. 2012. "Alternative methods for the reduction of evaporation: practical exercises for the science classroom." Physics Education. 47 (2), pp. 202-210. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9120/47/2/202
Comparison of the solar spectral ultraviolet irradiance in motor vehicles with windows in an open and closed position
Kimlin, Michael G., Parisi, Alfio, Carter, Brad D. and Turnbull, David J.. 2002. "Comparison of the solar spectral ultraviolet irradiance in motor vehicles with windows in an open and closed position." International Journal of Biometeorology: the description, causes, and implications of climatic change. 46 (3), pp. 150-156. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-002-0131-5
Understanding the UVA environment at a sub-tropical site and its consequent impact on human UVA exposure
Kimlin, Michael G., Parisi, Alfio, Sabburg, Jeff and Downs, Nathan. 2002. "Understanding the UVA environment at a sub-tropical site and its consequent impact on human UVA exposure." Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences. 1 (7), pp. 478-482. https://doi.org/10.1039/b200844k
Human UVA exposures estimated from ambient UVA measurements
Kimlin, Michael G., Parisi, Alfio and Downs, Nathan. 2003. "Human UVA exposures estimated from ambient UVA measurements." Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences. 2 (4), pp. 365-369. https://doi.org/10.1039/b207953d
Comparison of human facial UV exposure at high and low latitudes and the potential impact on dermal vitamin D production
Kimlin, M. G., Downs, N. J. and Parisi, A. V.. 2003. "Comparison of human facial UV exposure at high and low latitudes and the potential impact on dermal vitamin D production." Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences. 2 (4), pp. 370-375. https://doi.org/10.1039/b211830k
Scattered UV radiation, shade structures and Vitamin D
Turnbull, David J. and Parisi, Alfio. 2007. "Scattered UV radiation, shade structures and Vitamin D." 12th Congress of the European Society for Photobiology. Bath, England 01 - 06 Sep 2007 England.
Preliminary UV, ozone and cloud comparison between southern and northern hemisphere, sub-tropical latitude sites during 1996/1997
Sabburg, J., Parisi, A., Wong, J. and Meldrum, L.. 2001. "Preliminary UV, ozone and cloud comparison between southern and northern hemisphere, sub-tropical latitude sites during 1996/1997." Journal of Atmospheric and Solar: Terrestrial Physics. 63 (15), pp. 1623-1629. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6826(01)00043-8
Effect of cloud on UVA and exposure to humans
Sabburg, J., Parisi, A. V. and Wong, J. C. F.. 2001. "Effect of cloud on UVA and exposure to humans." Photochemistry and Photobiology. 74 (3), pp. 412-416. https://doi.org/10.1562/0031-8655(2001)0740412EOCOUA2.0.CO2
Utilising polyphenylene oxide for long term solar UVA dosimetry
Turnbull, David J. and Schouten, Peter. 2007. "Utilising polyphenylene oxide for long term solar UVA dosimetry." 12th Congress of the European Society for Photobiology. Bath, England 01 - 06 Sep 2007 Bath, England.
Quantification of the protection from solar ultraviolet radiation provided by tree shade
Parisi, Alfio. 1999. "Quantification of the protection from solar ultraviolet radiation provided by tree shade." Queensland Health Commissioned Cancer Prevention Research Conference (1999). Brisbane, Australia 26 Nov 1999 Brisbane.
Extending the dynamic range of polysulphone for measuring UV exposures
Parisi, Alfio and Kimlin, Michael G.. 2003. "Extending the dynamic range of polysulphone for measuring UV exposures." Slusser, James R., Herman, Jay R. and Gao, Wei (ed.) SPIE Annual Meeting 2003. San Diego, United States 03 Aug 2003 United States. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.509067
Variations in the short wavelength cut-off of the solar UV spectra
Parisi, Alfio and Turner, Joanna. 2006. "Variations in the short wavelength cut-off of the solar UV spectra." Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences. 5 (3), pp. 331-335. https://doi.org/10.1039/b512029b
Influence of solar UVA on erythemal irradiances
Parisi, Alfio, Turnbull, David J. and Kimlin, Michael G.. 2006. "Influence of solar UVA on erythemal irradiances." Physics in Medicine and Biology. 51, pp. 3241-3249. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/51/12/016
Spectral shade ratios on horizontal and sun normal surfaces for single trees and relatively cloud free sky
Parisi, Alfio, Kimlin, Michael G. and Turnbull, David J.. 2001. "Spectral shade ratios on horizontal and sun normal surfaces for single trees and relatively cloud free sky." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology. 65 (2-3), pp. 151-156. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1011-1344(01)00258-5
Comparison between seasons of the ultraviolet environment in the shade of trees in Australia
Parisi, A. V., Wong, J. C. F., Kimlin, M. G., Turnbull, D. and Lester, R.. 2001. "Comparison between seasons of the ultraviolet environment in the shade of trees in Australia." Photodermatology, Photoimmunology and Photomedicine. 17 (2), pp. 55-59. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0781.2001.017002055.x
Diffuse Solar UV Radiation and Implications for Preventing Human Eye Damage
Parisi, Alfio, Green, Adele and Kimlin, Michael G.. 2001. "Diffuse Solar UV Radiation and Implications for Preventing Human Eye Damage." Photochemistry and Photobiology. 73 (2), pp. 135-139. https://doi.org/10.1562/0031-8655(2001)0730135DSURAI2.0.CO2
Potential of phenothiazine as a thin film dosimeter for UV-A exposures
Parisi, Alfio, Kimlin, Michael G., Turnbull, David J. and Macaranas, J.. 2005. "Potential of phenothiazine as a thin film dosimeter for UV-A exposures." Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences. 4 (11), pp. 907-910. https://doi.org/10.1039/b508553e
Variation of the enhanced biologically damaging solar UV due to clouds
Parisi, Alfio and Downs, Nathan. 2004. "Variation of the enhanced biologically damaging solar UV due to clouds." Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences. 3 (7), pp. 643-647. https://doi.org/10.1039/b402035a
Lower body anatomical distribution of solar ultraviolet radiation on the human form in standing and sitting postures
Parisi, Alfio, Kimlin, Michael G., Lester, Rick A. and Turnbull, David J.. 2003. "Lower body anatomical distribution of solar ultraviolet radiation on the human form in standing and sitting postures." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology. 69 (1), pp. 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1011-1344(02)00385-8
How safe is a place in the shade?
Turnbull, David J.. 2004. "How safe is a place in the shade?" Campus Review. 14 (12), p. 9.
Effective shade structures
Turnbull, David J. and Parisi, Alfio. 2006. "Effective shade structures." Medical Journal of Australia. 184 (1), pp. 13-15.
Penetration of solar erythemal UV radiation in the shade of two common Australian trees
Parisi, A. V., Willey, A., Kimlin, M. G. and Wong, J. C. F.. 1999. "Penetration of solar erythemal UV radiation in the shade of two common Australian trees." Health Physics. 76 (6 (Supplement)), pp. 682-686.
Spectral UV in public shade settings
Turnbull, David J. and Parisi, Alfio. 2003. "Spectral UV in public shade settings." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology. 69 (1), pp. 13-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1011-1344(02)00387-1
Spectral ultraviolet albedo of roofing surfaces and human facial exposure
Parisi, Alfio and Lester, Rick A.. 2002. "Spectral ultraviolet albedo of roofing surfaces and human facial exposure." International Journal of Environmental Health Research. 12 (1), pp. 75-81. https://doi.org/10.1080/09603120120110077
Solar ultraviolet exposures at ground level in tree shade during summer in south east Queensland
Parisi, Alfio V., Kimlin, Michael G., Wong, Joe C. F. and Wilson, Meegan. 2001. "Solar ultraviolet exposures at ground level in tree shade during summer in south east Queensland." International Journal of Environmental Health Research. 11 (2), pp. 117-127. https://doi.org/10.1080/09603120020047500
Diffuse solar ultraviolet radiation
Parisi, Alfio and Turnbull, David J.. 2005. "Diffuse solar ultraviolet radiation." International Ophthalmology Clinics. 45 (1), pp. 19-27.
Seasonal variation of facial UV exposures in the shade
Turnbull, David J. and Parisi, Alfio V.. 2011. "Seasonal variation of facial UV exposures in the shade." Household and Personal Care Today.
Basal and squamous cell carcinoma risks for golfers: an assessment of the influence of tee time for latitudes in the northern and southern hemispheres
Downs, Nathan, Parisi, Alfio and Schouten, Peter. 2011. "Basal and squamous cell carcinoma risks for golfers: an assessment of the influence of tee time for latitudes in the northern and southern hemispheres." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology. 105 (1), pp. 98-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2011.07.007
Variable wind speed and evaporation rates: a practical and modelling exercise for high school physics and multi-strand science classes
Schouten, Peter, Lemckert, Charles, Parisi, Alfio, Downs, Nathan, Underhill, Ian and Turner, Geoff. 2011. "Variable wind speed and evaporation rates: a practical and modelling exercise for high school physics and multi-strand science classes." Teaching Science: The Journal of the Australian Science Teachers Association. 57 (2), pp. 47-51.
Chemical films and monolayers on the water surface and their interactions with ultraviolet radiation: a pilot investigation
Schouten, Peter, Lemckert, Charles, Turnbull, David, Parisi, Alfio, Downs, Nathan, Underhill, Ian and Turner, Geoff. 2011. "Chemical films and monolayers on the water surface and their interactions with ultraviolet radiation: a pilot investigation." Measurement Science and Technology. 22 (6), pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/22/6/065703
Experiment kit for first year physics students to undertake practicals at any place and any time
Parisi, Alfio and Turner, Joanna. 2009. "Experiment kit for first year physics students to undertake practicals at any place and any time." Kift, Sally (ed.) ALTC First Year Experience Curriculum Design Symposium 2009. Brisbane, Australia 05 - 06 Feb 2009 Brisbane, Australia.
Direct comparison between the angular distributions of the erythemal and eye-damaging UV irradiances: a pilot study
Schouten, P. and Parisi, A. V.. 2011. "Direct comparison between the angular distributions of the erythemal and eye-damaging UV irradiances: a pilot study." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology. 102 (2), pp. 146-155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2010.11.001
Solar UV radiation in schools: issues and risks for children and adolescents
Downs, Nathan and Parisi, Alfio. 2011. "Solar UV radiation in schools: issues and risks for children and adolescents." Household and Personal Care Today. 4, pp. 10-12.
Solar ultraviolet radiation incident upon reef snorkelers determined by consideration of the partial immersion of dosimeters in the natural ocean environment
Downs, Nathan, Parisi, Alfio and Schouten, Peter. 2011. "Solar ultraviolet radiation incident upon reef snorkelers determined by consideration of the partial immersion of dosimeters in the natural ocean environment." Measurement Science and Technology. 22 (1), pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/22/1/015801
Variations in UV exposure due to reflected UV radiation in the urban environment
Turner, Joanna and Parisi, Alfio. 2010. "Variations in UV exposure due to reflected UV radiation in the urban environment." 35th Meeting of the American Society for Photobiology. Brown University, Providence, United States 12 - 16 Jun 2010 USA.
Understanding UV reflection in the urban environment
Turner, Joanna and Parisi, Alfio. 2010. "Understanding UV reflection in the urban environment." NIWA 2010 UV Workshop: UV Radiation and its Effects - an Update 2010. Queenstown, New Zealand 07 - 09 May 2010 Wellington, New Zealand.
Phenothiazine UVA dosimeter: characteristics and performance
Jia, Keqin, Parisi, Alfio V. and Kimlin, Michael G.. 2010. "Phenothiazine UVA dosimeter: characteristics and performance." Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences. 9 (9), pp. 1224-1227. https://doi.org/10.1039/c0pp00094a
Describing the ultra violet light radiation environment of the grape bunch
Kennedy, Ursula J., Rhymer, Dylan, Parisi, Alfio and Learmonth, Robert P.. 2010. "Describing the ultra violet light radiation environment of the grape bunch." 14th Australian Wine Industry Technical Conference. Adelaide, Australia 03 - 08 Jul 2010 Adelaide, Australia.
Sunlight and ultraviolet radiation
Parisi, Alfio, Schouten, Peter, Turnbull, David J., Turner, Joanna and Downs, Nathan. 2010. "Sunlight and ultraviolet radiation." Tuncer, A. Murat (ed.) Cancer report 2010. Ankara, Turkey. New Hope in Health Foundation.
Lawn bowls and solar ultraviolet radiation in Australia: exposures, risks and potential benefits for the production of vitamin D
Downs, Nathan, Turnbull, David, Parisi, Alfio, Schouten, Peter and Turner, Joanna. 2010. "Lawn bowls and solar ultraviolet radiation in Australia: exposures, risks and potential benefits for the production of vitamin D." AHMR 2010: 5th Australian Health and Medical Research Congress. Melbourne, Australia 14 - 18 Nov 2010 Sydney, Australia.
Remote laboratories and experiment kits for tertiary Physics distance education students: where is USQ now?
Turner, Joanna, Parisi, Alfio V., Carter, Brad and Brown, Carolyn. 2010. "Remote laboratories and experiment kits for tertiary Physics distance education students: where is USQ now?" Barberio, E. and Hannaford, P. (ed.) AIP 2010: 19th Australian Institute of Physics Congress. Melbourne, Australia 05 - 09 Dec 2010 Melbourne, Australia.
Ultraviolet reflection and outdoor workers: why warm seasons have less influence on reflected UV exposures than cool seasons
Turner, Joanna and Parisi, Alfio V.. 2010. "Ultraviolet reflection and outdoor workers: why warm seasons have less influence on reflected UV exposures than cool seasons." Barberio, E. and Hannaford, P. (ed.) AIP 2010: 19th Australian Institute of Physics Congress. Melbourne, Australia 05 - 09 Dec 2010 Melbourne, Australia.
Techniques for solar dosimetry in different environments
Parisi, Alfio V., Turnbull, David J., Schouten, Peter, Downs, Nathan and Turner, Joanna. 2010. "Techniques for solar dosimetry in different environments." Gao, Wei, Schmoldt, Daniel L. and Slusser, James R. (ed.) UV radiation in global climate change: measurements, modeling and effects on ecosystems. Heidelberg, Germany. Springer. pp. 192-204
Sunlight and solar cells: teaching digital design and communication through the development of a simple monitoring station
Downs, Nathan and Parisi, Alfio. 2010. "Sunlight and solar cells: teaching digital design and communication through the development of a simple monitoring station." Teaching Science: The Journal of the Australian Science Teachers Association. 56 (4), pp. 52-58.
Solar UV exposures measured simultaneously to all arbitrarily oriented leaves on a plant
Parisi, Alfio, Schouten, Peter, Downs, Nathan and Turner, Joanna. 2010. "Solar UV exposures measured simultaneously to all arbitrarily oriented leaves on a plant." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology. 99 (2), pp. 87-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2010.02.010
Vitamin D irradiance in summer shade and sun
Turnbull, David J. and Parisi, Alfio. 2010. "Vitamin D irradiance in summer shade and sun." Household and Personal Care Today. 5 (3), pp. 4-6.
Beneficial vitamin D3 producing UV compared to damaging overexposure
Turnbull, David and Parisi, Alfio. 2009. Beneficial vitamin D3 producing UV compared to damaging overexposure. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
Sun exposure, shade and vitamin D: a practical activity for the Australian climate and curriculum
Turnbull, David, Parisi, Alfio and Downs, Nathan. 2010. "Sun exposure, shade and vitamin D: a practical activity for the Australian climate and curriculum." Teaching Science: The Journal of the Australian Science Teachers Association. 56 (3), pp. 43-45.
Usage of the polyphenylene oxide dosimeter to measure annual solar erythemal exposures
Schouten, Peter W., Parisi, Alfio V. and Turnbull, David J.. 2010. "Usage of the polyphenylene oxide dosimeter to measure annual solar erythemal exposures." Photochemistry and Photobiology. 86 (3), pp. 706-710. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.2010.00720.x
UV dosimeter based on Polyphenylene Oxide for the measurement of UV exposures to plants and humans over extended periods
Parisi, Alfio, Schouten, Peter and Turnbull, David J.. 2010. "UV dosimeter based on Polyphenylene Oxide for the measurement of UV exposures to plants and humans over extended periods." NIWA 2010 UV Workshop: UV Radiation and its Effects - an Update 2010. Queenstown, New Zealand 07 - 09 May 2010 Wellington, New Zealand.
Measuring the influence of UV reflection from vertical metal surfaces on humans
Turner, Joanna and Parisi, Alfio V.. 2009. "Measuring the influence of UV reflection from vertical metal surfaces on humans." Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences. 8 (1), pp. 62-69. https://doi.org/10.1039/b814006e
Dosimeter for the measurement of UV exposures related to melanoma induction
Turnbull, David J. and Parisi, Alfio V.. 2010. "Dosimeter for the measurement of UV exposures related to melanoma induction." Physics in Medicine and Biology. 55 (13), pp. 3767-3776. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/55/13/013
Applicability of the polyphenylene oxide film dosimeter to high UV exposures in aquatic environments
Schouten, P. W., Parisi, A. V. and Turnbull, D. J.. 2009. "Applicability of the polyphenylene oxide film dosimeter to high UV exposures in aquatic environments." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology. 96 (3), pp. 184-192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2009.06.007
Extensions in pen ink dosimetry: ultraviolet calibration applications for primary and secondary schools
Downs, Nathan, Parisi, Alfio, Powell, Samantha, Brennan, Chris and Turner, Joanna. 2010. "Extensions in pen ink dosimetry: ultraviolet calibration applications for primary and secondary schools." Teaching Science: The Journal of the Australian Science Teachers Association. 56 (1), pp. 51-56.
Measuring ultraviolet radiation underwater: a practical application of the Beer-Lambert-Bouguer law for high school physics
Schouten, Peter, Parisi, Alfio and Downs, Nathan. 2009. "Measuring ultraviolet radiation underwater: a practical application of the Beer-Lambert-Bouguer law for high school physics." Teaching Science: The Journal of the Australian Science Teachers Association. 55 (4), pp. 50-54.
Measurements of the anatomical distribution of erythemal ultraviolet: a study comparing exposure distribution to the site incidence of solar keratoses, basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma
Downs, Nathan and Parisi, Alfio. 2009. "Measurements of the anatomical distribution of erythemal ultraviolet: a study comparing exposure distribution to the site incidence of solar keratoses, basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma." Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences. 8 (8), pp. 1195-1201. https://doi.org/10.1039/b901741k
Ultraviolet exposures in different playground settings: a cohort study of measurements performed in a school population
Downs, Nathan J. and Parisi, Alfio V.. 2009. "Ultraviolet exposures in different playground settings: a cohort study of measurements performed in a school population." Photodermatology, Photoimmunology and Photomedicine. 25 (4), pp. 196-201. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0781.2009.00441.x
Solar UV exposures measured simultaneously to all arbitrarily oriented leaves on a plant
Parisi, A. V., Schouten, P., Downs, N. J. and Turner, J.. 2009. "Solar UV exposures measured simultaneously to all arbitrarily oriented leaves on a plant." MOCA 2009: Our Warming Planet. Montreal, Canada 19 - 29 Jul 2009 Montreal, Canada.
Empirical evaluation of global vitamin D effective ultraviolet irradiances under cloudy conditions for a sub-tropical southern hemisphere site
Turnbull, David J., Parisi, Alfio V. and Schouten, Peter W.. 2010. "Empirical evaluation of global vitamin D effective ultraviolet irradiances under cloudy conditions for a sub-tropical southern hemisphere site." Radiation Research. 173 (5), pp. 703-708. https://doi.org/10.1667/RR1936.1
Improving the performance of chemical monolayers in reducing farm dam evaporation
Craig, Ian, Schmidt, Erik, Hancock, Nigel, Barnes, Geoff, Turnbull, David J., Pittaway, Pam and Morrison, Pippa. 2006. "Improving the performance of chemical monolayers in reducing farm dam evaporation." 3rd CRC-IF Annual Research Forum. Narrabri, Australia 05 - 06 Dec 2006 Toowoomba, Queensland.
Comparison of biologically effective spectra for erythema and pre-vitamin D3 synthesis
Parisi, A. V., Turnbull, D. J. and Turner, J.. 2009. "Comparison of biologically effective spectra for erythema and pre-vitamin D3 synthesis." International Journal of Biometeorology: the description, causes, and implications of climatic change. 53 (1), pp. 11-15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-008-0186-z
Measurements of the upper body ultraviolet exposure to golfers: non-melanoma skin cancer risk, and the potential benefits of exposure to sunlight
Downs, Nathan, Schouten, Peter, Parisi, Alfio and Turner, Joanna. 2009. "Measurements of the upper body ultraviolet exposure to golfers: non-melanoma skin cancer risk, and the potential benefits of exposure to sunlight." Photodermatology, Photoimmunology and Photomedicine. 25 (6), pp. 317-324. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0781.2009.00472.x
Protection from solar erythemal ultraviolet radiation -simulated wear and laboratory testing
Wilson, Cheryl A. and Parisi, Alfio. 2006. "Protection from solar erythemal ultraviolet radiation -simulated wear and laboratory testing." Textile Research Journal. 76 (3), pp. 216-225. https://doi.org/10.1177/0040517506060907
Assessment of sun exposure in adolescent girls using activity diaries
Sullivan, S. S., Cobb, J. L., Rosen, C. J., Holick, M. F., Chen, T. C., Kimlin, Michael G. and Parisi, Alfio. 2003. "Assessment of sun exposure in adolescent girls using activity diaries." Nutrition Research. 23 (5), pp. 631-644.
Dosimeter for the measurement of plant damaging solar UV exposures
Turner, J., Parisi, A. V. and Turnbull, D. J.. 2009. "Dosimeter for the measurement of plant damaging solar UV exposures." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 149 (8), pp. 1301-1306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2009.03.002
Using the polyphenylene oxide dosimeter for extended underwater UV measurements
Schouten, Peter, Parisi, Alfio, Turnbull, David J. and Downs, Nathan. 2008. "Using the polyphenylene oxide dosimeter for extended underwater UV measurements." 18th National Congress of the Australian Institute of Physics. Adelaide, Australia 30 Nov - 05 Dec 2008 Parkville, Vic, Australia.
Usage of the polyphenylene oxide dosimeter to measure solar UVB and erythemal UV exposures over extended intervals
Schouten, Peter, Parisi, Alfio and Turnbull, David J.. 2008. "Usage of the polyphenylene oxide dosimeter to measure solar UVB and erythemal UV exposures over extended intervals." 2008 Australian Health and Medical Research Congress. Brisbane, Australia 16 - 21 Nov 2008 Australia.
Measurement of ultraviolet radiation reflectivity: underestimating the influence of specular reflection in personal ultraviolet radiation exposure from non-horizontal surfaces
Turner, Joanna and Parisi, Alfio. 2008. "Measurement of ultraviolet radiation reflectivity: underestimating the influence of specular reflection in personal ultraviolet radiation exposure from non-horizontal surfaces." 18th National Congress of the Australian Institute of Physics. Adelaide, Australia 30 Nov - 05 Dec 2008 Parkville, Vic, Australia.
Modelling personal UV exposure in a school playground
Downs, Nathan and Parisi, Alfio. 2008. "Modelling personal UV exposure in a school playground." 2008 Australian Health and Medical Research Congress. Brisbane, Australia 16 - 21 Nov 2008 Australia.
Characterising the influence on human UV exposures due to reflective vertical surfaces
Turner, Joanna and Parisi, Alfio. 2008. "Characterising the influence on human UV exposures due to reflective vertical surfaces." 2008 American Society for Photobiology Symposia. Burlingame, California 20 - 25 Jun 2008 United States.
Measurement of solar UVB exposures in sea water with a high exposure dosimeter
Schouten, Peter, Parisi, Alfio and Turnbull, David J.. 2008. "Measurement of solar UVB exposures in sea water with a high exposure dosimeter." 2008 American Society for Photobiology Symposia. Burlingame, California 20 - 25 Jun 2008 United States.
Techniques for solar dosimetry in different ecosystems
Parisi, Alfio, Turnbull, David J., Schouten, Peter, Downs, Nathan and Turner, Joanna. 2008. "Techniques for solar dosimetry in different ecosystems." 18th International Congress of Biometeorology (ICB2008). Tokyo 22 - 26 Sep 2008 Milwaukee, United States.
Influence of cloud and solar zenith angle on the diffuse solar erythemal UV short wavelength cut-offs and maximum spectral irradiance wavelengths
Parisi, Alfio V., Turnbull, David J., de Byl, Chris, Schouten, Peter, Turner, Joanna and Downs, Nathan. 2009. "Influence of cloud and solar zenith angle on the diffuse solar erythemal UV short wavelength cut-offs and maximum spectral irradiance wavelengths." Radiation Protection in Australasia. 26 (1), pp. 2-9.
Pen ink as an ultraviolet dosimeter
Downs, Nathan, Turner, Joanna, Parisi, Alfio and Spence, Jenny. 2008. "Pen ink as an ultraviolet dosimeter." Teaching Science: The Journal of the Australian Science Teachers Association. 54 (4), pp. 41-44.
Solar ultraviolet protection provided by human head hair
Parisi, Alfio V., Smith, Don, Schouten, Peter and Turnbull, David J.. 2009. "Solar ultraviolet protection provided by human head hair." Photochemistry and Photobiology. 85 (1), pp. 250-254. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.2008.00428.x
Modelling ultraviolet exposures in a school environment
Downs, Nathan, Parisi, Alfio, Turner, Joanna and Turnbull, David. 2008. "Modelling ultraviolet exposures in a school environment." Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences. 7 (6), pp. 700-710. https://doi.org/10.1039/b801685b
Erythemal ultraviolet and Vitamin D effective exposures received by amateur golfers
Schouten, Peter, Downs, Nathan, Parisi, Alfio and Turner, Joanna. 2008. "Erythemal ultraviolet and Vitamin D effective exposures received by amateur golfers." 2008 Australian Health and Medical Research Congress. Brisbane, Australia 16 - 21 Nov 2008 Australia.
Gamma rays
Parisi, Alfio. 2008. "Gamma rays." Barnard, L., Borger, H., Coombs, J., Edwards, C., Jackson, H., Lord, M. and Paine, N. (ed.) Scientifica: the comprehensive guide to the world of science : mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology, chemistry, geology, medicine. Elanora Heights, Australia. Millennium House. pp. 62-63
Modelling the erythemally effective UV to students in a school environment
Downs, Nathan and Parisi, Alfio. 2008. "Modelling the erythemally effective UV to students in a school environment." 18th National Congress of the Australian Institute of Physics. Adelaide, Australia 30 Nov - 05 Dec 2008 Parkville, Vic, Australia.
Golfers and UV exposures: an application of miniaturised polysulphone dosimetry
Downs, Nathan, Schouten, Peter, Parisi, Alfio and Turner, Joanna. 2008. "Golfers and UV exposures: an application of miniaturised polysulphone dosimetry." 18th National Congress of the Australian Institute of Physics. Adelaide, Australia 30 Nov - 05 Dec 2008 Parkville, Vic, Australia.
Comparison of Brewer spectrophotometer ultraviolet data from similar latitudes in the northern and southern hemisphere
Kimlin, M. G., Sabburg, J. M., Parisi, A. V. and Meltzer, R. S.. 2003. "Comparison of Brewer spectrophotometer ultraviolet data from similar latitudes in the northern and southern hemisphere." Journal of Atmospheric and Solar: Terrestrial Physics. 65 (16), pp. 1401-1410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2003.09.003
Take-home physics experiment kit for on-campus and off-campus students
Turner, Joanna and Parisi, Alfio. 2008. "Take-home physics experiment kit for on-campus and off-campus students." Teaching Science: The Journal of the Australian Science Teachers Association. 54 (2), pp. 20-23.
Imaging the environmental ultraviolet
Downs, N. J. and Parisi, A. V.. 2008. "Imaging the environmental ultraviolet." Australian Physics. 45 (4), pp. 132-137.
Reflected solar radiation from horizontal, vertical and inclined surfaces: ultraviolet and visible spectral and broadband behaviour due to solar zenith angle, orientation and surface type
Turner, J., Parisi, A. V. and Turnbull, D. J.. 2008. "Reflected solar radiation from horizontal, vertical and inclined surfaces: ultraviolet and visible spectral and broadband behaviour due to solar zenith angle, orientation and surface type." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology. 92 (1), pp. 29-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2008.03.006
Utilising polyphenylene oxide for high exposure solar UVA dosimetry
Turnbull, D. J. and Schouten, P. W.. 2008. "Utilising polyphenylene oxide for high exposure solar UVA dosimetry." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 8 (10), pp. 2759-2762.
Utilising shade to optimize UV exposure for vitamin D
Turnbull, D. J. and Parisi, A. V.. 2008. "Utilising shade to optimize UV exposure for vitamin D." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 8 (11), pp. 2841-2846.
Measurement variation and the factors influencing the UV index
Downs, Nathan, Parisi, Alfio, McDonnell, Brendan and Thornton, Peter. 2008. "Measurement variation and the factors influencing the UV index." Teaching Science: The Journal of the Australian Science Teachers Association. 54 (2), pp. 8-13.
Field calibrations of a long-term UV dosimeter for aquatic UVB exposures
Schouten, P. W., Parisi, A. V. and Turnbull, D. J.. 2008. "Field calibrations of a long-term UV dosimeter for aquatic UVB exposures." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology. 91 (2-3), pp. 108-116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2008.02.004
Patterns in surface distribution of human exposure to solar ultraviolet
Downs, Nathan and Parisi, Alfio. 2007. "Patterns in surface distribution of human exposure to solar ultraviolet." Gröbner, Julian (ed.) Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos / World Radiation Center: A Conference Celebrating One Century of UV Radiation Research. Davos, Switzerland 18 - 20 Sep 2007 Davos, Switzerland.
Influence of summer daylight saving time on scattered erythemal solar ultraviolet exposures
Parisi, A. V., Turner, J., Turnbull, D. J., Schouten, P. and Downs, N.. 2008. "Influence of summer daylight saving time on scattered erythemal solar ultraviolet exposures." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology. 91 (1), pp. 35-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2008.01.010
Better characterisation of the underwater solar UV environment using a high exposure dosimeter
Schouten, Peter and Parisi, Alfio. 2006. "Better characterisation of the underwater solar UV environment using a high exposure dosimeter." Showcasing Toowoomba Area Health Research 2006. Toowoomba, Australia 25 Aug 2006
Mapping of the solar ultraviolet exposures to the human face
Downs, Nathan and Parisi, Alfio. 2006. "Mapping of the solar ultraviolet exposures to the human face." 31st Annual Conference Australasian Radiation Protection Society. Coogee, Australia 27 - 29 Nov 2006
Optimizing solar UV-radiation exposures for vitamin D3: comparing global and diffuse spectral UV radiation
Turnbull, David J. and Parisi, Alfio V.. 2008. "Optimizing solar UV-radiation exposures for vitamin D3: comparing global and diffuse spectral UV radiation." Radiation Research. 169 (3), pp. 344-349. https://doi.org/10.1667/RR1136.1
Contoured exposure assessment of biologically effective solar ultraviolet radiation
Downs, Nathan and Parisi, Alfio. 2007. "Contoured exposure assessment of biologically effective solar ultraviolet radiation." 32nd Annual Conference of the Australasian Radiation Protection Society (ARPS 2007). Brisbane, Australia 22 - 24 Oct 2007
Calculation of cloud modification factors for the horizontal plane eye damaging ultraviolet radiation
Parisi, A. V., Turnbull, D. J. and Turner, J.. 2007. "Calculation of cloud modification factors for the horizontal plane eye damaging ultraviolet radiation." Atmospheric Research. 86 (3/4), pp. 278-285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2007.06.003
Cloud observations for the statistical evaluation of the UV index at Toowoomba, Australia
Parisi, A. V., Sabburg, J., Turner, J. and Dunn, P. K.. 2008. "Cloud observations for the statistical evaluation of the UV index at Toowoomba, Australia." International Journal of Biometeorology: the description, causes, and implications of climatic change. 52 (3), pp. 159-166. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-007-0106-7
Patterns in the received facial UV exposure of school children measured at a subtropical latitude
Downs, Nathan and Parisi, Alfio. 2008. "Patterns in the received facial UV exposure of school children measured at a subtropical latitude." Photochemistry and Photobiology. 84 (1), pp. 90-100. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.2007.00203.x
Evaporation, seepage and water quality management in storage dams: a review of research methods
Craig, Ian, Aravinthan, Vasantha, Baillie, Craig Peter, Beswick, Alan, Barnes, Geoff, Bradbury, Ron, Connell, Luke, Cooper, Paul, Fellows, Christopher, Fitzmaurice, Li, Foley, Joseph P., Hancock, Nigel, Lamb, David, Morrison, Pippa, Mossad, Ruth, Misra, R. K., Pittaway, Pam, Prime, Emma, Rees, Steve, ..., Turnbull, David. 2007. "Evaporation, seepage and water quality management in storage dams: a review of research methods." Environmental Health. 7 (3), pp. 84-97.
Quantitative assessment of human exposure - UVA radiation
Kimlin, M. G., Parisi, A. V., Macaranas, J. M. and Turnbull, D. J.. 2005. "Quantitative assessment of human exposure - UVA radiation." Aral, M. M., Brebbia, C. A., Maslia, M. L. and Sinks, T. (ed.) Environmental exposure and health. Southampton, United Kingdom. WIT Press. pp. 329-337
Variability in the annual erythemal ultraviolet exposure of school children in south east Queensland
Kimlin, Michael G., Parisi, Alfio V. and Mainstone, John S.. 2000. "Variability in the annual erythemal ultraviolet exposure of school children in south east Queensland." Radiation Protection in Australasia. 17 (2), pp. 15-25.
Effect of stretch on the ultraviolet spectral transmission of one type of commonly used clothing
Kimlin, M. G., Parisi, A. V. and Meldrum, L. R.. 1999. "Effect of stretch on the ultraviolet spectral transmission of one type of commonly used clothing." Photodermatology, Photoimmunology and Photomedicine. 15 (5), pp. 171-174. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0781.1999.tb00079.x
Effects of simple measures to reduce the occupational solar UV exposure of outdoor workers
Parisi, A. and Kimlin, M.. 1999. "Effects of simple measures to reduce the occupational solar UV exposure of outdoor workers." Journal of Occupational Health and Safety: Australia and New Zealand. 15 (3), pp. 267-272.
Quantification of personal solar UV exposure of outdoor workers, indoor workers and adolescents at two locations in southeast Queensland
Kimlin, M. G., Parisi, A. V. and Wong, J. C. F.. 1998. "Quantification of personal solar UV exposure of outdoor workers, indoor workers and adolescents at two locations in southeast Queensland." Photodermatology, Photoimmunology and Photomedicine. 14 (1), pp. 7-11. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0781.1998.tb00002.x
The facial distribution of erythemal ultraviolet exposure in south-east Queensland
Kimlin, M. G., Parisi, A. V. and Wong, J. C. F.. 1998. "The facial distribution of erythemal ultraviolet exposure in south-east Queensland." Physics in Medicine and Biology. 43 (2), pp. 231-240. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/43/2/002
Simultaneous comparison of the personal UV exposure of two human groups at different altitudes
Kimlin, M. G., Wong, J. C. F. and Parisi, A. V.. 1998. "Simultaneous comparison of the personal UV exposure of two human groups at different altitudes." Health Physics. 74 (4), pp. 429-434.
Ultraviolet radiation
Parisi, Alfio. 2005. "Ultraviolet radiation." Beale, John (ed.) Young tall poppy science heroes. Sydney, Australia. Australia Institute of Political Science. pp. 45-48
Utilising shade to optimize UV exposure for vitamin D
Turnbull, David J. and Parisi, Alfio. 2007. "Utilising shade to optimize UV exposure for vitamin D." Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos / World Radiation Center: A Conference Celebrating One Century of UV Radiation Research. Davos, Switzerland 18 - 20 Sep 2007 Davos, Switzerland.
Development of a long term solar UVA dosimeter
Turnbull, David J. and Schouten, Peter. 2007. "Development of a long term solar UVA dosimeter." Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos / World Radiation Center: A Conference Celebrating One Century of UV Radiation Research. Davos, Switzerland 18 - 20 Sep 2007 Davos, Switzerland.
Application of poly (2,6-dimethyl-1, 4-phenylene oxide) film for the long - term measurement of underwater solar UVB
Schouten, Peter, Parisi, Alfio and Turnbull, David J.. 2007. "Application of poly (2,6-dimethyl-1, 4-phenylene oxide) film for the long - term measurement of underwater solar UVB." Grabner, Julian (ed.) Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos / World Radiation Center: A Conference Celebrating One Century of UV Radiation Research. Davos, Switzerland 18 - 20 Sep 2007 Davos, Switzerland.
Short wavelength cut-offs and maximum spectral irradiance wavelengths comparisons of the spectra for erythema and pre-vitamin D3 synthesis
Parisi, Alfio, Turnbull, David J. and Turner, Joanna. 2007. "Short wavelength cut-offs and maximum spectral irradiance wavelengths comparisons of the spectra for erythema and pre-vitamin D3 synthesis." Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos / World Radiation Center: A Conference Celebrating One Century of UV Radiation Research. Davos, Switzerland 18 - 20 Sep 2007 Davos, Switzerland.
Dosimetric and spectroradiometric investigations of glass-filtered solar UV
Parisi, Alfio V., Turnbull, David J. and Kimlin, Michael G.. 2007. "Dosimetric and spectroradiometric investigations of glass-filtered solar UV." Photochemistry and Photobiology. 83 (4), pp. 777-781. https://doi.org/10.1562/2006-08-20-RA-1007
Influence of clouds on pre-vitamin D3 effective solar UV exposures
Parisi, Alfio V., Turnbull, David J. and Turner, Joanna. 2007. "Influence of clouds on pre-vitamin D3 effective solar UV exposures." Environmental Health. 7 (3), pp. 75-83.
Variations in the erythemal ultraviolet exposure to the human facial region
Downs, Nathan, Parisi, Alfio and Kimlin, Michael G.. 2001. "Variations in the erythemal ultraviolet exposure to the human facial region." 26th Annual Conference of the Australasian Radiation Protection Society. Gold Coast, Australia 18 - 20 Sep 2001
Comparing variations in the UV facial exposure received by school children in south-east Queensland
Downs, Nathan and Parisi, Alfio. 2006. "Comparing variations in the UV facial exposure received by school children in south-east Queensland." 17th National Congress of the Australian Institute of Physics. Brisbane, Australia 03 - 08 Dec 2006 Parkville, Vic, Australia.
Evaluation of a high exposure solar UV dosimeter for underwater use
Schouten, Peter W., Parisi, Alfio V. and Turnbull, David J.. 2007. "Evaluation of a high exposure solar UV dosimeter for underwater use." Photochemistry and Photobiology. 83 (4), pp. 931-937. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.2007.00085.x
Three dimensional visualisation of human facial exposure to solar ultraviolet
Downs, Nathan and Parisi, Alfio. 2007. "Three dimensional visualisation of human facial exposure to solar ultraviolet." Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences. 6 (1), pp. 90-98. https://doi.org/10.1039/b607553c
Spectral dependency of cloud enhanced UV irradiance
Sabburg, Jeff and Parisi, Alfio. 2006. "Spectral dependency of cloud enhanced UV irradiance." Atmospheric Research. 81 (3), pp. 206-214.
Enhanced spectral UV irradiance: a one year preliminary study
Sabburg, Jeff, Parisi, Alfio and Kimlin, Michael G.. 2003. "Enhanced spectral UV irradiance: a one year preliminary study." Atmospheric Research. 66 (4), pp. 261-272.
Development of a high exposure underwater solar UV dosimeter
Schouten, Peter, Parisi, Alfio and Turnbull, David J.. 2006. "Development of a high exposure underwater solar UV dosimeter." Sang, Robert and Dobson, John (ed.) 17th National Congress of the Australian Institute of Physics. Brisbane, Australia 03 - 08 Dec 2006 Brisbane, Australia.
Ozone, cloud, solar and UV-B levels at a low pollution, southern hemisphere, sub-tropical site for winter/spring 1995
Sabburg, J., Parisi, A. V. and Wong, J. C. F.. 1997. "Ozone, cloud, solar and UV-B levels at a low pollution, southern hemisphere, sub-tropical site for winter/spring 1995." Professor Yogesh K Dwivedi. 20 (4), pp. 198-202.
Modelling human facial UV exposure
Downs, Nathan J., Kimlin, Michael G., Parisi, Alfio V. and McGrath, John J.. 2001. "Modelling human facial UV exposure." Radiation Protection in Australasia. 17 (3), pp. 103-109.
Ultraviolet radiation, shade and vitamin D3
Turnbull, David J. and Parisi, Alfio. 2006. "Ultraviolet radiation, shade and vitamin D3." Australian Institute of Physics (AIP) 17th National Congress 2006. Brisbane, Australia 03 - 08 Dec 2006
Development of a photosensitive polymer for measurement of damaging blue light exposures
Turnbull, David J.. 2006. "Development of a photosensitive polymer for measurement of damaging blue light exposures." Australian Institute of Physics (AIP) 17th National Congress 2006. Brisbane, Australia 03 - 08 Dec 2006
Measuring solar UV exposures
Parisi, Alfio. 2000. "Measuring solar UV exposures." Prevention of Skin Cancer and Melanoma Conference 2000. Brisbane, Australia 04 - 05 Dec 2000 Brisbane, Australia.
Spectral, broadband and personal solar UV measurements at a sub-tropical latitude
Parisi, Alfio. 2000. "Spectral, broadband and personal solar UV measurements at a sub-tropical latitude." 14th National Congress of the Australian Institute of Physics. Adelaide, Australia 10 - 15 Dec 2000 Parkville, Vic., Australia.
Development of an improved shade environment for the reduction of personal UV exposure
Turnbull, David J.. 2005. Development of an improved shade environment for the reduction of personal UV exposure. PhD Thesis Doctor of Philosophy. University of Southern Queensland.
Ambient and personal solar ultraviolet exposure measurements
Parisi, Alfio. 2001. "Ambient and personal solar ultraviolet exposure measurements." 26th Annual Conference of the Australasian Radiation Protection Society. Gold Coast, Australia 18 - 20 Sep 2001
Scattered and filtered solar UV measurements
Parisi, Alfio, Sabburg, Jeff and Kimlin, Michael G.. 2004. Scattered and filtered solar UV measurements. Dordrecht. Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Solar UV dosimetry
Parisi, Alfio and Turnbull, David J.. 2006. "Solar UV dosimetry." McKenzie, Richard (ed.) UV Radiation and its Effects: an Update 2006. Dunedin, New Zealand 19 - 21 Apr 2006 Wellington, NZ.
Development of a technique for spectral solar ultraviolet albedo measurements of building materials
Parisi, Alfio. 1999. "Development of a technique for spectral solar ultraviolet albedo measurements of building materials." Engineering and Physical Sciences in Medicine Conference (1999). Surfers Paradise, Australia 24 - 27 Oct 1999
Increasing the protection offered by shade structures
Turnbull, David J. and Parisi, Alfio. 2006. "Increasing the protection offered by shade structures." 6th Annual Health and Medical Research Conference of Queensland. Brisbane, Queensland 23 - 24 Nov 2006 Brisbane, Queensland.
Development of a polymer for quantification of harmful ocular exposures
Turnbull, David J., Parisi, Alfio and van den Ancker, Tania. 2006. "Development of a polymer for quantification of harmful ocular exposures." 6th Annual Health and Medical Research Conference of Queensland. Brisbane, Queensland 23 - 24 Nov 2006 Brisbane, Queensland.
Shade, diffuse UV and vitamin D
Turnbull, David J. and Parisi, Alfio. 2006. "Shade, diffuse UV and vitamin D." 6th Annual Health and Medical Research Conference of Queensland. Brisbane, Queensland 23 - 24 Nov 2006 Brisbane, Queensland.
Influence of clouds on pre-vitamin D3 effective solar UV exposures
Parisi, Alfio, Turnbull, David J. and Turner, Joanna. 2006. "Influence of clouds on pre-vitamin D3 effective solar UV exposures." International Symposium on Environmental Health, Climate Change and Sustainability (2006). Brisbane, Australia 21 - 22 Nov 2006
Effects of tree shade on solar ultraviolet exposures to humans
Parisi, Alfio. 2002. "Effects of tree shade on solar ultraviolet exposures to humans." UV Radiation and its Effects: an Update 2002. Christchurch, New Zealand 26 - 28 Mar 2002 Wellingto, New Zealand.
Usage of a dosimeter spectrum evaluator for different environments
Parisi, A. V. and Wong, J. C. F.. 1999. "Usage of a dosimeter spectrum evaluator for different environments." Wong, Joe and Parisi, Alfio (ed.) 2nd Internet Conference on Photochemistry and Photobiology: Protection Against the Hazards of UVR 1999. 18 Jan - 05 Feb 1999
Dosimeter for measurement of UVA exposures
Parisi, Alfio and Kimlin, Michael G.. 2004. "Dosimeter for measurement of UVA exposures." Slusser, James R., Herman, Jay R., Gao, Wei and Bernhard, Germar (ed.) SPIE Annual Meeting 2004. Denver, United States 01 Aug 2004 Bellingham, Washington, USA.
Solar UVA exposures
Parisi, Alfio and Kimlin, Michael G.. 2005. "Solar UVA exposures." Bernhard, Germar, Slusser, James R., Herman, Jay R. and Gao, Wei (ed.) Optics & Photonics 2005. San Diego, United States 31 Jul 2005 Bellingham, Washington, USA.
Polysulphone film thickness and its effects in ultraviolet radiation dosimetry
Parisi, A. V., Meldrum, L. R. and Kimlin, M. G.. 1999. "Polysulphone film thickness and its effects in ultraviolet radiation dosimetry." Parisi, Alfio and Wong, Joe (ed.) 2nd Internet Conference on Photochemistry and Photobiology: Protection Against the Hazards of UVR 1999. 18 Jan - 05 Feb 1999
Determination of the solar ultraviolet radiation in tree shade
Parisi, Alfio and Kimlin, Michael G.. 1999. "Determination of the solar ultraviolet radiation in tree shade." Australian Science Teachers' Journal. 45 (2), pp. 55-57.
Why do UV levels vary?
Parisi, Alfio and Kimlin, Michael G.. 1997. "Why do UV levels vary?" Australasian Science. 18 (2), pp. 39-41.
Ozone and ultraviolet radiation
Parisi, Alfio and Kimlin, Michael G.. 1997. "Ozone and ultraviolet radiation." Australasian Science. 18 (1), pp. 44-46.
Plant canopy shape and the influences on UV exposures to the canopy
Parisi, A. V. and Wong, J. C. F.. 1996. "Plant canopy shape and the influences on UV exposures to the canopy." Photochemistry and Photobiology. 64 (1), pp. 143-148. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.1996.tb02434.x
Solar UV radiation measurements with polysulphone
Parisi, Alfio. 2004. "Solar UV radiation measurements with polysulphone." Chemistry in Australia. 71 (2), pp. 16-18.
Measurement of reflected, total and diffuse solar erythemal ultraviolet radiation
Parisi, Alfio and Kimlin, Michael G.. 1998. "Measurement of reflected, total and diffuse solar erythemal ultraviolet radiation." Australian Science Teachers' Journal. 44 (3), pp. 9-11.
The effects of body size and orientation on ultraviolet radiation exposure
Parisi, A. V., Kimlin, M. G., Wong, J. C. F. and Fleming, R. A.. 1996. "The effects of body size and orientation on ultraviolet radiation exposure." Photodermatology, Photoimmunology and Photomedicine. 12 (2), pp. 66-72. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0781.1996.tb00177.x
Assessment of ultraviolet radiation exposures in photobiological experiments
Wong, J. C. F. and Parisi, A. V.. 1999. "Assessment of ultraviolet radiation exposures in photobiological experiments." Wong, Joe and Parisi, Alfio (ed.) 2nd Internet Conference on Photochemistry and Photobiology: Protection Against the Hazards of UVR 1999. 18 Jan - 05 Feb 1999
Human exposure to filtered solar ultraviolet radiation
Parisi, A. V. and Wong, J. C. F.. 1997. "Human exposure to filtered solar ultraviolet radiation." 1st Internet Conference on Photochemistry and Photobiology 1997. 17 Nov - 19 Dec 1997
Reducing human exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation
Wong, J. C., Cowling, I. and Parisi, A. V.. 1997. "Reducing human exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation." 1st Internet Conference on Photochemistry and Photobiology 1997. 17 Nov - 19 Dec 1997
A method for evaluation of UV and biologically effective exposures to plants
Parisi, A. V., Wong, J. C. F. and Galea, V.. 1996. "A method for evaluation of UV and biologically effective exposures to plants." Photochemistry and Photobiology. 64 (2), pp. 326-333. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.1996.tb02466.x
Errors in determining broadband ultraviolet irradiances from spectral measurements
Parisi, A. V., Wong, J. C. F., Kimlin, M. G. and Meldrum, L. R.. 1999. "Errors in determining broadband ultraviolet irradiances from spectral measurements." Radiation Protection in Australasia. 16 (2), pp. 10-15.
A dosimetric technique for the measurement of ultraviolet radiation exposure to plants
Parisi, A. V. and Wong, C. F.. 1994. "A dosimetric technique for the measurement of ultraviolet radiation exposure to plants." Photochemistry and Photobiology. 60 (5), pp. 470-474. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.1994.tb05136.x
A new method for measurements of erythemal irradiance
Parisi, A. V. and Wong, J. C. F.. 1996. "A new method for measurements of erythemal irradiance." Photodermatology, Photoimmunology and Photomedicine. 12 (4), pp. 171-179. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0781.1996.tb00195.x
An alternative speed of light measurement experiment for a senior physics laboratory
Parisi, A. V., Mottram, K., Kimlin, M. G., Wilson, M. and Wollstein, A.. 1999. "An alternative speed of light measurement experiment for a senior physics laboratory." Australian Science Teachers' Journal. 45 (4), pp. 51-53.
Testing the solar ultraviolet transmission of clothing and shade materials
Parisi, Alfio and Kimlin, Michael G.. 1999. "Testing the solar ultraviolet transmission of clothing and shade materials." Australian Science Teachers' Journal. 45 (1), pp. 51-53.
Assessment of the exposure to biologically effective UV radiation using a dosimetric technique to evaluate the solar spectrum
Parisi, A. V., Wong, J. C. F. and Moore, G. I.. 1997. "Assessment of the exposure to biologically effective UV radiation using a dosimetric technique to evaluate the solar spectrum." Physics in Medicine and Biology. 42 (1), pp. 77-88. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/42/1/005
Measurement of UVA exposure to solar radiation
Wong, J. C. F. and Parisi, A. V.. 1996. "Measurement of UVA exposure to solar radiation." Photochemistry and Photobiology. 63 (6), pp. 807-810. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.1996.tb09634.x
Erythemal irradiances of filtered ultraviolet radiation
Parisi, A. V. and Wong, J. C. F.. 1997. "Erythemal irradiances of filtered ultraviolet radiation." Physics in Medicine and Biology. 42 (7), pp. 1263-1275. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/42/7/003
Comparison of biologically damaging spectral solar ultraviolet radiation at a southern hemisphere sub-tropical site
Parisi, Alfio, Sabburg, Jeff and Kimlin, Michael G.. 2003. "Comparison of biologically damaging spectral solar ultraviolet radiation at a southern hemisphere sub-tropical site." Physics in Medicine and Biology. 48 (8), pp. N121-N129. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/48/8/401
Dosimetric measurement of the visible and UV exposures on field grown soybean plants
Parisi, Alfio, Galea, V. and Randall, C.. 2003. "Dosimetric measurement of the visible and UV exposures on field grown soybean plants." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 120, pp. 153-160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2003.08.012
Optical properties of poly (2,6-Dimethyl-1,4-Phenylene Oxide) film and its potential for a long-term solar ultraviolet dosimeter
Lester, Rick A., Parisi, Alfio, Kimlin, Michael G. and Sabburg, Jeff. 2003. "Optical properties of poly (2,6-Dimethyl-1,4-Phenylene Oxide) film and its potential for a long-term solar ultraviolet dosimeter." Physics in Medicine and Biology. 48, pp. 3685-3698.
Measured and modelled contributions to UV exposures by the albedo of surfaces in an urban environment
Parisi, Alfio, Sabburg, Jeff, Kimlin, Michael G. and Downs, Nathan. 2003. "Measured and modelled contributions to UV exposures by the albedo of surfaces in an urban environment." Theoretical and Applied Climatology. 76 (3-4), pp. 181-188. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-003-0012-9
Lifetime ultraviolet exposure estimates for selected population groups in south east Queensland
Parisi, A. V., Meldrum, L. R., Wong, J. C. F., Aitken, J. and Fleming, R. A.. 1999. "Lifetime ultraviolet exposure estimates for selected population groups in south east Queensland." Physics in Medicine and Biology. 44 (12), pp. 2947-2953. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/44/12/307
Horizontal and sun normal spectral biologically effective ultraviolet irradiances
Parisi, Alfio and Kimlin, Michael G.. 1999. "Horizontal and sun normal spectral biologically effective ultraviolet irradiances." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology. 53 (1-3), pp. 70-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1011-1344(99)00128-1
Field measurements on protection by stockings from solar erythemal ultraviolet radiation
Parisi, A. V., Kimlin, M. G., Meldrum, L. R. and Relf, C. M.. 1999. "Field measurements on protection by stockings from solar erythemal ultraviolet radiation." Radiation Protection Dosimetry. 86 (1), pp. 69-72.
The erythemal ultraviolet exposure for humans in greenhouses
Parisi, A. V. and Wong, J. C. F.. 1997. "The erythemal ultraviolet exposure for humans in greenhouses." Physics in Medicine and Biology. 42 (12), pp. 2331-2339. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/42/12/002
Quantitative evaluation of the personal erythemal ultraviolet exposure in a car
Parisi, A. V. and Wong, J. C. F.. 1998. "Quantitative evaluation of the personal erythemal ultraviolet exposure in a car." Photodermatology, Photoimmunology and Photomedicine. 14 (1), pp. 12-16. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0781.1998.tb00003.x
Simultaneous assessment of photosynthetically active and ultraviolet solar radiation
Parisi, A. V., Wong, J. C. F. and Randall, C.. 1998. "Simultaneous assessment of photosynthetically active and ultraviolet solar radiation." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 92 (2), pp. 97-103. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1923(98)00094-X
A study of the total ultraviolet exposure to all the leaves for small plant growth
Parisi, A. V., Wong, J. C. F. and Galea, V. J.. 1998. "A study of the total ultraviolet exposure to all the leaves for small plant growth." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology. 45 (1), pp. 36-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1011-1344(98)00157-2
Biologically damaging UV in the shade
Turnbull, David J. and Parisi, Alfio. 2002. "Biologically damaging UV in the shade." 2002 Physical Sciences and Engineering in Medicine Local Symposium. Brisbane, Australia 28 Jun 2002
Shade and melanoma inducing wavelengths
Turnbull, David J. and Parisi, Alfio. 2002. "Shade and melanoma inducing wavelengths." 2002 Annual Queensland Health and Medical Scientific Meeting. Brisbane, Australia 04 - 05 Dec 2002
UV protection and shade structures
Turnbull, David J., Parisi, Alfio and Sabburg, Jeff. 2003. "UV protection and shade structures." 10th Congress of the European Society for Photobiology. Vienna, Austria 06 - 11 Sep 2003
UV protection provided by public shade structures during winter
Turnbull, David J., Parisi, Alfio and Sabburg, Jeff. 2003. "UV protection provided by public shade structures during winter." 2003 Annual Queensland Health and Medical Scientific Meeting. Brisbane, Australia 25 - 26 Nov 2003
The protective nature of public shade structures in Australia
Turnbull, David J., Parisi, Alfio and Sabburg, Jeff. 2003. "The protective nature of public shade structures in Australia." 2003 Australian Institute of Physics Postgraduate Night. Brisbane, Australia 21 Oct 2003
Improving the protective efficiency of shade structures
Turnbull, David J. and Parisi, Alfio. 2004. "Improving the protective efficiency of shade structures." 14th International Congress on Photobiology. Jeju, South Korea 10 - 15 Jun 2004
Development of a photosensitive polymer for measurement of damaging ocular radiation exposures
Turnbull, David J., Parisi, Alfio and van den Ancker, Tania. 2006. "Development of a photosensitive polymer for measurement of damaging ocular radiation exposures." Showcasing Toowoomba Area Health Research 2006. Toowoomba, Australia 25 Aug 2006
Effect of clouds on the diffuse component of the solar terrestrial erythemal UV
Turnbull, David J., Parisi, Alfio and Downs, Nathan. 2006. "Effect of clouds on the diffuse component of the solar terrestrial erythemal UV." Radiation Protection in Australasia. 23 (1), pp. 2-9.
Actinic ultraviolet exposures to humans assessed with a dosimetric technique
Parisi, A. V. and Wong, J. C. F.. 1999. "Actinic ultraviolet exposures to humans assessed with a dosimetric technique." International Journal of Environmental Health Research. 9 (4), pp. 277-284. https://doi.org/10.1080/09603129973074
Quantifying the effects of simple measures to reduce the occupational solar ultraviolet exposure of outdoor workers
Parisi, Alfio and Kimlin, Michael G.. 1999. "Quantifying the effects of simple measures to reduce the occupational solar ultraviolet exposure of outdoor workers." Journal of Occupational Health and Safety: Australia and New Zealand. 15 (3), pp. 267-272.
Comparison of the spectral biologically effective solar ultraviolet in adjacent tree shade and sun
Parisi, Alfio and Kimlin, Michael G.. 1999. "Comparison of the spectral biologically effective solar ultraviolet in adjacent tree shade and sun." Physics in Medicine and Biology. 44 (8), pp. 2071-2080.
Variations in solar erythemal ultraviolet occupational exposure due to daylight saving time in Australia
Parisi, Alfio, Kimlin, M. G. and Mainstone, J. S.. 1999. "Variations in solar erythemal ultraviolet occupational exposure due to daylight saving time in Australia." Radiation Protection in Australasia. 16 (3), pp. 13-20.
An estimation of biological hazards due to solar radiation
Parisi, A. V. and Wong, J. C. F.. 2000. "An estimation of biological hazards due to solar radiation." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology. 54 (2-3), pp. 126-130. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1011-1344(00)00006-3
Field based measurements of personal erythemal ultraviolet exposure through a common summer garment
Parisi, A. V., Kimlin, M. G., Mulheran, L., Meldrum, L. R. and Randall, C.. 2000. "Field based measurements of personal erythemal ultraviolet exposure through a common summer garment." Photodermatology, Photoimmunology and Photomedicine. 16 (3), pp. 134-138. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0781.2000.160307.x
Comparison of the biologically effective UV in the shade for three action spectra
Turnbull, David J. and Parisi, Alfio. 2005. "Comparison of the biologically effective UV in the shade for three action spectra." Environmental Health. 5 (2), pp. 26-35.
Annual variation of the angular distribution of the UV beneath public shade structures
Turnbull, David J. and Parisi, A. V.. 2004. "Annual variation of the angular distribution of the UV beneath public shade structures." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology. 76 (1-3), pp. 41-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2004.07.006
Scattered UV beneath public shade structures during winter
Turnbull, David J., Parisi, Alfio and Sabburg, Jeff. 2003. "Scattered UV beneath public shade structures during winter." Photochemistry and Photobiology. 78 (2), pp. 180-183.
Estimate of annual ultraviolet-A exposures in cars in Australia
Parisi, Alfio and Kimlin, Michael G.. 2000. "Estimate of annual ultraviolet-A exposures in cars in Australia." Radiation Protection Dosimetry. 90 (4), pp. 409-416.
Diffuse component of solar ultraviolet radiation in tree shade
Parisi, A. V., Kimlin, M. G., Wong, J. C. F. and Wilson, M.. 2000. "Diffuse component of solar ultraviolet radiation in tree shade." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology. 54 (2-3), pp. 116-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1011-1344(00)00003-8
Effect of meal break times on solar UV exposure to schoolchildren in a southeast Queensland summer month
Parisi, Alfio and Kimlin, Michael G.. 2000. "Effect of meal break times on solar UV exposure to schoolchildren in a southeast Queensland summer month." Environmetrics. 11 (5), pp. 563-570.
Reduction in the personal annual solar erythemal ultraviolet exposure provided by Australian gum trees
Parisi, Alfio, Kimlin, Michael G., Wong, J. C. F., Lester, Rick A. and Turnbull, David J.. 2000. "Reduction in the personal annual solar erythemal ultraviolet exposure provided by Australian gum trees." Radiation Protection Dosimetry. 92 (4), pp. 307-312.
Effect of childhood and adolescent ultraviolet exposures on cumulative exposure in south east Queensland schools
Parisi, A. V., Meldrum, L. R., Wong, J. C. F., Aitken, J. and Fleming, R. A.. 2000. "Effect of childhood and adolescent ultraviolet exposures on cumulative exposure in south east Queensland schools." Photodermatology, Photoimmunology and Photomedicine. 16 (1), pp. 19-24. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0781.2000.160106.x
Personal exposure distribution of solar erythemal ultraviolet radiation in tree shade over summer
Parisi, A. V., Kimlin, M. G., Wong, J. C. F. and Wilson, M.. 2000. "Personal exposure distribution of solar erythemal ultraviolet radiation in tree shade over summer." Physics in Medicine and Biology. 45 (2), pp. 349-356. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/45/2/307
Evaluation of differences in ultraviolet exposure during weekend and weekday activities
Parisi, A. V., Meldrum, L. R., Kimlin, M. G., Wong, J. C. F., Aitken, J. and Mainstone, J. S.. 2000. "Evaluation of differences in ultraviolet exposure during weekend and weekday activities." Physics in Medicine and Biology. 45 (8), pp. 2253-2262. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/45/8/314
Development of a blue light radiation dosimeter
Turnbull, David J. and Parisi, Alfio. 2005. "Development of a blue light radiation dosimeter." 5th Annual Health and Medical Research Conference of Queensland. Brisbane, Queensland 03 - 04 Nov 2005 Brisbane, Queensland.
Thin film dosimeter for the assessment of UVA exposures to humans
Parisi, Alfio and Kimlin, Michael G.. 2005. "Thin film dosimeter for the assessment of UVA exposures to humans." Arnold, J. (ed.) 30th Annual Conference of the Australasian Radiation Protection Society Conference (ARPS 2005). Melbourne, Australia 13 - 16 Nov 2005 Australia.
Development of a dosimetric tool to measure human UVA exposures
Kimlin, Michael G., Parisi, Alfio, Macaranas, J. and Turnbull, David J.. 2005. "Development of a dosimetric tool to measure human UVA exposures." Hoppe, P. (ed.) 17th International Congress of Biometeorology. Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany 05 - 09 Sep 2005 Munich.
Vitamin D effective ultra violet wavelengths due to scattering in shade
Turnbull, David J., Parisi, Alfio and Kimlin, Michael G.. 2005. "Vitamin D effective ultra violet wavelengths due to scattering in shade." The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 96 (5), pp. 431-436. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsbmb.2005.04.039
Measuring the diffuse component of solar UV beneath shade structures: a practical activity for an Australian summer
Turnbull, David J. and Parisi, Alfio. 2005. "Measuring the diffuse component of solar UV beneath shade structures: a practical activity for an Australian summer." Teaching Science: The Journal of the Australian Science Teachers Association. 51 (1), pp. 22-24.
Pre-vitamin D3 effective ultraviolet transmission through clothing during simulated wear
Parisi, Alfio and Wilson, Cheryl A.. 2005. "Pre-vitamin D3 effective ultraviolet transmission through clothing during simulated wear." Photodermatology, Photoimmunology and Photomedicine. 21 (6), pp. 303-310. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0781.2005.00180.x
Increasing the ultraviolet protection provided by shade structures
Turnbull, David J. and Parisi, Alfio. 2005. "Increasing the ultraviolet protection provided by shade structures." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology. 78 (1), pp. 61-67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2004.09.002
Personal solar UV exposure measurements employing modified polysulphone with an extended dynamic range
Parisi, Alfio and Kimlin, Michael G.. 2004. "Personal solar UV exposure measurements employing modified polysulphone with an extended dynamic range." Photochemistry and Photobiology. 79 (5), pp. 411-415.
Cloud cover and horizontal plane eye damaging solar UV exposures
Parisi, A. V. and Downs, N.. 2004. "Cloud cover and horizontal plane eye damaging solar UV exposures." International Journal of Biometeorology: the description, causes, and implications of climatic change. 49, pp. 130-136. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-004-0213-7
Physics concepts of solar ultraviolet radiation by distance education
Parisi, Alfio. 2005. "Physics concepts of solar ultraviolet radiation by distance education." European Journal of Physics. 26 (2), pp. 313-320. https://doi.org/10.1088/0143-0807/26/2/009
Validation of a Sun-Exposure Questionnaire for Adolescent Girls
Cobb, Jennifer, Sullivan, Susan, Rosen, Clifford J., Holick, Michael F., Chen, Tai, Kimlin, Michael and Parisi, Alfio. 2002. "Validation of a Sun-Exposure Questionnaire for Adolescent Girls." Holick, Michael F. (ed.) 6th International Arnold Riki Symposium on the Biologic Effects of Light (2002). Boston, United States 16 - 18 Jun 2001 United States. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0937-0_14
Vitamin D Insufficiency In south-east Queensland
McGrath, John J., Kimlin, Michael G., Saha, Sukanta, Eyles, Darryl W. and Parisi, Alfio V.. 2001. "Vitamin D Insufficiency In south-east Queensland." Medical Journal of Australia. 174 (3), pp. 150-151. https://doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2001.tb143195.x
Photosensitization of the sunscreen octyl-p-dimethylaminobenzoate by UVA in human melanocytes but not in keratinocytes
Xu, Chunxia, Green, Adele, Parisi, Alfio and Parsons, Peter G.. 2001. "Photosensitization of the sunscreen octyl-p-dimethylaminobenzoate by UVA in human melanocytes but not in keratinocytes." Photochemistry and Photobiology. 73 (6), pp. 600-604. https://doi.org/10.1562/0031-8655(2001)0730600POTSOP2.0.CO2
Usage of real-time ultraviolet radiation data to modify the daily erythemal exposure of primary schoolchildren
Kimlin, Michael and Parisi, Alfio. 2001. "Usage of real-time ultraviolet radiation data to modify the daily erythemal exposure of primary schoolchildren ." Photodermatology, Photoimmunology and Photomedicine. 17 (3), pp. 130-135. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0781.2001.170305.x