A Flight Simulator Study of the Impairment Effects of Startle on Pilots During Unexpected Critical Events

Article

Martin, Wayne L., Murray, Patrick S., Bates, Paul R. and Lee, Paul S. Y.. 2016. "A Flight Simulator Study of the Impairment Effects of Startle on Pilots During Unexpected Critical Events." Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors. 6 (1), pp. 24-32. https://doi.org/10.1027/2192-0923/a000092
Article Title

A Flight Simulator Study of the Impairment Effects of Startle on Pilots During Unexpected Critical Events

ERA Journal ID200201
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsMartin, Wayne L. (Author), Murray, Patrick S. (Author), Bates, Paul R. (Author) and Lee, Paul S. Y. (Author)
Journal TitleAviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors
Journal Citation6 (1), pp. 24-32
Number of Pages9
Year2016
Place of PublicationUnited States
ISSN2192-0923
2192-0931
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1027/2192-0923/a000092
Web Address (URL)http://econtent.hogrefe.com/doi/abs/10.1027/2192-0923/a000092
Abstract

Recent aircraft accidents have implicated startle as contributory, or directly causal, in situation outcome. The startle reflex is a ubiquitous response to surprising stimuli, which results in aversive movement and attentional orienting. Fear-potentiated startle, where a startling stimulus is experienced in the presence of conditions which are appraised as harmful or threatening, has the effect of initiating and exacerbating the stress response, particularly where threat persists, such as during an aircraft emergency. The deleterious effects of this stress response on cognitive function are discussed. Results from startle research in a B737 flight simulator showed considerable cognitive impairment in approximately one third of participants.

Keywordsstartle; simulator study; surprise
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020520499. Cognitive and computational psychology not elsewhere classified
Byline AffiliationsSchool of Commerce
Institution of OriginUniversity of Southern Queensland
Permalink -

https://research.usq.edu.au/item/q3475/a-flight-simulator-study-of-the-impairment-effects-of-startle-on-pilots-during-unexpected-critical-events

Log in to edit
  • 1929
    total views
  • 8
    total downloads
  • 0
    views this month
  • 0
    downloads this month

Export as

Related outputs

'In automation we trust' - Australian air traffic controller perspectives of increasing automation in air traffic management
Langford, Kieran, Kille, Tarryn, Lee, Seung-Yong, Zhang, Yahua and Bates, Paul R.. 2022. "'In automation we trust' - Australian air traffic controller perspectives of increasing automation in air traffic management." Transport Policy. 125, pp. 352-362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2022.07.001.
The unexplored link between communication and trust in aviation maintenance practice
Chatzi, Anna, Martin, Wayne, Bates, Paul and Murray, Patrick. 2019. "The unexplored link between communication and trust in aviation maintenance practice." Aerospace. 6 (6). https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace6060066
Situational awareness training for operators of unmanned aerial vehicles
Kille, Tarryn, Bates, Paul R., Lee, Seung-Yong and Kille, David Murray. 2021. "Situational awareness training for operators of unmanned aerial vehicles." 21st International Symposium on Aviation Psychology (ISAP 2021). Oregon, United States 18 - 21 May 2021 Oregon, United States of America. https://doi.org/10.5399/osu/1148
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on current tertiary aviation education and future careers: Students’ perspective
Miani, Peter, Kille, Tarryn, Lee, Seung-Yong, Zhang, Yahua and Bates, Paul Raymond. 2021. "The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on current tertiary aviation education and future careers: Students’ perspective." Journal of Air Transport Management. 94, pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2021.102081
The influence of training level on manual flight in connection to performance, scan pattern, and task load
Friedrich, Maik, Lee, Seung Yong, Bates, Paul, Martin, Wayne and Faulhaber, Anja K.. 2021. "The influence of training level on manual flight in connection to performance, scan pattern, and task load." Cognition, Technology and Work. 23 (4), pp. 715-730. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10111-020-00663-8
Aviation Infrastructure and Regional Economic Development: Understanding the Importance of Integration in Regional Airfreight Networks
Kille, Tarryn, Bates, Paul Raymond and Murray, Patrick. 2015. "Aviation Infrastructure and Regional Economic Development: Understanding the Importance of Integration in Regional Airfreight Networks." International Journal of Management, Business, and Economics. 2 (1), pp. 139-161.
Correction to: The influence of training level on manual fight in connection to performance, scan pattern, and task load
Friedrich, Maik, Lee, Seung Yong, Bates, Paul, Martin, Wayne and Faulhaber, Anja K.. 2021. "Correction to: The influence of training level on manual fight in connection to performance, scan pattern, and task load ." Cognition, Technology and Work. 24 (1), p. 213. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10111-021-00680-1
The Future for Civilian UAV Operations
Kille, Tarryn, Bates, Paul R., Lee, Seung Yong and Kille, David Murray. 2020. "The Future for Civilian UAV Operations." Research Anthology on Reliability and Safety in Aviation Systems, Spacecraft, and Air Transport. Hershey, United States. IGI Global. pp. 1588-1601
Exploring the effects of threat and error management on Australian general aviation
Lee, Seung Yong. 2018. Exploring the effects of threat and error management on Australian general aviation. PhD Thesis Doctor of Philosophy. University of Southern Queensland.
Regional development air freight service needs for regional communities
Kille, Tarryn, Bates, Paul R. and Murray, Patrick S.. 2019. "Regional development air freight service needs for regional communities." Khosrow-Pour, Mehdi (ed.) Advanced methodologies and technologies in government and society. Hershey, United States of America. IGI Global. pp. 606-616
Non-technical skills (NTS) training for UAV operators: situational awareness and workload management
Kille, Tarryn, Bates, Paul R., Lee, Seung Yong and Kille, David Murray. 2019. "Non-technical skills (NTS) training for UAV operators: situational awareness and workload management." Kille, Tarryn, Bates, Paul R. and Lee, Seung Yong (ed.) Unmanned aerial vehicles in civilian logistics and supply chain management. Hershey, United States of America. IGI Global. pp. 1-32
The future for civilian UAV operations
Kille, Tarryn, Bates, Paul R., Lee, Seung Yong and Kille, David Murray. 2019. "The future for civilian UAV operations." Kille, Tarryn, Bates, Paul R. and Lee, Seung Yong (ed.) Unmanned aerial vehicles in civilian logistics and supply chain management. Hershey, United States of America. IGI Global. pp. 266-283
Regional development and air freight service needs for regional communities
Kille, Tarryn, Bates, Paul R. and Murray, Patrick S.. 2018. "Regional development and air freight service needs for regional communities." Khosrow-Pour, Mehdi (ed.) Encyclopedia of information science and technology. Hershey, United States of America. IGI Global. pp. 7869-7878
Exploring the Association between Communication Satisfaction and Trust in the Aviation Maintenance Environment An International Study
Chatzi, Anna V., Bates Paul R. and Martin, Wayne L.. 2020. "Exploring the Association between Communication Satisfaction and Trust in the Aviation Maintenance Environment An International Study." International Journal of Aerospace Psychology. 30 (3-4), pp. 190-214. https://doi.org/10.1080/24721840.2020.1801347
Educating aviators: challenges for distance learning in aviation tertiary education
Kille, Tarryn, Bates, Paul and Murray, Patrick S.. 2015. "Educating aviators: challenges for distance learning in aviation tertiary education." Scheg, A. (ed.) Critical examinations of distance education transformation across disciplines. United States. IGI Global. pp. 86-111
An exploratory study on the post-implementation of threat and error management training in Australian general aviation
Lee, Seung Yong, Bates, Paul R., Murray, Patrick S. and Martin, Wayne L.. 2017. "An exploratory study on the post-implementation of threat and error management training in Australian general aviation." International Journal of Training Research. 15 (2), pp. 136-147. https://doi.org/10.1080/14480220.2016.1259006
A systematic review of the role of regional aviation in the airfreight industry
Kille, Tarryn, Bates, Paul and Murray, Patrick S.. 2014. "A systematic review of the role of regional aviation in the airfreight industry." Science-Based Technologies (Naukoyemni Tekhnolohii). 24 (4), pp. 471-485. https://doi.org/10.18372/2310-5461.24.7520
Measuring success: the search for assessment criteria in determining the impact of deregulation in regional aviation
Kille, Tarryn, Bates, Paul and Murray, Patrick S.. 2013. "Measuring success: the search for assessment criteria in determining the impact of deregulation in regional aviation." International Journal of Aviation Management. 2 (1-2), pp. 4-34. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJAM.2013.053046
Training flight accidents: An explorative analysis of influencing factors and accident severity
Lee, Seung Yong, Bates, Paul, Murray, Patrick and Martin, Wayne. 2017. "Training flight accidents: An explorative analysis of influencing factors and accident severity." Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors. 7 (2), pp. 107-112. https://doi.org/10.1027/2192-0923/a000121
Peer observation in the online learning environment: the case of aviation higher education
Kille, Tarryn, Bates, Paul and Murray, Patrick. 2015. "Peer observation in the online learning environment: the case of aviation higher education." Klopper, Christopher and Drew, Steve (ed.) Teaching for learning and learning for teaching: peer review of teaching in higher education. Rotterdam, Netherlands. Sense Publishers. pp. 79-97
Simulator training strategies for managing startle in pilots
Martin, Wayne and Murray, Patrick. 2015. "Simulator training strategies for managing startle in pilots." Asia Pacific Airline Training Symposium (APATS 2015): Promoting Flight Crew Safety and Efficiency Through Training and Assessment. Bangkok, Thailand 15 - 16 Sep 2015 United Kingdom.
Applying the five R's to traditional assessment
Kille, Tarryn, Bates, Paul and Murray, Patrick. 2015. "Applying the five R's to traditional assessment." Morgan, Robin K., Olivares, Kimberly T. and Becker, Jon (ed.) Quick hits for adjunct faculty and lecturers: successful strategies from award-winning teachers. Bloomington, Indiana. Indiana University Press. pp. 36-38
What would you do if....? Improving pilot performance during unexpected events through inflight scenario discussions
Martin, Wayne L., Murray, Patrick S. and Bates, Paul R.. 2011. "What would you do if....? Improving pilot performance during unexpected events through inflight scenario discussions." Aeronautica. 1 (1), pp. 8-22.
The effect of group polarisation on perceived invulnerability in general aviation pilots
Lee, Seung Yong and Gilbey, Andrew. 2012. "The effect of group polarisation on perceived invulnerability in general aviation pilots." Aeronautica. 2 (2), pp. 1-7.
'Looking and feeling the part': developing aviation students' professional identity through a community of practice
O'Brien, Wendy and Bates, Paul. 2015. "'Looking and feeling the part': developing aviation students' professional identity through a community of practice." Teaching in Higher Education. 20 (8), pp. 821-832. https://doi.org/10.1080/13562517.2015.1087998
Fear-potentiated startle: a review from an aviation perspective
Martin, Wayne L., Murray, Patrick S., Bates, Paul R. and Lee, Paul S. Y.. 2015. "Fear-potentiated startle: a review from an aviation perspective." The International Journal of Aviation Psychology. 25 (2), pp. 97-107. https://doi.org/10.1080/10508414.2015.1128293
Continuous change and added complexity – a real threat to safety?
Martin, Wayne. 2015. "Continuous change and added complexity – a real threat to safety? " PACDEFF 2015. Brisbane, Australia 25 - 27 Aug 2015
Industry Best Practice for Airport Construction Safety and Phasing Plans (CSPPs)
Horst, Joshua J. and Murray, Patrick S.. 2014. "Industry Best Practice for Airport Construction Safety and Phasing Plans (CSPPs)." 2nd Transportation and Development Institute Congress 2014. Florida, United States 08 - 11 Jun 2014 United States. American Society of Civil Engineers. pp. 856-868 https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784413586.083
Aviation safety management systems
Yeun, Richard, Bates, Paul and Murray, Patrick. 2014. "Aviation safety management systems." World Review of Intermodal Transportation Research. 5 (2), pp. 168-196. https://doi.org/10.1504/WRITR.2014.067234
‘It's more than stick and rudder skills’: an aviation professional development community of practice
Bates, P. and O'Brien, W.. 2013. "‘It's more than stick and rudder skills’: an aviation professional development community of practice ." Teaching in Higher Education. 18 (6), pp. 619-630. https://doi.org/10.1080/13562517.2013.764862
Training Interventions for Managing Startle During Unexpected Critical Events
Martin, W.L. and Murray P.S.. 2013. "Training Interventions for Managing Startle During Unexpected Critical Events." 66th Annual International Air Safety Seminar 2013. Washington, United States 13 - 29 Oct 2013 United States. Flight Safety Foundation. pp. 116-125
Aeolian dust as a transport hazard
Baddock, M. C., Strong, C. L., Murray, P. S. and McTainsh, G. H.. 2013. "Aeolian dust as a transport hazard." Atmospheric Environment. 71, pp. 7-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.01.042
'Farm to Table': Air Transport Issues for an Island State
Kille, Tarryn, Bates, Paul and Murray, Patrick. 2013. "'Farm to Table': Air Transport Issues for an Island State." Australasian Transport Research Forum 2013 (ATRF 2013). Brisbane, Australia 02 - 04 Oct 2013 Australia.
Startle, Freeze and Denial: An analysis of Pathological Pilot Reactions during Unexpected Events
Martin, Wayne L., Murray, Patrick S. and Bates, Paul R.. 2012. "Startle, Freeze and Denial: An analysis of Pathological Pilot Reactions during Unexpected Events." 65th Annual International Air Safety Seminar 2012. Santiago, Chile 23 - 25 Oct 2012 pp. 234-247
The relationship between the implementation of a Safety Management System and the attitudes of employees towards unsafe acts in aviation
Remawi, Haytham, Bates, Paul and Dix, Ian. 2011. "The relationship between the implementation of a Safety Management System and the attitudes of employees towards unsafe acts in aviation ." Safety Science. 49 (5), pp. 625-632. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2010.09.014
Enhancing Communication in Surgery Through Team Training Interventions: A Systematic Literature Review
Gillespie, Brigid, Chaboyer, Wendy and Murray, Patrick. 2010. "Enhancing Communication in Surgery Through Team Training Interventions: A Systematic Literature Review." AORN Journal. 92 (6), pp. 642-657. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aorn.2010.02.015
Crew Resource Management
Maurino, Daniel E. and Murray, Patrick S.. 2009. "Crew Resource Management." Wise, John A., Hopkin, V. David and Garland, Daniel J. (ed.) Handbook of Aviation Human Factors. United States. CRC Press. pp. 10.1-10.20
Evaluating student centred teaching and learning strategies for Aviation students using a quality framework for online learning environments
Bates, Paul and Obexer,. 2005. "Evaluating student centred teaching and learning strategies for Aviation students using a quality framework for online learning environments." 22nd Annual Conference of the Australasian Society for Computers in Learning in Tertiary Education (ASCILITE 2005). Brisbane, Australia 04 - 07 Dec 2005 Australia. Australasian Society for Computers in Learning in Tertiary Education (ASCILITE). pp. 67-77
Heat stress lipids and schizophrenia
Bates, P. R., Hawkins, A., Mahadik, S. P. and McGrath, J. J.. 1996. "Heat stress lipids and schizophrenia." 2nd International Workshop on Cell Membrane Pathology in Schizophrenia (1995). United Kingdom 06 - 08 Oct 1995 United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0952-3278(96)90153-2
Neurogenesis in adult human
Murrell, Wayne, Ray-Barruel, Gillia, Livesey, Jonathon, McGrath, John, MacDonald, Kelli P. A., Bates, Paul R. and Mackay-Sim, Alan. 1996. "Neurogenesis in adult human ." NeuroReport. 7 (6), pp. 1189-1194. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001756-199604260-00019
Cell cycle characteristics and schizophrenia
Shepherd, R.A., Bates, P.R. and McGrath, J.J.. 1993. "Cell cycle characteristics and schizophrenia ." Biological Psychiatry. 33 (1), pp. 60-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-3223(93)90282-I
Enhanced levels of radiation-induced G2 phase delay in ataxia telangiectasia heterozygotes
Lavin, Martin F., Le Poidevin, Priscilla and Bates Paul. 1992. "Enhanced levels of radiation-induced G2 phase delay in ataxia telangiectasia heterozygotes ." Cancer Genetics. 60 (2), pp. 183-187. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-4608(92)90014-Y
Comparison of γ-radiation-induced accumulation of ataxia telangiectasia and control cells in G2 phase
Bates Paul R. and Lavin, Martin F.. 1989. "Comparison of γ-radiation-induced accumulation of ataxia telangiectasia and control cells in G2 phase." Mutation Research/DNA Repair. 218 (2), pp. 165-170. https://doi.org/10.1016/0921-8777(89)90023-2
Normal inhibition of DNA synthesis following γ-irradiation of radiosensitive cell lines from patients with Down's syndromes and Alzheimer's disease
Lavin, Martin F., Bates Paul, Le Poidevin, Priscilla and Chen, Philip C.. 1989. "Normal inhibition of DNA synthesis following γ-irradiation of radiosensitive cell lines from patients with Down's syndromes and Alzheimer's disease." Mutation Research/DNA Repair. 218 (1), pp. 41-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/0921-8777(89)90045-1
Ataxia-telangiectasia: a human genetic disorder with predisposition to cancer
Lavin, M., Houldsworth, J., Mohamed, R., Bates P. and Kumar, S.. 1985. "Ataxia-telangiectasia: a human genetic disorder with predisposition to cancer ." Progress in clinical and biological research. 172 A, pp. 409-416.