Hans J. Eysenck and Raymond B. Cattell on intelligence and personality

Article

Boyle, Gregory J., Stankov, Lazar, Martin, Nicholas G., Petrides, K. V., Eysenck, Michael W. and Ortet, Generos. 2016. "Hans J. Eysenck and Raymond B. Cattell on intelligence and personality." Personality and Individual Differences. 103, pp. 40-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.04.029

Article Title	Hans J. Eysenck and Raymond B. Cattell on intelligence and personality
ERA Journal ID	6553
Article Category	Article
Authors	Boyle, Gregory J. (Author), Stankov, Lazar (Author), Martin, Nicholas G. (Author), Petrides, K. V. (Author), Eysenck, Michael W. (Author) and Ortet, Generos (Author)
Journal Title	Personality and Individual Differences
Journal Citation	103, pp. 40-47
Number of Pages	7
Year	2016
Place of Publication	United Kingdom
ISSN	0191-8869
	1873-3549
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.04.029
Web Address (URL)	http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0191886916302872/1-s2.0-S0191886916302872-main.pdf?_tid=4710abba-77ff-11e7-a29b-00000aacb362&acdnat=1501732575_c63f1c9e1585dc75c0293e2adddbf3da
Abstract	The two most prominent individual differences researchers of the twentieth century were Hans J. Eysenck and Raymond B. Cattell. Both were giants of scientific psychology, each publishing scores of books and hundreds of empirical peer-reviewed journal articles. Influenced by Hebb's distinction between physiological (Intelligence A) and experiential (Intelligence B), Eysenck focused on discovering the underlying biological substrata of intelligence. Analogously, Cattell proposed the Gf–Gc theory which distinguishes between fluid and crystallised intelligence. Cattell's Culture Fair Intelligence Test (CFIT), a measure primarily of fluid intelligence, was constructed specifically to minimise differences in test bias in IQ scores between different ethnic/racial groups. Within the personality realm, Eysenck adopted a pragmatic three-factor model as measured via the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ-R) and its variants. In contrast, Cattell employed a lexical approach that resulted in a large number of primary and secondary normal and abnormal personality trait dimensions, measured via the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF), and the corresponding Clinical Analysis Questionnaire (CAQ), respectively. Recent molecular genetics findings provide empirical confirmation of Eysenck and Cattell's positions on the biological underpinnings of personality and ability traits, allowing an improved understanding of the causes of individual differences.
Keywords	16PF; cognitive abilities; culture fair intelligence test; EPQ-R; Gf–Gc theory; individual differences; PEN model; pPersonality;
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020	529999. Other psychology not elsewhere classified
Public Notes	Files associated with this item cannot be displayed due to copyright restrictions.
Byline Affiliations	University of Melbourne
	University of Sydney
	Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Australia
	London Psychometric Laboratory, United Kingdom
	University of Roehampton, United Kingdom
	Jaume I University, Spain
Institution of Origin	University of Southern Queensland

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