Development of a prototype precision spot spray system using image analysis and plant identification technology

Paper

Rees, Steven, McCarthy, Cheryl, Artizzu, X. P. B., Baillie, Craig and Dunn, Mark. 2009. "Development of a prototype precision spot spray system using image analysis and plant identification technology." Banhazi, T. M. and Saunders, C. (ed.) SEAg 2009: Agricultural Technologies In a Changing Climate. Brisbane, Australia 13 - 16 Sep 2009 Brisbane, Australia.
Paper/Presentation Title

Development of a prototype precision spot spray system using image analysis and plant identification technology

Presentation TypePaper
AuthorsRees, Steven (Author), McCarthy, Cheryl (Author), Artizzu, X. P. B. (Author), Baillie, Craig (Author) and Dunn, Mark (Author)
EditorsBanhazi, T. M. and Saunders, C.
Journal or Proceedings TitleProceedings of the 2009 CIGR International Symposium of the Australian Society for Engineering in Agriculture (SEAg 2009)
Number of Pages7
Year2009
Place of PublicationBrisbane, Australia
ISBN9780858259096
Web Address (URL) of Paperhttp://search.informit.com.au/fullText;dn=641962740372785;res=IELENG
Conference/EventSEAg 2009: Agricultural Technologies In a Changing Climate
Event Details
SEAg 2009: Agricultural Technologies In a Changing Climate
Event Date
13 to end of 16 Sep 2009
Event Location
Brisbane, Australia
Abstract

A project funded by the Australian Sugar Research and Development Corporation aimed to increase sugarcane production through cost effective automated precision weed spraying. The project developed a precision imaging system that could be integrated with current spraying systems to specifically target difficult to control weeds such as guinea grass/green panic. The technology is capable of differentiating weeds from sugarcane in the row area and actuating a spray solenoid so that only the weeds are sprayed with herbicide in a single pass and with minimal over-spraying of the crop. The precision imaging and spot spraying technology demonstrated proof-of-concept and a cost benefit analysis of the new weed control system indicated potential grower savings.
This paper will report on a review of appropriate technologies, description of the prototype sugarcane image analysis system and algorithms, assessment of accuracy of weed identification and an evaluation of system costs and performance.

Keywordssugarcane; precision agriculture; image analysis; plant identification; precision spraying; technology
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020400799. Control engineering, mechatronics and robotics not elsewhere classified
300409. Crop and pasture protection (incl. pests, diseases and weeds)
460306. Image processing
Public Notes

File reproduced in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher/author.

Byline AffiliationsNational Centre for Engineering in Agriculture
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Australia
Permalink -

https://research.usq.edu.au/item/9zx56/development-of-a-prototype-precision-spot-spray-system-using-image-analysis-and-plant-identification-technology

Log in to edit

Download files

Published Version
Rees_McCarthy_etal_SEAg2009_PV.pdf
File access level: Anyone

Submitted Version
Rees_McCarthy_Artizzu_Baillie_Dunn_AV.pdf
File access level: Anyone

  • 2194
    total views
  • 630
    total downloads
  • 6
    views this month
  • 2
    downloads this month

Export as

Related outputs

Non-visual common root rot disease detection using NIR spectrum and machine learning methods
Xiong, Yiyi, McCarthy, Cheryl, Humpal, Jacob and Percy, Cassandra. "Non-visual common root rot disease detection using NIR spectrum and machine learning methods." 2023 11th International Conference on Agro-Geoinformatics (Agro-Geoinformatics). Wuhan, China 25 - 28 Jul 2023 IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers). https://doi.org/https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/conhome/10233256/proceeding
Near-infrared spectroscopy and deep neural networks for early common root rot detection in wheat from multi-season trials
Xiong, Yiyi, McCarthy, Cheryl, Humpal, Jacob and Percy, Cassandra. 2024. "Near-infrared spectroscopy and deep neural networks for early common root rot detection in wheat from multi-season trials ." Agronomy Journal. 116 (5), pp. 2370-2390. https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.21648
A review on common root rot of wheat and barley in Australia
Xiong, Yiyi, McCarthy, Cheryl, Humpal, Jacob and Percy, Cassandra. 2023. "A review on common root rot of wheat and barley in Australia." Plant Pathology. 72 (8), pp. 1347-1364. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppa.13777
A modeling framework to quantify the effects of compaction on soil water retention and infiltration
Ngo-Cong, Duc, Antille, Diogenes L., van Genuchten, Martinus Th., Nguyen, Hung Q., Tekeste, Mehari Z., Baillie, Craig P. and Godwin, Richard J.. 2021. "A modeling framework to quantify the effects of compaction on soil water retention and infiltration ." Soil Science Society of America Journal. 85 (6), pp. 1931-1945. https://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20328
Potential for machine vision of grain crop features for nitrogen assessment
McCarthy, Alison, Colaco, Andre, Richetti, Jonathan and Baillie, Craig. 2022. "Potential for machine vision of grain crop features for nitrogen assessment." 20th Australian Agronomy Conference (2022). Toowoomba, Australia Toowoomba, Australia.
Future farming: Machine vision for in-season nitrogen assessment of grain crops
McCarthy, Alison and Baillie, Craig. 2020. "Future farming: Machine vision for in-season nitrogen assessment of grain crops." 2020 Precision Agriculture Symposium Webinar. Virtual 30 Sep 2020 Sydney, Australia.
Future farming: Machine vision for nitrogen assessment in grain crops
McCarthy, Alison and Baillie, Craig. 2020. "Future farming: Machine vision for nitrogen assessment in grain crops." GRDC Grains Research Update: Driving Profit Through Research. Goondiwindi, Australia 03 - 04 Mar 2020 Australia.
Review of Current State of Autonomous Technology in Agriculture
Baillie, Craig and Humpal, Jacob. 2021. Review of Current State of Autonomous Technology in Agriculture. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
NIR sensing and machine learning to rapidly assess crown rot in wheat
Humpal, Jacob, McCarthy, Cheryl, Percy, Cassandra and Thomasson, J. Alex. 2020. "NIR sensing and machine learning to rapidly assess crown rot in wheat." GRDC Grains Research Update: Driving Profit Through Research. Goondiwindi, Australia 03 - 04 Mar 2020 Australia.
Detection of crown rot in wheat utilising near-infrared spectroscopy: towards remote and robotic sensing
Humpal, Jacob, McCarthy, Cheryl, Percy, Cassy and Thomasson, J. Alex. 2020. "Detection of crown rot in wheat utilising near-infrared spectroscopy: towards remote and robotic sensing." Thomasson, J. Alex and Torres-Rua, Alfonso F. (ed.) Autonomous Air and Ground Sensing Systems for Agricultural Optimization and Phenotyping V (SPIE 2020). Online 27 Apr - 08 May 2020 United States. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2557949
Review of Technologies, Regulations and Operating Standards for Field Based Autonomous Agricultural Machinery
Baillie, Craig, Torrance, Logan, Long, Derek, Brett, Peter and Humpal, Jacob. 2020. Review of Technologies, Regulations and Operating Standards for Field Based Autonomous Agricultural Machinery. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
Machine vision learning for crop disease and quality parameters
Humpal, Jacob, McCarthy, Cheryl, Thomasson, J. Alex and Percy, Cassy. 2018. "Machine vision learning for crop disease and quality parameters." 21st Precision Agriculture Symposium (2018). Adelaide, Australia Australia.
Automation: opportunities for adoption in agriculture
Humpal, Jacob and Baillie, Craig. 2022. "Automation: opportunities for adoption in agriculture." GRDC Update Papers.
Space Agriculture: Sensing Crops in Space
Humpal, Jacob, McCarthy, Cheryl, Baillie, Craig, Percy, Cassy and Brett, Peter. 2022. "Space Agriculture: Sensing Crops in Space." GRDC Update Papers.
Preliminary evaluation of real-time sensing of harvester losses by machine vision
McCarthy Chery. 2022. "Preliminary evaluation of real-time sensing of harvester losses by machine vision ." 43rd Annual Conference of the Australian Society of Sugar Cane Technologists (ASSCT 2022). Mackay, Australia 19 - 22 Apr 2022 Australia. Australian Society of Sugar Cane Technologists. pp. 108-110
Field measurements of fugitive methane emissions from three Australian waste management and biogas facilities
Reinelt, Torsten, McCabe, Bernadette K., Hill, Andrew, Harris Peter, Baillie, Craig and Liebetrau, Jan. 2022. "Field measurements of fugitive methane emissions from three Australian waste management and biogas facilities ." Waste Management. 137, pp. 294-303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2021.11.012
Rehabilitating open-cut coal mine spoil for a pasture system in south east Queensland, Australia: abiotic soil properties compared with unmined land through time
Bennett, J. McL., Melland, A. R., Eberhard, J., Paton, C., Clewett, J. F., Newsome, T. and Baillie, C.. 2021. "Rehabilitating open-cut coal mine spoil for a pasture system in south east Queensland, Australia: abiotic soil properties compared with unmined land through time." Geoderma Regional. 25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geodrs.2021.e00364
Animal management in the Australian rangelands
Finch, Neal, Murray, Peter, Dunn, Mark and Billingsley, John. 2008. "Animal management in the Australian rangelands." SPIE Newsroom. https://doi.org/10.1117/2.1200801.0960
Sustainability of beef production from brigalow lands after cultivation and mining. 3. Pasture rundown, climate and grazing pressure effects
Clewett, Jeffrey F., Newsome, Tom, Paton, Colin J., Melland, Alice R., Eberhard, Jochen E., Bennett, John McL and Baillie, Craig P.. 2021. "Sustainability of beef production from brigalow lands after cultivation and mining. 3. Pasture rundown, climate and grazing pressure effects." Animal Production Science. 61 (12), pp. 1280-1302. https://doi.org/10.1071/AN20134
Sustainability of beef production from brigalow lands after cultivation and mining. 2. Acland Grazing Trial pasture and cattle performance
Melland, Alice R., Newsome, Tom, Paton, Colin J., Clewett, Jeffrey F., Bennett, John McL, Eberhard, Jochen and Baillie, Craig P.. 2021. "Sustainability of beef production from brigalow lands after cultivation and mining. 2. Acland Grazing Trial pasture and cattle performance." Animal Production Science. 61 (12), pp. 1262-1279. https://doi.org/10.1071/AN20137
Sustainability of beef production from brigalow lands after cultivation and mining. 1. Sown pasture growth and carrying capacity
Paton, Colin J., Clewett, Jeffrey F., Melland, Alice R., Newsome, Tom, Eberhard, Jochen, Bennett, John McL and Baillie, Craig P.. 2021. "Sustainability of beef production from brigalow lands after cultivation and mining. 1. Sown pasture growth and carrying capacity." Animal Production Science. 61 (12), pp. 1246-1261. https://doi.org/10.1071/AN20135
Preserving sugarcane trash for year-round biogas production: effects of additives on ensiling properties and methane potential
Janke, L, McCabe, BK, Hill, A, Lee, S, Harris, P, Marchuk, S and Baillie, C. 2019. "Preserving sugarcane trash for year-round biogas production: effects of additives on ensiling properties and methane potential." 41st Annual Conference of the Australian Society of Sugar Cane Technologists (ASSCT 2019). Toowoomba, Australia 30 Apr - 03 May 2019 Australia.
Toward profitable and sustainable bioresource management in the Australian red meat processing industry: a critical review and illustrative case study
McCabe, Bernadette K., Harris, Peter W., Antille, Diogenes, Schmidt, Thomas, Lee, Seonmi, Hill, Andrew and Baillie, Craig. 2020. "Toward profitable and sustainable bioresource management in the Australian red meat processing industry: a critical review and illustrative case study." Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology. 50 (22), pp. 2415-2439. https://doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2020.1712310
Microbial electrochemical sensors for volatile fatty acid measurement in high strength wastewaters: A review
Hill, Andrew, Tait, Stephan, Baillie, Craig, Virdis, Bernardino and McCabe, Bernadette. 2020. "Microbial electrochemical sensors for volatile fatty acid measurement in high strength wastewaters: A review ." Biosensors and Bioelectronics. 165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2020.112409
Bioenergy and bioproducts in the Australian red meat processing industry: a case study
McCabe, Bernadette K., Harris, Peter W., Schmidt, Thomas, Antille, Diogenes L., Lee, Seonmi, Hill, Andrew and Baillie, Craig P.. 2018. "Bioenergy and bioproducts in the Australian red meat processing industry: a case study." 2018 American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers Annual International Meeting (ASABE 2018). Detroit, United States 29 Jul - 01 Aug 2018 St. Joseph, United States. https://doi.org/10.13031/aim.201800980
An investigation into the fertilizer potential of slaughterhouse cattle paunch
McCabe, Bernadette K., Antille, Diogenes L., Birt, Henry W. G., Spence, Jennifer E., Fernana, Jamal M., van der Spek, Wilmer and Baillie, Craig P.. 2016. "An investigation into the fertilizer potential of slaughterhouse cattle paunch." 2016 ASABE Annual International Meeting. Orlando, Florida 17 - 20 Jul 2016 Spokane, Washington. https://doi.org/10.13031/aim.20162460831
Deep learning - method overview and review of use for fruit detection and yield estimation
Koirala, Anand, Walsh, Kerry B., Wang, Zhenglin and McCarthy, Cheryl. 2019. "Deep learning - method overview and review of use for fruit detection and yield estimation." Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 162, pp. 219-234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2019.04.017
Deep learning for real‑time fruit detection and orchard fruit load estimation: benchmarking of ‘MangoYOLO’
Koirala, A, Walsh, K.B, Wang, Z and McCarthy, C. 2019. "Deep learning for real‑time fruit detection and orchard fruit load estimation: benchmarking of ‘MangoYOLO’." Precision Agriculture. 20 (6), pp. 1107-1135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-019-09642-0
Controlled traffic farming in precision agriculture
Antille, Diogenes L., Chamen, Tim, Tullberg, Jeff N., Isbister, Bindi, Jensen, Troy A., Chen, Guangnan, Baillie, Craig P. and Schueller, John K.. 2018. "Controlled traffic farming in precision agriculture." Stafford, John (ed.) Precision agriculture for sustainability. Cambridge, United Kingdom. Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing Limited. pp. 239-270
Ensiling fermentation reveals pre-treatment effects for anaerobic digestion of sugarcane biomass: an assessment of ensiling additives on methane potential
Janke, Leandro, McCabe, Bernadette Kathleen, Harris, Peter, Hill, Andrew, Lee, Seonmi, Weinrich, Soren, Marchuk, Serhiy and Baillie, Craig. 2019. "Ensiling fermentation reveals pre-treatment effects for anaerobic digestion of sugarcane biomass: an assessment of ensiling additives on methane potential." Bioresource Technology. 279, pp. 398-403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2019.01.143
Advancing automation in the agricultural working environment
Brett, P, McCarthy, A, Long, D, Gillies, M, Foley, J and Baillie, C. 2019. "Advancing automation in the agricultural working environment." Allsopp, P. (ed.) 41st Annual Conference of the Australian Society of Sugar Cane Technologists (ASSCT 2019). Toowoomba, Australia 30 Apr - 03 May 2019 Australia.
Precision weed detection via colour and depth data fusion in real-time for automatic spot spraying
Rees, Steven. 2015. Precision weed detection via colour and depth data fusion in real-time for automatic spot spraying. PhD Thesis Doctor of Philosophy. University of Southern Queensland.
An investigation into the fertilizer potential of slaughterhouse cattle paunch
Antille, D. L., McCabe, B. K., Van Der Spek, W. and Baillie, C. P.. 2018. "An investigation into the fertilizer potential of slaughterhouse cattle paunch." Transactions of the ASABE. 61 (1), pp. 87-101. https://doi.org/10.13031/trans.12342
Investigation into thin layer drying rates and equilibrium moisture content of abattoir paunch waste
Spence, Jennifer, Buttsworth, David, McCabe, Bernadette K., Baillie, Craig, Antille, Diogenes L. and Carter, Brad. 2018. "Investigation into thin layer drying rates and equilibrium moisture content of abattoir paunch waste." Renewable Energy. 124, pp. 95-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2017.07.082
The potential for a rehabilitated coal mine soil to support livestock grazing in south-east Queensland
Melland, Alice R., Eberhard, Jochen, Paton, Col, Baillie, Craig and Bennett, John McL.. 2014. "The potential for a rehabilitated coal mine soil to support livestock grazing in south-east Queensland." Patti, Antonio, Tang, Caixan and Wong, Vanessa (ed.) 2014 National Soil Science Conference. Melbourne, Australia 23 - 27 Nov 2014 Melbourne, Australia.
Evaluation of alternative energy sources for cotton production in Australia
Chen, Guangnan, Sandell, Gary, Yusaf, Talal and Baillie, Craig. 2013. "Evaluation of alternative energy sources for cotton production in Australia." SEAg 2013: Innovative Agricultural Technologies for a Sustainable Future. Barton, Australia 22 - 25 Sep 2013 Barton, ACT, Australia.
A review of autonomous navigation systems in agricultural environments
Shalal, N., Low, T., McCarthy, C. and Hancock, N.. 2013. "A review of autonomous navigation systems in agricultural environments." SEAg 2013: Innovative Agricultural Technologies for a Sustainable Future. Barton, Australia 22 - 25 Sep 2013
Row and water front detection from UAV thermal-infrared imagery for furrow irrigation monitoring
Long, Derek, McCarthy, Cheryl and Jensen, Troy. 2016. "Row and water front detection from UAV thermal-infrared imagery for furrow irrigation monitoring." 2016 IEEE/ASME International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics (AIM 2016). Banff, Canada 12 - 15 Jul 2016 https://doi.org/10.1109/AIM.2016.7576783
A comparison of rehabilitated coal mine soil and unmined soil supporting grazed pastures in south-east Queensland
Melland, Alice R., Eberhard, Jochen, Paton, Col, Baillie, Craig and Bennett, John McL.. 2014. "A comparison of rehabilitated coal mine soil and unmined soil supporting grazed pastures in south-east Queensland." Patti, Antonio, Tang, Caixan and Wong, Vanessa (ed.) 2014 National Soil Science Conference. Melbourne, Australia 23 - 27 Nov 2014 Melbourne, Australia.
Alternative energy sources fro cotton production
Baillie, Craig, Sandell, Gary, Chen, Guangnan and Yusaf, Talal. 2012. "Alternative energy sources fro cotton production." 16th Australian Cotton Conference (ACC 2012): Growing Better all the Time. Gold Coast, Australia 14 - 16 Aug 2012 Gold Coast, Australia.
Spot spraying reduces herbicide concentrations in runoff
Melland, Alice R., Silburn, D. Mark, McHugh, Allen D., Fillols, Emilie, Rojas-Ponce, Samuel, Baillie, Craig and Lewis, Stephen. 2016. "Spot spraying reduces herbicide concentrations in runoff." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 64 (20), pp. 4009-4020. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5b03688
An impact assessment framework for harvesting technologies in cotton: management considerations for the John Deere 7760
Bennett, J. McL., Jensen, T. A., Antille, D. L. and Baillie, C.. 2016. An impact assessment framework for harvesting technologies in cotton: management considerations for the John Deere 7760. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
Orchard mapping and mobile robot localisation using on-board camera and laser scanner data fusion – Part B: mapping and localisation
Shalal, Nagham, Low, Tobias, McCarthy, Cheryl and Hancock, Nigel. 2015. "Orchard mapping and mobile robot localisation using on-board camera and laser scanner data fusion – Part B: mapping and localisation." Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 119, pp. 267-278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2015.09.026
Reducing energy use and costs in agriculture
Chen, Guangnan, Sandell, Gary and Baillie, Craig. 2015. "Reducing energy use and costs in agriculture." Global Journal of Energy Technology Research Updates. 2 (2), pp. 33-38. https://doi.org/10.15377/2409-5818.2015.02.02.1
Orchard mapping and mobile robot localisation using on-board camera and laser scanner data fusion – Part A: tree detection
Shalal, Nagham, Low, Tobias, McCarthy, Cheryl and Hancock, Nigel. 2015. "Orchard mapping and mobile robot localisation using on-board camera and laser scanner data fusion – Part A: tree detection." Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 119, pp. 254-266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2015.09.025
Alternative energy sources for cotton production in Australia
Chen, Guangnan, Sandell, Gary and Baillie, Craig. 2014. "Alternative energy sources for cotton production in Australia." 18th World Congress of the International Commission of Agriculture and Biosystems Engineering (CIGR 2014): Upgrading the Quality of our Life. Beijing, China 16 - 19 Sep 2014 Kyoto, Japan.
Improving energy efficiency in agriculture
Chen, Guangnan, Sandell, Gary and Baillie, Craig. 2014. "Improving energy efficiency in agriculture." 18th World Congress of the International Commission of Agriculture and Biosystems Engineering (CIGR 2014): Upgrading the Quality of our Life. Beijing, China 16 - 19 Sep 2014 Kyoto, Japan.
Anaerobic digestion and biogas potential: simulation of lab and industrial-scale processes
Hamawand, Ihsan and Baillie, Craig. 2015. "Anaerobic digestion and biogas potential: simulation of lab and industrial-scale processes." Energies. 8 (1), pp. 454-474. https://doi.org/10.3390/en8010454
An assessment of sugarcane yield monitoring concepts and techniques from commercial yield monitoring systems
Jensen, T. A., Baillie, C., Bramley, R. G. V. and Panitz, J. H.. 2013. "An assessment of sugarcane yield monitoring concepts and techniques from commercial yield monitoring systems." International Sugar Journal: a technical and commercial periodical devoted entirely to the sugar and sweetener industry. 115 (1369), pp. 53-57.
Coals seam gas (CSG) in agriculture - a review: technical and market analysis for Australia
Yusaf, Talal, Hamawand, Ihsan, Schmidt, Erik, Binnie, James, Rees, Steven and Chakrabarty, Sayan. 2014. "Coals seam gas (CSG) in agriculture - a review: technical and market analysis for Australia ." Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments. 8, pp. 149-158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2014.08.005
Developing life cycle inventory for life cycle assessment of Australian cotton
Chen, Guangnan, Baillie, Craig, Eady, Sandra and Grant, Tim. 2013. "Developing life cycle inventory for life cycle assessment of Australian cotton." Grant, Tim (ed.) 8th Australian Life Cycle Assessment Conference (ALCAS 2013): Pathways to Greening Global Markets. Sydney, Australia 16 - 18 Jul 2013 Sydney, Australia.
Evaluation of stereovision for extracting plant features
Mohammed Amean, Z., Low, T., McCarthy, C. and Hancock, N.. 2013. "Evaluation of stereovision for extracting plant features." SEAg 2013: Innovative Agricultural Technologies for a Sustainable Future. Barton, Australia 22 - 25 Sep 2013 Canberra, Australia.
A preliminary evaluation of vision and laser sensing for tree trunk detection and orchard mapping
Shalal, Nagham, Low, Tobias, McCarthy, Cheryl and Hancock, Nigel. 2013. "A preliminary evaluation of vision and laser sensing for tree trunk detection and orchard mapping." Katupitiya, Jayantha, Guivant, Jose and Eaton, Ray (ed.) Australasian Conference on Robotics and Automation (ACRA 2013). Sydney, Australia 02 - 04 Dec 2013 Australia.
Automatic plant branch segmentation and classification using vesselness measure
Mohammed Amean, Z., Low, T., McCarthy, C. and Hancock, N.. 2013. "Automatic plant branch segmentation and classification using vesselness measure." Katupitiya, Jayantha, Guivant, Jose and Eaton, Ray (ed.) Australasian Conference on Robotics and Automation (ACRA 2013). Sydney, Australia 02 - 04 Dec 2013 Australia.
Assessing a new approach to covered anaerobic pond design in the treatment of abattoir wastewater
McCabe, B. K., Harris, P., Baillie, C., Pittaway, P. and Yusaf, T.. 2013. "Assessing a new approach to covered anaerobic pond design in the treatment of abattoir wastewater." Australian Journal of Multi-Disciplinary Engineering. 10 (1), pp. 81-93. https://doi.org/10.7158/N12-AE07.2013.10.1.
Investigating wastewater modelling as a tool to predict anaerobic decomposition and biogas yield of abattoir effluent
McCabe, Bernadette K., Hamawand, Ihsan and Baillie, Craig. 2013. "Investigating wastewater modelling as a tool to predict anaerobic decomposition and biogas yield of abattoir effluent." Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. 1 (4), pp. 1375-1379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2013.07.015
A case study for biogas generation from covered anaerobic ponds treating abattoir wastewater: investigation of pond performance and potential biogas production
McCabe, Bernadette K., Hamawand, Ihsan, Harris, Peter, Baillie, Craig and Yusaf, Talal. 2014. "A case study for biogas generation from covered anaerobic ponds treating abattoir wastewater: investigation of pond performance and potential biogas production." Applied Energy. 114, pp. 798-808. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.10.020
Machine vision for animal identification
Dunn, Mark. 2007. Machine vision for animal identification. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
Review of precision livestock farming (PLF) technologies for the Australian pig industry
Banhazi, Thomas, Dunn, Mark, Cook, Peter and Durack, Matthew. 2003. Review of precision livestock farming (PLF) technologies for the Australian pig industry. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
Development of EnergyCalc - a tool to assess cotton on-farm energy uses
Chen, Guangnan and Baillie, Craig. 2007. Development of EnergyCalc - a tool to assess cotton on-farm energy uses. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
Opportunities to enhance energy efficiency and minimise greenhouse gases in Queensland's intensive agricultural sector
Chen, Guangnan, Kupke, Paul and Baillie, Craig. 2008. Opportunities to enhance energy efficiency and minimise greenhouse gases in Queensland's intensive agricultural sector. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
Energy and carbon accounting case study on Keytah (NEC0901)
Baillie, Craig. 2009. Energy and carbon accounting case study on Keytah (NEC0901) . Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
Technologies for cattle monitoring - proof of concept study
Rees, S.. 2008. Technologies for cattle monitoring - proof of concept study. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
Commercialisation of precision agriculture technologies in the macadamia industry
Rees, Steven, Dunn, Mark, Werkman, Peter and McCarthy, Cheryl. 2009. Commercialisation of precision agriculture technologies in the macadamia industry. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
Within block spatial variation in CCS: another potentially important consideration in the application of precision agriculture to sugarcane production
Bramley, R. G. V., Panitz, J. H., Jensen, T. A. and Baillie, C. P.. 2012. "Within block spatial variation in CCS: another potentially important consideration in the application of precision agriculture to sugarcane production." Bruce, R. C. (ed.) 34th Annual Conference of the Australian Society of Sugar Cane Technologists (ASSCT 2012). Palm Cove, Australia 01 - 04 May 2012 Mackay, Australia.
An assessment of sugarcane yield monitoring concepts and techniques from commercial yield monitoring systems
Jensen, T. A., Baillie, C., Bramley, R. G. V. and Panitz, J. H.. 2012. "An assessment of sugarcane yield monitoring concepts and techniques from commercial yield monitoring systems." Bruce, R. C. (ed.) 34th Annual Conference of the Australian Society of Sugar Cane Technologists (ASSCT 2012). Palm Cove, Australia 01 - 04 May 2012 Mackay, Australia.
Sustainable biomass supply chain for the Mallee woody crop industry
Schmidt, Erik, Giles, Rick, Davis, Rod, Baillie, Craig, Jensen, Troy, Sandell, Gary and Norris, Chris. 2012. Sustainable biomass supply chain for the Mallee woody crop industry. Canberra, Australia. Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation.
Preliminary evaluation of shape and colour image sensing for automated weed identification in sugarcane
McCarthy, Cheryl, Rees, Steven and Baillie, Craig. 2012. "Preliminary evaluation of shape and colour image sensing for automated weed identification in sugarcane." Bruce, R. C. (ed.) 34th Annual Conference of the Australian Society of Sugar Cane Technologists (ASSCT 2012). Palm Cove, Australia 01 - 04 May 2012 Australia.
Opportunities for reducing on-farm energy use and greenhouse gas emissions in sugarcane
Baillie, Craig and Chen, Guangnan. 2012. "Opportunities for reducing on-farm energy use and greenhouse gas emissions in sugarcane." Bruce, R. C. (ed.) 34th Annual Conference of the Australian Society of Sugar Cane Technologists (ASSCT 2012). Palm Cove, Australia 01 - 04 May 2012 Mackay, Australia.
Review of precision irrigation technologies and their application
Smith, R. J., Baillie, J. N., McCarthy, A. C., Raine, S. R. and Baillie, C. P.. 2010. Review of precision irrigation technologies and their application. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
Opportunities for reducing on-farm energy use and greenhouse gas emissions in sugarcane
Baillie, Craig and Chen, Guangnan. 2012. "Opportunities for reducing on-farm energy use and greenhouse gas emissions in sugarcane." International Sugar Journal: a technical and commercial periodical devoted entirely to the sugar and sweetener industry. 114 (1366), pp. 725-730.
Potential technologies to measure sugarcane quality in the field
Nawi, Nazmi Mat, Chen, Guangnan, Jensen, Troy and Baillie, Craig. 2012. "Potential technologies to measure sugarcane quality in the field." 2012 International Conference of Agricultural Engineering (CIGR-AgEng 2012). Valencia, Spain 08 - 12 Jul 2012 Valencia, Spain.
Prediction of sugar content along the height of sugarcane internodes using VisNIR
Nawi, Nazmi Mat, Chen, Guangnan, Jensen, Troy and Baillie, Craig. 2012. "Prediction of sugar content along the height of sugarcane internodes using VisNIR." 2012 International Conference of Agricultural Engineering (CIGR-AgEng 2012). Valencia, Spain 08 - 12 Jul 2012 Valencia, Spain.
Development and evaluation of a prototype precision spot spray system using image analysis to target guinea grass in sugarcane
Rees, S. J., McCarthy, C. L., Baillie, C. P., Burgos-Artizzu, X. P. and Dunn, M. T.. 2011. "Development and evaluation of a prototype precision spot spray system using image analysis to target guinea grass in sugarcane." Australian Journal of Multi-Disciplinary Engineering. 8 (2), pp. 97-106.
Monitoring the performance of covered anaerobic ponds in the treatment of abattoir waste
McCabe, B. K., Pittaway, P., Baillie, C. and Harris, P.. 2011. "Monitoring the performance of covered anaerobic ponds in the treatment of abattoir waste." Banhazi, T., Saunders, C. and Hegarty, R. (ed.) SEAg 2011: Diverse Challenges, Innovative Solutions. Gold Coast, Australia 29 - 30 Sep 2011 Canberra, Australia.
Transferring technology of measuring sugarcane quality from the laboratory to the field: what is possible?
Nawi, Nazmi Mat, Chen, Guangnan, Jensen, Troy and Baillie, Craig. 2011. "Transferring technology of measuring sugarcane quality from the laboratory to the field: what is possible?" Banhazi, T., Saunders, C. and Hegarty, R. (ed.) SEAg 2011: Diverse Challenges, Innovative Solutions. Gold Coast, Australia 29 - 30 Sep 2011 Canberra, Australia.
The application of spectroscopic methods to predict sugarcane quality based on stalk cross-sectional scanning
Nawi, Nazmi Mat, Jensen, Troy, Chen, Guangnan and Baillie, Craig. 2011. "The application of spectroscopic methods to predict sugarcane quality based on stalk cross-sectional scanning." Banhazi, T., Saunders, C. and Hegarty, R. (ed.) SEAg 2011: Diverse Challenges, Innovative Solutions. Gold Coast, Australia 29 - 30 Sep 2011 Canberra, Australia.
Energy, greenhouse gas emissions and irrigated agriculture
Baillie, C. P. and Chen, G.. 2011. "Energy, greenhouse gas emissions and irrigated agriculture." Banhazi, T., Saunders, C. and Hegarty, R. (ed.) SEAg 2011: Diverse Challenges, Innovative Solutions. Gold Coast, Australia 29 - 30 Sep 2011 Canberra, Australia.
Using video image analysis to count hens in cages and reduce egg breakage on collection belts
Cronin, G. M., Borg, S. S. and Dunn, M. T.. 2008. "Using video image analysis to count hens in cages and reduce egg breakage on collection belts." Animal Production Science. 48 (7), pp. 768-772. https://doi.org/10.1071/EA07404
Strategies for maximising sugarcane yield with limited water - improving irrigation system performance and crop response
Baillie, Craig Peter. 2008. Strategies for maximising sugarcane yield with limited water - improving irrigation system performance and crop response. Saarbrucken, Germany. VDM Verlag Dr. Muller.
Automated internode length measurement of cotton plants under field conditions
McCarthy, C. L., Hancock, N. H. and Raine, S. R.. 2009. "Automated internode length measurement of cotton plants under field conditions." Transactions of the ASABE. 52 (6), pp. 2093-2103.
On-the-go machine vision sensing of cotton plant geometric parameters: first results
McCarthy, Cheryl, Hancock, Nigel and Raine, Steven. 2008. "On-the-go machine vision sensing of cotton plant geometric parameters: first results." Billingsley, John and Bradbeer, Robin (ed.) 13th Annual Conference on Mechatronics and Machine Vision in Practice. (M2VIP 2006). Toowoomba, Australia 05 - 07 Dec 2006 Germany. pp. 305-312 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74027-8_26
Field testing of vision based macadamia yield monitoring
Dunn, Mark, Billingsley, John and Bell, David. 2005. "Field testing of vision based macadamia yield monitoring." Billingsley, John (ed.) 12th Annual Conference on Mechatronics and Machine Vision in Practice (M2VIP 2005). Manila, Philippines 29 Nov - 01 Dec 2005 Hertfordshire, England.
Assessing various techniques to monitor yield in sugarcane
Jensen, T. A., Fokkema, B. and Baillie, C.. 2011. "Assessing various techniques to monitor yield in sugarcane ." Banhazi, T., Saunders, C. and Hegarty, R. (ed.) SEAg 2011: Diverse Challenges, Innovative Solutions. Gold Coast, Australia 29 - 30 Sep 2011 Canberra, Australia.
Energy uses for cotton ginning in Australia
Ismail, Siti A., Chen, Guangnan, Baillie, Craig and Symes, Troy. 2011. "Energy uses for cotton ginning in Australia." Biosystems Engineering. 109 (2), pp. 140-147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2011.02.010
Applied machine vision of plants: a review with implications for field deployment in automated farming operations
McCarthy, C. L., Hancock, N. H. and Raine, S. R.. 2010. "Applied machine vision of plants: a review with implications for field deployment in automated farming operations." Intelligent Service Robotics. 3 (4), pp. 209-217. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11370-010-0075-2
Machine vision-based weed spot spraying: a review and where next for sugarcane?
McCarthy, Cheryl, Rees, Steven and Baillie, Craig. 2010. "Machine vision-based weed spot spraying: a review and where next for sugarcane?" Bruce, R. C. (ed.) 32nd Annual Conference of the Australian Society of Sugar Cane Technologists (ASSCT 2010). Bundaberg, Australia 11 - 14 May 2010 Australia.
Strain specific differences in parameters of energy balance are related to the onset of diet-induced obesity in young male mice
Hesse, Deike, Dunn, Mark, Billingsley, John, Withers, Kerry, Klingenspor, Martin and Rozman, Jan. 2007. "Strain specific differences in parameters of energy balance are related to the onset of diet-induced obesity in young male mice." 15th European Congress on Obesity. Budapest, Hungary 22 - 25 Apr 2007 London, United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0803597
Energy usage for cotton ginning in Australia
Ismail, S. A., Chen, G., Baillie, C. and Symes, T.. 2010. "Energy usage for cotton ginning in Australia." 17th World Congress of the International Commission of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering (CIGR 2010): Sustainable Biosystems Through Engineering. Quebec City, Canada 13 - 17 Jun 2010 Quebec City, Canada.
Apparatus and infield evaluations of a prototype machine vision system for cotton plant internode length measurement
McCarthy, Cheryl, Hancock, Nigel and Raine, Steven R.. 2010. "Apparatus and infield evaluations of a prototype machine vision system for cotton plant internode length measurement." Journal of Cotton Science. 14 (4), pp. 221-232.
Precision agriculture technologies - relevance and application to sugarcane production
Davis, R. J., Baillie, Craig and Schmidt, Erik. 2009. "Precision agriculture technologies - relevance and application to sugarcane production." Banhazi, T. M. and Saunders, C. (ed.) SEAg 2009: Agricultural Technologies In a Changing Climate. Brisbane, Australia 13 - 16 Sep 2009 Brisbane, Australia.
Managing direct energy use now and in the future
Baillie, Craig Peter and Pyke, Bruce. 2010. "Managing direct energy use now and in the future." 15th Australian Cotton Conference: Fashioning the Future. Broadbeach, Qld, Australia 10 - 12 Aug 2010 Narrabri, NSW, Australia.
Applied machine vision in agriculture at the NCEA
McCarthy, Cheryl and Billingsley, John. 2009. "Applied machine vision in agriculture at the NCEA." Banhazi, T. M. and Saunders, C. (ed.) SEAg 2009: Agricultural Technologies In a Changing Climate. Brisbane, Australia 13 - 16 Sep 2009 Brisbane, Australia.
Assessment of sugarcane yield monitoring technology for precision agriculture
Jensen, T., Baillie, C., Bramley, R., Di Bella, L., Whiteing, C. and Davis, R.. 2010. "Assessment of sugarcane yield monitoring technology for precision agriculture." Bruce, R. C. (ed.) 32nd Annual Conference of the Australian Society of Sugar Cane Technologists (ASSCT 2010). Bundaberg, Australia 11 - 14 May 2010 Brisbane, Australia.
Cattle liveweight estimation using machine vision assessment of objective body measurements: first results
McCarthy, C., Billingsley, J., Finch, N., Murray, P. and Gaughan, J.. 2010. "Cattle liveweight estimation using machine vision assessment of objective body measurements: first results." 28th Biennial Australian Society of Animal Production Conference. Armidale, Australia 11 - 15 Jul 2010 Brisbane, Australia.
Energy and greenhouse gas emissions of Australian cotton: from field to fabric
Khabbaz, Borzoo Ghareei, Chen, Guangnan and Baillie, Craig. 2010. "Energy and greenhouse gas emissions of Australian cotton: from field to fabric." 17th World Congress of the International Commission of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering (CIGR 2010): Sustainable Biosystems Through Engineering. Quebec City, Canada 13 - 17 Jun 2010 Quebec, Canada.
Evaluation of energy usage for cotton ginning processes
Ismail, Siti Amni, Chen, Guangnan, Baillie, Craig and Symes, Troy. 2009. "Evaluation of energy usage for cotton ginning processes." Banhazi, T. M. and Saunders, C. (ed.) SEAg 2009: Agricultural Technologies In a Changing Climate. Brisbane, Australia 13 - 16 Sep 2009 Brisbane, Queensland.
Agricultural applications: energy uses and audits
Chen, Guangnan and Baillie, Craig. 2009. "Agricultural applications: energy uses and audits." Capehart, Barney L. (ed.) Encyclopedia of Energy Engineering and Technology. London, United Kingdom. Taylor & Francis. pp. 1-5
Behavioural mechanisms affecting energy regulation in mice prone or resistant to diet-induced obesity
Hesse, Deike, Dunn, Mark, Heldmaier, Gerhard, Klingenspor, Martin and Rozman, Jan. 2010. "Behavioural mechanisms affecting energy regulation in mice prone or resistant to diet-induced obesity." Physiology and Behavior. 99 (3), pp. 370-380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.12.001
A methodology for on farm energy assessment
Baillie, Craig Peter and Chen, Guangnan. 2009. "A methodology for on farm energy assessment." 2009 RIRDC Life Cycle Assessment Workshop. Canberra, Australia 13 May 2009 Barton, A.C.T..
Evaluating on-farm energy performance in agriculture
Chen, Guangnan, Baillie, Craig Peter and Kupke, Paul. 2009. "Evaluating on-farm energy performance in agriculture." Australian Journal of Multi-Disciplinary Engineering. 7 (1), pp. 55-62.
Automated macadamia nut orchard yield monitoring
Dunn, Mark and Billingsley, John. 2005. "Automated macadamia nut orchard yield monitoring." Billingsley, John (ed.) 12th Annual Conference on Mechatronics and Machine Vision in Practice (M2VIP 2005). Manila, Philippines 29 Nov - 01 Dec 2005 Hertfordshire, England.
A preliminary field evaluation of an automated vision-based plant geometry measurement system
McCarthy, Cheryl, Hancock, Nigel and Raine, Steven R.. 2007. "A preliminary field evaluation of an automated vision-based plant geometry measurement system." Prusinkiewicz, Przemyslaw, Hanan, Jim S. and Lane, Brendan (ed.) 5th International Workshop on Functional Structural Plant Models (FSPM07). Napier, New Zealand 04 - 09 Nov 2007
A web-based system for scheduling irrigation in sugarcane
Inman-Bamber, N. G., Attard, S. J., Verrall, S. A., Webb, W. A. and Baillie, C.. 2007. "A web-based system for scheduling irrigation in sugarcane." 2007 International Society of Sugar Cane Technologists Congress. Durban, South Africa Mauritius.
Understanding irrigation decisions: from enterprise planning to the paddock
Montagu, Kelvin, Thomas, Ben, Thomas, Geoff, Christen, Evan, Hornbuckle, John, Baillie, Craig, Linehan, Chris, Smith, Peter, Gallo, Fabian, North, Sam, Meyer, Wayne, Stirzaker, Richard and Cornish, Peter. 2006. Understanding irrigation decisions: from enterprise planning to the paddock. Canberra, Australia. Land and Water Australia.
Forecasting water allocations for Bundaberg sugarcane farmers
Everingham, Yvette, Baillie, Craig, Inman-Bamber, Geoff and Baillie, Justine. 2008. "Forecasting water allocations for Bundaberg sugarcane farmers." Climate Research. 36 (3), pp. 231-239. https://doi.org/10.3354/cr00743
Automated machine vision sensing of plant structural parameters
McCarthy, C. L., Hancock, Nigel and Raine, Steven R.. 2007. "Automated machine vision sensing of plant structural parameters." Biological Sensorics 2007: Critical Technologies for Future Biosystems. Minneapolis, Australia 15 - 17 Jun 2007 St. Joseph, MI, United States.
Reducing energy input costs and associated greenhouse gas emissions in cotton
Baillie, Craig Peter and Chen, Guangnan. 2008. "Reducing energy input costs and associated greenhouse gas emissions in cotton." 14th Australian Cotton Conference: New Beginnings – Cotton in a Climate of Change. Gold Coast, Australia 12 - 14 Aug 2008 Narrabri, NSW, Australia.
Development of a framework and tool to assess on-farm energy uses of cotton production
Chen, Guangnan and Baillie, Craig. 2009. "Development of a framework and tool to assess on-farm energy uses of cotton production." Energy Conversion and Management. 50 (5), pp. 1256-1263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2009.01.022
Robotics in agriculture and forestry
Billingsley, John, Visala, Arto and Dunn, Mark. 2008. "Robotics in agriculture and forestry." Siciliano, Bruno and Khatib, Oussama (ed.) Springer handbook of robotics. Berlin, Germany. Springer. pp. 1065-1077
The use of machine vision for assessment of fodder quality
Dunn, Mark T. and Billingsley, John. 2007. "The use of machine vision for assessment of fodder quality." Bradbeer, Robin and Ku, Kenneth (ed.) 14th Annual Conference on Mechatronics and Machine Vision In Practice (M2VIP 2007). Xiamen, China 03 - 05 Dec 2007 Hong Kong. https://doi.org/10.1109/MMVIP.2007.4430739
Evaporation, seepage and water quality management in storage dams: a review of research methods
Craig, Ian, Aravinthan, Vasantha, Baillie, Craig Peter, Beswick, Alan, Barnes, Geoff, Bradbury, Ron, Connell, Luke, Cooper, Paul, Fellows, Christopher, Fitzmaurice, Li, Foley, Joseph P., Hancock, Nigel, Lamb, David, Morrison, Pippa, Mossad, Ruth, Misra, R. K., Pittaway, Pam, Prime, Emma, Rees, Steve, ..., Turnbull, David. 2007. "Evaporation, seepage and water quality management in storage dams: a review of research methods." Environmental Health. 7 (3), pp. 84-97.
Vision based macadamia yield assessment
Billingsley, John, Dunn, Mark and Bell, David. 2006. "Vision based macadamia yield assessment." Sensor Review. 26 (4), pp. 312-317. https://doi.org/10.1108/02602280610692024
Using machine vision classification to control access of animals to water
Finch, N. A., Murray, P. J., Dunn, M. T. and Billingsley, J.. 2006. "Using machine vision classification to control access of animals to water." Animal Production Science. 46 (6-7), pp. 837-839. https://doi.org/10.1071/EA05325
Control of watering point access using machine vision classification of animals
Finch, Neal A., Murray, Peter J., Dunn, Mark T. and Billingsley, John. 2006. "Control of watering point access using machine vision classification of animals." Transactions of the Western Section of the Wildlife Society. 42, pp. 16-19.
Machine vision system for counting macadamia nuts
Dunn, Mark and Billingsley, John. 2003. "Machine vision system for counting macadamia nuts." Roberts, Jonathan and Wyeth, Gordon (ed.) 2003 Australasian Conference on Robotics and Automation (ACRA 2003). Brisbane, Australia 01 - 03 Dec 2003 Brisbane, Australia.
On-the-go machine vision sensing of cotton plant geometric parameters: first results
McCarthy, Cheryl, Hancock, Nigel and Raine, Steven R.. 2006. "On-the-go machine vision sensing of cotton plant geometric parameters: first results." Billingsley, John (ed.) 13th Annual Conference on Mechatronics and Machine Vision in Practice. (M2VIP 2006). Toowoomba, Australia 05 - 07 Dec 2006 Berlin, Heidelberg.
A preliminary evaluation of machine vision sensing of cotton nodes for automated irrigation control
McCarthy, Cheryl, Hancock, Nigel and Raine, Steven R.. 2006. "A preliminary evaluation of machine vision sensing of cotton nodes for automated irrigation control." Irrigation Australia 2006: Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference and Exhibition. Brisbane, Australia 09 - 11 May 2006 Brisbane.
Strategies for maximising sugarcane yield with limited water in the Bundaberg district
Baillie, Craig Peter. 2004. Strategies for maximising sugarcane yield with limited water in the Bundaberg district. Masters Thesis Master of Engineering. University of Southern Queensland.
Application of machine vision technology to identification of oestrous in the Julia Creek dunnart (Sminthopsis douglasi)
Bjursell, A., Dunn, M., Withers, K., Senior, G., Lundie-Jenkins, G. and Billingsley, J.. 2005. "Application of machine vision technology to identification of oestrous in the Julia Creek dunnart (Sminthopsis douglasi)." Cree, Alison (ed.) 22nd Annual Conference of the Australian and New Zealand Society for Comparative Physiology and Biochemistry (ANZSCPB 2005). Dunedin, New Zealand 09 - 11 Dec 2005 New Zealand.
Machine vision classification of animals
Dunn, Mark, Billingsley, John and Finch, Neal. 2003. "Machine vision classification of animals." Billingsley, John (ed.) 10th Annual Conference on Mechatronics and Machine Vision in Practice (MViP 2003). Perth, Australia 09 - 11 Dec 2003 Research Studies Press.
Strategies for maximizing sugarcane yield with limited water in the Bundaberg district
Baillie, Craig Peter and Raine, Steven R.. 2005. "Strategies for maximizing sugarcane yield with limited water in the Bundaberg district." Annual Australian National Committee on Irrigation and Drainage (ANCID) Conference. Mildura, Australia 23 - 26 Oct 2005 Mildura, Australia.
Unusual vision - machine vision applications at the NCEA
Billingsley, John and Dunn, Mark. 2005. "Unusual vision - machine vision applications at the NCEA." Sensor Review. 25 (3), pp. 202-208. https://doi.org/10.1108/02602280510606480