Untangling horsehair fungi in Australia: Marasmius crinis-equi (Marasmiaceae) and related taxa

Article

Guard, F.E., Dearnaley, J., May, T.W. and Lebel, T.. 2024. "Untangling horsehair fungi in Australia: Marasmius crinis-equi (Marasmiaceae) and related taxa ." Mycological Progress: international journal of fungal sciences. 23 (1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-024-01995-9
Article Title

Untangling horsehair fungi in Australia: Marasmius crinis-equi (Marasmiaceae) and related taxa

ERA Journal ID2503
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsGuard, F.E., Dearnaley, J., May, T.W. and Lebel, T.
Journal TitleMycological Progress: international journal of fungal sciences
Journal Citation23 (1)
Number of Pages27
Year2024
PublisherSpringer
Place of PublicationGermany
ISSN1617-416X
1861-8952
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-024-01995-9
Web Address (URL)https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11557-024-01995-9
Abstract

Fungi with prominent hairlike rhizomorphs, aerial habit, sparse small sporophores, and usually saprotrophic biology are commonly known as ‘horsehair or spider fungi’. The earliest descriptions of them, from the mid-late 1800s, were published from Australian material under the names Marasmius crinis-equi and M. equicrinis. For the original ‘horsehair fungus’, we review this early historical material, briefly explore the changes in the species concept over time, and investigate the nomenclatural tangle of potentially competing names. Our analysis of morphological and molecular data for over 60 collections across eastern Australia shows that material labelled as M. crinis-equi forms part of a complex of at least three closely related species and that this name has been misapplied both within Australia and internationally. An epitype is nominated for an updated concept of M. crinis-equi, and the closely related taxa, M. tropicus sp. nov. and M. kabakada sp. nov., are described. Two more distantly related Australian taxa to which the name M. crinis-equi has been misapplied, M. perumbilicatus sp. nov. and M. argillaceus sp. nov., are also described to further stabilise the concept of the authentic horsehair fungus M. crinis-equi.

KeywordsNomenclatural history; Taxonomy ; Horsehair blight; M. crinis-equi; M. equicrin; M. tropicus; M. kabakada; M. perumbilicatus; M. argillaceus; Typifcation ; 4 new taxa; 1 new typifcation
Contains Sensitive ContentDoes not contain sensitive content
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020310705. Mycology
Byline AffiliationsUniversity of Southern Queensland
Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Australia
State Herbarium of South Australia
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Beattie, Karren D., Ulrich, Rahel, Grice, I. Darren, Uddin, Shaikh, Blake, Tony B., Wood, Kyle A., Steele, Jules, Iu, Fontaine, May, Tom W. and Tiralongo, Evelin. 2011. "Ethanolic and aqueous extracts derived from Australian fungi inhibit cancer cell growth in vitro." Mycologia. 103 (3), pp. 458-465. https://doi.org/10.3852/10-121
Response of soil fungal richness and composition to Lantana camara L. infestation in the Toowoomba region, South-East Queensland, Australia
Le Brocque, Andrew F., Case, Heidi and Dearnaley, John D. W.. 2013. "Response of soil fungal richness and composition to Lantana camara L. infestation in the Toowoomba region, South-East Queensland, Australia." Australasian Mycologist. 31, pp. 17-23.
The diversity and antimicrobial activity of Preussia sp. Endophytes isolated from Australian dry rainforests
Mapperson, Rachel R., Kotiw, Michael, Davis, Rohan A. and Dearnaley, John D. W.. 2014. "The diversity and antimicrobial activity of Preussia sp. Endophytes isolated from Australian dry rainforests." Current Microbiology: an international journal. 68 (1), pp. 30-37. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-013-0415-5
Endophytic fungi associated with rainforest and non-rainforest flora in South East Queensland
Boddington, Morwenna and Dearnaley, John D. W.. 2008. "Endophytic fungi associated with rainforest and non-rainforest flora in South East Queensland." Schenk, Peer (ed.) 1st International Conference on Biotic Plant Interactions (ICBPI 2008). Brisbane, Australia 27 - 29 Mar 2008 Brisbane, Australia.
Biodiversity of fungal endophytes in semi-evergreen vine thickets
Graham, Rachel R. and Dearnaley, John D. W.. 2011. "Biodiversity of fungal endophytes in semi-evergreen vine thickets." Diamandis, Stephanos (ed.) 16th Congress of European Mycologists (CEM 2011). Halkidiki, Greece 19 - 23 Sep 2011 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Orchid mycorrhizas: molecular ecology, physiology, evolution and conservation aspects
Dearnaley, J. D. W., Martos, F. and Selosse, M. -A.. 2012. "Orchid mycorrhizas: molecular ecology, physiology, evolution and conservation aspects." Hock, Bertold (ed.) Fungal associations. Germany. Springer. pp. 207-230
The rare Australian epiphytic orchid Sarcochilus weinthalii associates with a single species of Ceratobasidium
Graham, Rachel Roseanne and Dearnaley, John David William. 2012. "The rare Australian epiphytic orchid Sarcochilus weinthalii associates with a single species of Ceratobasidium." Fungal Diversity. 54 (1), pp. 31-37. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-011-0106-0
Australian obligate mycoheterotrophic orchids and their fungal associations
Dearnaley, J. D. W., Le Brocque, A. F. and Bougoure, J. J.. 2011. "Australian obligate mycoheterotrophic orchids and their fungal associations." West, Judy (ed.) IBC 2011: 18th International Botanical Congress. Melbourne, Australia 23 - 30 Jul 2011 Melbourne, Australia.
Morphological and molecular identification of fungal endophytes from roots of dendrobium speciosum
Boddington, M. and Dearnaley, J. D. W.. 2008. "Morphological and molecular identification of fungal endophytes from roots of dendrobium speciosum." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland. 114, pp. 13-17.
Further advances in orchid mycorrhizal research
Dearnaley, John D. W.. 2007. "Further advances in orchid mycorrhizal research." Mycorrhiza. 17 (6), pp. 475-486. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-007-0138-1
Pterostylis nutans (Orchidaceae) has a specific association with two ceratobasidium root-associated fungi across its range in eastern Australia
Irwin, Mathew John, Bougoure, Jeremy James and Dearnaley, John David William. 2007. "Pterostylis nutans (Orchidaceae) has a specific association with two ceratobasidium root-associated fungi across its range in eastern Australia." Mycoscience. 48, pp. 231-239. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10267-007-0360-x
Recent studies of the biology of the yellow hyacinth orchid - Dipodium Hamiltonianum
Dearnaley, John. 2006. "Recent studies of the biology of the yellow hyacinth orchid - Dipodium Hamiltonianum." The Orchadian. 15 (3), pp. 129-130.
Expression of a polygalacturonase enzyme in germinating pollen of Brassica napus
Dearnaley, John and Daggard, Grant. 2001. "Expression of a polygalacturonase enzyme in germinating pollen of Brassica napus." Sexual Plant Reproduction. 13 (5), pp. 265-271. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004970000062
Molecular identification of the primary root fungal endophytes of Dipodium hamiltonianum (Orchidaceae)
Dearnaley, John and Le Brocque, Andrew F.. 2006. "Molecular identification of the primary root fungal endophytes of Dipodium hamiltonianum (Orchidaceae)." Australian Journal of Botany. 54 (5), pp. 487-491. https://doi.org/10.1071/BT05149
Isotopic and molecular evidence for saprotrophic Marasmiaceae mycobionts in rhizomes of Gastrodia sesamoides
Dearnaley, John D. W. and Bougoure, Jeremy J.. 2010. "Isotopic and molecular evidence for saprotrophic Marasmiaceae mycobionts in rhizomes of Gastrodia sesamoides." Fungal Ecology. 3 (4), pp. 288-294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funeco.2009.11.003
Caelestines A-D, Brominated Quinolinecarboxylic Acids from the Australian Ascidian Aplidium caelestis
Yin, Sheng, Boyle, Glen M., Carroll, Anthony R., Kotiw, Michael, Dearnaley, John, Quinn, Ronald J. and Davis, Rohan A.. 2010. "Caelestines A-D, Brominated Quinolinecarboxylic Acids from the Australian Ascidian Aplidium caelestis." Journal of Natural Products. 73 (9), pp. 1586-1589. https://doi.org/10.1021/np100329w
Phosphate transporter expression in the soybean AM symbiosis
Dearnaley, John, Learmonth, Barbara A. and Bougoure, Damian S.. 2002. "Phosphate transporter expression in the soybean AM symbiosis." 7th International Mycological Congress (IMC7). Oslo, Norway 11 - 17 Aug 2002 Australia.
Orchid mycorrhizas - a disproportionate focus on the minutiae?
Dearnaley, John. 2010. "Orchid mycorrhizas - a disproportionate focus on the minutiae?" 2010 Joint Australasian Mycological Society and the Australian Society for Mycrobiology Meeting. Sydney, Australia 04 - 08 Jul 2010
Molecular identification of mycorrhizal fungi in Australian threatened plant species
Dearnaley, John D. W., Downie, Alex F., Murray, Andrew J. and Le Brocque, Andrew F.. 2008. "Molecular identification of mycorrhizal fungi in Australian threatened plant species." Schenk, Peer (ed.) 1st International Conference on Biotic Plant Interactions (ICBPI 2008). Brisbane, Australia 27 - 29 Mar 2008 Brisbane, Australia.
Molecular identification of a mycorrhizal Sebacinaceae from the endangered Caladenia atroclavia (black clubbed spider orchid)
Dearnaley, J. D. W., Murray, A. J. and Mathieson, M. T.. 2009. "Molecular identification of a mycorrhizal Sebacinaceae from the endangered Caladenia atroclavia (black clubbed spider orchid)." Australasian Mycologist. 28 (2-3), pp. 45-50.
Defence gene expression in single mycorrhizal roots of soybean
Dearnaley, John and Learmonth, Barbara A.. 2003. "Defence gene expression in single mycorrhizal roots of soybean." 4th International Conference on Mycorrhizae (ICOM4) . Montreal, Canada 10 - 15 Aug 2003 Québec, Canada.
The mycorrhizal fungal associations of the vunerable Sophora fraseri (Fabaceae)
Downie, A. F., Le Brocque, A. F. and Dearnaley, J. D. W.. 2008. "The mycorrhizal fungal associations of the vunerable Sophora fraseri (Fabaceae)." Australasian Mycologist. 27 (2), pp. 57-65.
Lantana invades the soil too! Effects of Lantana camara on soil fungal dominance
Case, Heidi, Dearnaley, John and Le Brocque, Andrew F.. 2008. "Lantana invades the soil too! Effects of Lantana camara on soil fungal dominance." 2008 Conference of the Ecological Society of Australia (ESA 2008). Sydney, Australia 01 - 05 Dec 2008 Australia. Ecological Society of Australia.
Endophytic fungi associated with Australian orchids
Dearnaley, John and Le Brocque, Andrew F.. 2006. "Endophytic fungi associated with Australian orchids." Australasian Plant Conservation: Bulletin of the Australian Network for Plant Conservation. 15 (2), pp. 7-9.
Molecular identification of fungal endophytes in Australian myco-heterotrophic orchids
Dearnaley, John. 2006. "Molecular identification of fungal endophytes in Australian myco-heterotrophic orchids." Meyer, Wieland (ed.) 8th International Mycological Congress (IMC8). Cairns, Australia 20 - 25 Aug 2006 Australia.
Fungal endophytes in Australian myco-heterotrophic orchids
Dearnaley, John. 2006. "Fungal endophytes in Australian myco-heterotrophic orchids." Meyer, Wieland (ed.) 8th International Mycological Congress (IMC8). Cairns, Australia 20 - 25 Aug 2006 Australia.
The fungal endophytes of erythrorchis cassythoides - is this orchid saprophytic or parasitic?
Dearnaley, John. 2006. "The fungal endophytes of erythrorchis cassythoides - is this orchid saprophytic or parasitic?" Australasian Mycologist. 25 (2), pp. 51-57.
The fungal endophytes of dipodium variegatum (orchidaceae)
Bougoure, Jeremy J. and Dearnaley, John. 2005. "The fungal endophytes of dipodium variegatum (orchidaceae)." Australasian Mycologist. 24 (1), pp. 15-19.
ITS-RFLP and sequence analysis of endophytes from Acianthus, Caladenia and Pterostylis (orchidaceae) in southeastern Queensland
Bougoure, Jeremy J., Bougoure, Damian S., Cairney, John W. G. and Dearnaley, John D. W.. 2005. "ITS-RFLP and sequence analysis of endophytes from Acianthus, Caladenia and Pterostylis (orchidaceae) in southeastern Queensland." Mycological Research. 109 (4), pp. 452-460. https://doi.org/10.1017/S095375620500225X