The Fungus Among Us: Innovations and Applications of Mycelium-Based Composites
Article
Parhizi, Zahra, Dearnaley, John, Kauter, Kate, Mikkelsen, Deirdre, Pal, Priya, Shelley, Tristan and Burey, Polly. 2025. "The Fungus Among Us: Innovations and Applications of Mycelium-Based Composites." Journal of Fungi. 11 (8). https://doi.org/10.3390/jof11080549
| Article Title | The Fungus Among Us: Innovations and Applications of Mycelium-Based Composites |
|---|---|
| ERA Journal ID | 213247 |
| Article Category | Article |
| Authors | Parhizi, Zahra, Dearnaley, John, Kauter, Kate, Mikkelsen, Deirdre, Pal, Priya, Shelley, Tristan and Burey, Polly |
| Journal Title | Journal of Fungi |
| Journal Citation | 11 (8) |
| Article Number | 549 |
| Number of Pages | 36 |
| Year | 2025 |
| Publisher | MDPI AG |
| Place of Publication | Switzerland |
| ISSN | 2309-608X |
| Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.3390/jof11080549 |
| Web Address (URL) | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/11/8/549 |
| Abstract | Mycelium-based composites (MBCs) are an emerging category of cost-effective and environmentally sustainable materials that are attracting significant research and commercial interest across various industries, including construction, manufacturing, agriculture, and biomedicine. These materials harness the natural growth of fungi as a low-energy bio-fabrication method, converting abundant agricultural by-products and waste into sustainable alternatives to energy-intensive synthetic construction materials. Their affordability and eco-friendly characteristics make them attractive for both research and commercialisation. Currently, mycelium-based foams and sandwich composites are being actively developed for applications in construction. These materials offer exceptional thermal insulation, excellent acoustic absorption, and superior fire safety compared to conventional building materials like synthetic foams and engineered wood. As a result, MBCs show great potential for applications in thermal and acoustic insulation. However, their foam-like mechanical properties, high water absorption, and limited documentation of material properties restrict their use to non- or semi-structural roles, such as insulation, panelling, and furniture. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the fabrication process and the factors affecting the production and performance properties of MBCs. It addresses key elements such as fungal species selection, substrate choice, optimal growth conditions, dehydration methods, post-processing techniques, mechanical and physical properties, termite resistance, cost comparison, and life cycle assessment. |
| Keywords | MBC; fungal mycelium; biocomposite; sustainability; waste stream |
| Contains Sensitive Content | Does not contain sensitive content |
| ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 401699. Materials engineering not elsewhere classified |
| 419999. Other environmental sciences not elsewhere classified | |
| Byline Affiliations | Centre for Future Materials |
| School of Agriculture and Environmental Science | |
| School of Health and Medical Sciences | |
| University of Queensland |
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