Fibre waviness characterisation and modelling by Filtered Canny Misalignment Analysis (FCMA)
Article
Alajarmeh, Omar, Qi, Songming, Shelley, Tristan, Schubel, Peter, Rendle-Short, Kendric and Zeng, Xuesen. 2023. "Fibre waviness characterisation and modelling by Filtered Canny Misalignment Analysis (FCMA)." Composite Structures. 307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2023.116666
| Article Title | Fibre waviness characterisation and modelling by Filtered Canny Misalignment Analysis (FCMA) |
|---|---|
| ERA Journal ID | 3731 |
| Article Category | Article |
| Authors | Alajarmeh, Omar, Qi, Songming, Shelley, Tristan, Schubel, Peter, Rendle-Short, Kendric and Zeng, Xuesen |
| Journal Title | Composite Structures |
| Journal Citation | 307 |
| Article Number | 116666 |
| Number of Pages | 11 |
| Year | 2023 |
| Publisher | Elsevier |
| Place of Publication | United Kingdom |
| ISSN | 0263-8223 |
| 1879-1085 | |
| Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2023.116666 |
| Web Address (URL) | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0263822323000107 |
| Abstract | Accurate and cost-effective full-scale measurement of fibre waviness and misalignment in continuous fibre-reinforced composite structures remains a challenge. This study proposes a novel approach of Filtered Canny Misalignment Analysis (FCMA) to capture and quantify in-plane and out-of-plane fibre waviness. The FCMA method measures fibre misalignment from the microscope and Charge Couple Device scan images by a Canny edge detector and a Canny edge filter to effectively identify the true fibre path. The method is systematically evaluated and benchmarked with the existing High Resolution Misalignment Analysis (HRMA) method. The results show that the FCMA method is more robust, efficient, and precise for fibre waviness measurements. The fibre misalignment in selected hollow composite columns is quantified by the FCMA method. The in-plane waviness distribution is used as a material orientation input to a verified finite element model. This simulation demonstrates the effect of fibre waviness on stress distribution for a hollow composite column under axial compression. The FCMA method code is supplied as supplementary material to this paper. |
| Keywords | Fibres, Defects, Optical microscopy, Pultrusion, Fibre orientation |
| Related Output | |
| Is part of | Effect of fibre distribution on structural behaviour of pultruded composite profiles |
| Article Publishing Charge (APC) Funding | Other |
| Contains Sensitive Content | Does not contain sensitive content |
| ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 400510. Structural engineering |
| Public Notes | This article is part of a UniSQ Thesis by publication. See Related Output. |
| Byline Affiliations | Centre for Future Materials |
| Wagners Composite Fibre Technologies, Australia |
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Alhawamdeh, Mohammad, Alajarmeh, Omar, Aravinthan, Thiru, Shelley, Tristan, Schubel, Peter, Kemp, Michael and Zeng, Xuesen. 2021. "Modelling hollow pultruded FRP profiles under axial compression: Local buckling and progressive failure." Composite Structures. 262, pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2021.113650Tensile Fatigue Behavior of Polyester and Vinyl Ester Based GFRP Laminates—A Comparative Evaluation
Ferdous, Wahid, Manalo, Allan, Yu, Peng, Salih, Choman, Abousnina, Rajab, Heyer, Tom and Schubel, Peter. 2021. "Tensile Fatigue Behavior of Polyester and Vinyl Ester Based GFRP Laminates—A Comparative Evaluation." Polymers. 13 (3), pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13030386Behaviour of continuous fibre composite sandwich core under low-velocity impact
Zangana, Sartip, Epaarachchi, Jayantha, Ferdous, Wahid, Leng, Jinsong and Schubel, Peter. 2021. "Behaviour of continuous fibre composite sandwich core under low-velocity impact." Thin-Walled Structures. 158, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2020.107157Manufacturing and structural performance of glass-fiber-reinforced precast-concrete boat ramp planks
Manalo, A.C., Alajarmeh, O., Cooper, D., Sorbello, C. D., Weerakoon, S. Z. and Benmokrane, B.. 2020. "Manufacturing and structural performance of glass-fiber-reinforced precast-concrete boat ramp planks." Structures. 28, pp. 37-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2020.08.041Self-healing polymers: Synthesis methods and applications
Reddy, Kakarla Raghava, El-Zein, Abbas, Airey, David W., Alonso-Marroquin, Fernando, Schubel, Peter and Manalo, Allan. 2020. "Self-healing polymers: Synthesis methods and applications." Nano-Structures and Nano-Objects. 23, pp. 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoso.2020.100500Comparative durability of GFRP composite reinforcing bars in concrete and in simulated concrete environments
Manalo, Allan, Maranan, Ginghis, Benmokrane, Brahim, Cousin, Patrice, Alajarmeh, Omar, Ferdous, Wahid, Liang, Ray and Hota, Gangarao. 2021. "Comparative durability of GFRP composite reinforcing bars in concrete and in simulated concrete environments." Cement and Concrete Composites. 109, pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2020.103564Static behaviour of glass fibre reinforced novel composite sleepers for mainline railway track
Ferdous, Wahid, Manalo, Allan, Alajarmeh, Omar, Mohammed, Ali A., Salih, Choman, Yu, Peng, Mehrinejad Khotbehsara, Mojdeh and Schubel, Peter. 2021. "Static behaviour of glass fibre reinforced novel composite sleepers for mainline railway track." Engineering Structures. 229, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.111627Design considerations for prefabricated composite jackets for structural repair: Parametric investigation and case study
Mohammed, Ali A., Manalo, Allan, Ferdous, Wahid, Abousnina, Rajab, Alajarmeh, Omar, Vijay, P.V. and Benmokrane, Brahim. 2021. "Design considerations for prefabricated composite jackets for structural repair: Parametric investigation and case study." Composite Structures. 261, pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.113288Axial Behaviour of Damaged Concrete Columns Repaired with Novel Prefabricate FRP Jacket
Mohammed, Ali A., Manalo, Allan C., Alajarmeh, Omar, Zhuge, Yan and Pettigrew, John. 2021. "Axial Behaviour of Damaged Concrete Columns Repaired with Novel Prefabricate FRP Jacket." 10th International Conference on FRP Composites in Civil Engineering (CICE 2020/2021). Istanbul, Turkey 08 - 10 Dec 2021 Switzerland. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88166-5_47Through-thickness permeability of woven fabric under increasing air pressure: theoretical framework and simulation
Xiao, Xueliang, Long, Andrew, Qian, Kun, Zeng, Xuesen and Hua, Tao. 2017. "Through-thickness permeability of woven fabric under increasing air pressure: theoretical framework and simulation." Textile Research Journal. 87 (13), pp. 1631-1642. https://doi.org/10.1177/0040517516657062Influence of Graphene Nanoplatelets on Mechanical Properties and Adhesive Wear Performance of Epoxy-Based Composites
Eayal Awwad, K. Y., Yousif, B. F., Fallahnezhad, Khosro, Saleh, Khalid and Zeng, Xuesen. 2021. "Influence of Graphene Nanoplatelets on Mechanical Properties and Adhesive Wear Performance of Epoxy-Based Composites." Friction. 9 (4), pp. 856-875. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-020-0453-5Compressive behavior of hollow concrete columns reinforced with GFRP bars
Alajarmeh, Omar Saleh Awad. 2020. Compressive behavior of hollow concrete columns reinforced with GFRP bars. PhD Thesis Doctor of Philosophy. University of Southern Queensland. https://doi.org/10.26192/21yk-ne68Modelling squeeze flow of viscous polymer melts
Shelley, Tristan, Liu, Xiaolin, Viedt, Martin, Heitzmann, Michael and Paton, Rowan. 2014. "Modelling squeeze flow of viscous polymer melts." Oñate, E., Oliver, J. and Huerta, A. (ed.) 11th World Congress on Computational Mechanics (WCCM XI), 5th European Conference on Computational Mechanics (ECCM V), 6th European Conference on Computational Fluid Dynamics (ECFD VI). Barcelona, Spain 20 - 25 Jul 2014A study on rapid forming of aerospace stiffeners
Shelley, Tristan J,, Dickinson, Calum P. M., Tew, Hannah and Scaife, Richard J.. 2018. "A study on rapid forming of aerospace stiffeners." SAMPE Europe - Conference Southamphon 2018. Southampton, United Kingdom 11 - 13 Sep 2018 United Kingdom.Effect of fibre architecture on tensile pull-off behaviour of 3D woven composite T-joints
Yan, Shibo, Zeng, Xuesen and Long, Andrew. 2020. "Effect of fibre architecture on tensile pull-off behaviour of 3D woven composite T-joints." Composite Structures. 242, pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.112194A New Design-Oriented Model of Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Reinforced Hollow Concrete Columns
Alajarmeh, O. S., Manalo, A. C., Benmokrane, B., Karunasena, W., Ferdous, W. and Mendis, P.. 2020. "A New Design-Oriented Model of Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Reinforced Hollow Concrete Columns." ACI Structural Journal. 117 (2), pp. 141-156. https://doi.org/10.14359/51720204Behavior of circular concrete columns reinforced with hollow composite sections and GFRP bars
Alajarmeh, Omar, Manalo, Allan, Benmokrane, Brahim, Ferdous, Wahid, Mohammed, Ali, Abousnina, Rajab, Elchalakani, Mohamed and Edoo, Azam. 2020. "Behavior of circular concrete columns reinforced with hollow composite sections and GFRP bars." Marine Structures. 72, pp. 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2020.102785Testing and modelling the fatigue behaviour of GFRP composites – Effect of stress level, stress concentration and frequency
Ferdous, Wahid, Manalo, Allan, Peauril, Joshua, Salih, Choman, Reddy, Kakarla Raghava, Yu, Peng, Schubel, Peter and Heyer, Tom. 2020. "Testing and modelling the fatigue behaviour of GFRP composites – Effect of stress level, stress concentration and frequency." Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal. 23 (5), pp. 1223-1232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jestch.2020.01.001Flexural behaviour of concrete slabs reinforced with GFRP bars and hollow composite reinforcing systems
Al-Rubaye, Mohammed, Manalo, Allan, Alajarmeh, Omar, Ferdous, Wahid, Lokuge, Weena, Benmokrane, Brahim and Edoo, Azam. 2020. "Flexural behaviour of concrete slabs reinforced with GFRP bars and hollow composite reinforcing systems." Composite Structures. 236, pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2019.111836
Composites for alternative railway sleepers
Ferdous, W., Manalo, A., Muttashar, M., Yu, P., Kakarla, R., Salih, C. and Schubel, P.. 2020. "Composites for alternative railway sleepers." 16th East Asian-Pacific Conference on Structural Engineering and Construction. Brisbane, Australia 04 - 06 Dec 2019 Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8079-6_26Hollow concrete columns: review of structural behavior and new designs using GFRP reinforcement
Alajarmeh, O. S., Manalo, A. C., Benmokrane, B., Karunasena, K., Ferdous, W. and Mendis, P.. 2020. "Hollow concrete columns: review of structural behavior and new designs using GFRP reinforcement." Engineering Structures. 203, pp. 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.109829Novel testing and characterization of GFRP bars in compression
Alajarmeh, O. S., Manalo, A. C., Benmokrane, B., Vijay, P. V., Ferdous, W. and Mendis, P.. 2019. "Novel testing and characterization of GFRP bars in compression." Construction and Building Materials. 225, pp. 1112-1126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.07.280Effect of spiral spacing and concrete strength on behavior of GFRP-reinforced hollow concrete columns
Alajarmeh, Omar S., Manalo, Allan C., Benmokrane, Brahim, Karunasena, Warna and Mendis, Priyan. 2020. "Effect of spiral spacing and concrete strength on behavior of GFRP-reinforced hollow concrete columns." Journal of Composites for Construction. 24 (1), pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000987Optimal design for epoxy polymer concrete based on mechanical properties and durability aspects
Ferdous, Wahid, Manalo, Allan, Wong, Hong S., Abousnina, Rajab, Alajarmeh, Omar S., Zhuge, Yan and Schubel, Peter. 2020. "Optimal design for epoxy polymer concrete based on mechanical properties and durability aspects." Construction and Building Materials. 232, pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117229Axial performance of hollow concrete columns reinforced with GFRP composite bars with different reinforcement ratios
Alajarmeh, Omar S., Manalo, Allan C., Benmokrane, Brahim, Karunasena, Warna and Mendis, Priyan. 2019. "Axial performance of hollow concrete columns reinforced with GFRP composite bars with different reinforcement ratios." Composite Structures. 213 (1), pp. 153-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2019.01.096Compressive behavior of axially loaded circular hollow concrete columns reinforced with GFRP bars and spirals
Alajarmeh, O. S., Manalo, A. C., Benmokrane, B., Karunasena, W., Mendis, P. and Nguyen, K. T. Q.. 2019. "Compressive behavior of axially loaded circular hollow concrete columns reinforced with GFRP bars and spirals." Construction and Building Materials. 194, pp. 12-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.11.016Meso-scale modelling of 3D woven composite T-joints with weave variations
Yan, Shibo, Zeng, Xuesen and Long, Andrew. 2019. "Meso-scale modelling of 3D woven composite T-joints with weave variations." Composites Science and Technology. 171, pp. 171-179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2018.12.024Modelling heat transfer through an FBG optical fibre
Schubel, P., Umer, R. and Boateng, E. K. G.. 2018. "Modelling heat transfer through an FBG optical fibre." Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing. 109, pp. 184-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2018.02.031Modelling compaction variability in out-of-autoclave prepreg laminate
Bontch-Osmolovskaia, Daria, Zeng, Xuesen, Callus, Paul, Rider, Andrew, Chang, Paul and Schubel, Peter. 2019. "Modelling compaction variability in out-of-autoclave prepreg laminate." 22nd International Conference on Composite Materials (ICCM-22). Melbourne, Australia 11 - 16 Aug 2019 Australia.CRC-P Next Generation Pultrusion Processes
Schubel, Peter, Zeng, Xuesen, Shelley, Tristan and Alajarmeh, Omar. 2019. CRC-P Next Generation Pultrusion Processes. Toowoomba. https://doi.org/10.26192/3a7c-va16Experimental assessment of the mechanical behaviour of 3D woven composite T-joints
Yan, Shibo, Zeng, Xuesen and Long, Andrew. 2018. "Experimental assessment of the mechanical behaviour of 3D woven composite T-joints." Composites Part B: Engineering. 154, pp. 108-113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.08.007Three-dimensional woven carbon fibre polymer composite beams and plates under ballistic impact
Turner, Paul, Liu, Tao, Zeng, Xuesen and Brown, Kevin. 2018. "Three-dimensional woven carbon fibre polymer composite beams and plates under ballistic impact." Composite Structures. 185, pp. 483-495. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2017.10.091Effect of yarn cross-sectional shape on resin flow through inter-yarn gaps in textile reinforcements
Endruweit, A., Zeng, X., Matveev, M. and Long, A. C.. 2018. "Effect of yarn cross-sectional shape on resin flow through inter-yarn gaps in textile reinforcements." Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing. 104, pp. 139-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2017.10.020Geometric modeling of 3D woven preforms in composite T-joints
Yan, Shibo, Zeng, Xuesen, Brown, Louise and Long, Andrew. 2018. "Geometric modeling of 3D woven preforms in composite T-joints." Textile Research Journal. 88 (16), pp. 1862-1875. https://doi.org/10.1177/0040517517712098Effect of specimen history on structure and in-plane permeability of woven fabrics
Zeng, X., Endruweit, A. and Long, A. C.. 2015. "Effect of specimen history on structure and in-plane permeability of woven fabrics." Journal of Composite Materials. 49 (13), pp. 1563-1578. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998314536070Modelling VARTM process induced variations on bending performance of composite Omega beams
Zeng, Xuesen, Schubel, Peter and Lorrillard, Julien. 2016. "Modelling VARTM process induced variations on bending performance of composite Omega beams." Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing. 90, pp. 371-379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2016.08.004Collapse of 3D orthogonal woven carbon fibre composites under in-plane tension/compression and out-of-plane bending
Turner, P., Liu, T. and Zeng, X.. 2016. "Collapse of 3D orthogonal woven carbon fibre composites under in-plane tension/compression and out-of-plane bending." Composite Structures. 142, pp. 286-297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2016.01.100An analytical model for through-thickness permeability of woven fabric
Xiao, Xueliang, Zeng, Xuesen, Long, Andrew, Lin, Hua, Clifford, Michael and Saldaeva, Elena. 2012. "An analytical model for through-thickness permeability of woven fabric." Textile Research Journal. 82 (5), pp. 492-501. https://doi.org/10.1177/0040517511414979Experimental study of dynamic air permeability for woven fabrics
Xiao, Xueliang, Zeng, Xuesen, Bandara, Palitha and Long, Andrew. 2012. "Experimental study of dynamic air permeability for woven fabrics." Textile Research Journal. 82 (9), pp. 920-930. https://doi.org/10.1177/0040517511429605Through-thickness permeability modelling of woven fabric under out-of-plane deformation
Xiao, Xueliang, Long, Andrew and Zeng, Xuesen. 2014. "Through-thickness permeability modelling of woven fabric under out-of-plane deformation." Journal of Materials Science. 49 (21), pp. 7563-7574. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-014-8465-zGeometrical modelling of 3D woven reinforcements for polymer composites: prediction of fabric permeability and composite mechanical properties
Zeng, Xuesen, Brown, Louise P., Endruweit, Andreas, Matveev, Mikhail and Long, Andrew C.. 2014. "Geometrical modelling of 3D woven reinforcements for polymer composites: prediction of fabric permeability and composite mechanical properties." Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing. 56, pp. 150-160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2013.10.004Through-thickness air permeability of woven fabric under low pressure compression
Xiao, Xueliang, Hu, Jinlian, Hua, Tao, Zeng, Xuesen and Long, Andrew. 2015. "Through-thickness air permeability of woven fabric under low pressure compression." Textile Research Journal. 85 (16), pp. 1732-1742. https://doi.org/10.1177/0040517515569526Through-thickness permeability study of orthogonal and angle-interlock woven fabrics
Xiao, Xueliang, Endruweit, Andreas, Zeng, Xuesen, Hu, Jinlian and Long, Andrew. 2015. "Through-thickness permeability study of orthogonal and angle-interlock woven fabrics." Journal of Materials Science. 50 (3), pp. 1257-1266. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-014-8683-4Assessing the effect of fibre extraction processes on the strength of flax fibre reinforcement
Zeng, Xuesen, Mooney, Sacha J. and Sturrock, Craig J.. 2015. "Assessing the effect of fibre extraction processes on the strength of flax fibre reinforcement." Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing. 70, pp. 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2014.12.004Numerical prediction of in-plane permeability for multilayer woven fabrics with manufacture-induced deformation
Zeng, Xuesen, Endruweit, Andreas, Brown, Louise P. and Long, Andrew C.. 2015. "Numerical prediction of in-plane permeability for multilayer woven fabrics with manufacture-induced deformation." Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing. 77, pp. 266-274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2015.03.027Dynamic response of orthogonal three-dimensional woven carbon composite beams under soft impact
Turner, P., Liu, T. and Zeng, X.. 2015. "Dynamic response of orthogonal three-dimensional woven carbon composite beams under soft impact." Journal of Applied Mechanics. 82 (12). https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4031455Transverse permeability of dry fiber preforms manufactured by automated fiber placement
Aziz, A. R., Ali, M. A., Zeng, X., Umer, R., Schubel, P. and Cantwell, W. J.. 2017. "Transverse permeability of dry fiber preforms manufactured by automated fiber placement." Composites Science and Technology. 152, pp. 57-67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2017.09.011Cost analysis in using non-crimp fabric composites in engineering applications
Schubel, P.. 2011. "Cost analysis in using non-crimp fabric composites in engineering applications." Lomov, Stepan (ed.) Non-crimp fabric composites: manufacturing, properties and applications. United Kingdom. Woodhead Publishing Limited. pp. 494-510Can flax replace E-glass in small wind turbine blades?
Shah, Darshil U. and Schubel, Peter J.. 2013. "Can flax replace E-glass in small wind turbine blades?" JEC Composites Magazine. 50 (78), pp. 34-37.Automated geometric modelling of textile structures
Lin, Hua, Zeng, Xuesen, Sherburn, Martin, Long, Andrew C. and Clifford, Mike J.. 2011. "Automated geometric modelling of textile structures." Textile Research Journal. 82 (16), pp. 1689-1702. https://doi.org/10.1177/0040517511418562Influence of boundary conditions on the ballistic performance of high-strength fabric targets
Zeng, X. S., Shim, V. P. W. and Tan, V. B. C.. 2006. "Influence of boundary conditions on the ballistic performance of high-strength fabric targets ." International Journal of Impact Engineering. 2 (1-4), pp. 631-642. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2005.06.011Modelling inter-yarn friction in woven fabric armour
Zeng, X. S., Tan, V. B. C. and Shim, V. P. W.. 2006. "Modelling inter-yarn friction in woven fabric armour." International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering. 66 (8), pp. 1309-1330. https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.1596Multiscale modeling of polymers – the pseudo amorphous cell
Tan, V. B. C., Zeng, X. S., Deng, M., Lim, K. M. and Tay, T. E.. 2008. "Multiscale modeling of polymers – the pseudo amorphous cell." Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering. 197 (6-8), pp. 536-554. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2007.08.006Multiscale modeling of combined deterministic and stochastic fabric non-uniformity for realistic resin injection simulation
Endruweit, A., Zeng, X. and Long, A. C .. 2014. "Multiscale modeling of combined deterministic and stochastic fabric non-uniformity for realistic resin injection simulation ." Advanced Manufacturing: Polymer & Composites Science. 1 (1), pp. 3-15. https://doi.org/10.1179/2055035914Y.0000000002Advanced geometry modelling for 3D woven fabrics in composites processing and performance analysis
Zeng, Xuesen, Brown, Louise P., Endruweit, Andreas, Matveev, Mikhail and Long, Andrew C.. 2013. "Advanced geometry modelling for 3D woven fabrics in composites processing and performance analysis." JEC Composites Magazine. 50 (82), pp. 55-60.Large deformation modelling of tight woven fabric under high air pressure
Xiao, Xueliang, Long, Andrew, Lin, Hua and Zeng, Xuesen. 2015. "Large deformation modelling of tight woven fabric under high air pressure." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics. 10 (1), pp. 63-74.A cost and performance comparison of LRTM and VI for the manufacture of large scale wind turbine blades
Hutchinson, J. R., Schubel, P. J. and Warrior, N. A.. 2011. "A cost and performance comparison of LRTM and VI for the manufacture of large scale wind turbine blades." Renewable Energy. 36 (2), pp. 866-871. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2010.07.025The experimental determination of prepreg tack and dynamic stiffness
Crossley, R. J., Schubel, P. J. and Warrior, N. A.. 2012. "The experimental determination of prepreg tack and dynamic stiffness." Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing. 43 (3), pp. 423-434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2011.10.014Cost modelling in polymer composite applications: case study – analysis of existing and automated manufacturing processes for a large wind turbine blade
Schubel, P. J.. 2012. "Cost modelling in polymer composite applications: case study – analysis of existing and automated manufacturing processes for a large wind turbine blade." Composites Part B: Engineering. 43 (3), pp. 953-960. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2011.11.036Hydroxyethylcellulose surface treatment of natural fibres: the new 'twist' in yarn preparation and optimization for composites applicability
Shah, Darshil U., Schubel, Peter J., Licence, Peter and Clifford, Mike J.. 2012. "Hydroxyethylcellulose surface treatment of natural fibres: the new 'twist' in yarn preparation and optimization for composites applicability." Journal of Materials Science. 47 (6), pp. 2700-2711. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-011-6096-1Modelling the effect of yarn twist on the tensile strength of unidirectional plant fibre yarn composites
Shah, Darshil U., Schubel, Peter J. and Clifford, Mike J.. 2012. "Modelling the effect of yarn twist on the tensile strength of unidirectional plant fibre yarn composites." Journal of Composite Materials. 47 (4), pp. 425-436. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998312440737Determining the minimum, critical and maximum fibre content for twisted yarn reinforced plant fibre composites
Shah, Darshil U., Schubel, Peter J., Licence, Peter and Clifford, Mike J.. 2012. "Determining the minimum, critical and maximum fibre content for twisted yarn reinforced plant fibre composites." Composites Science and Technology. 72 (15), pp. 1909-1917. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2012.08.005Fatigue life evaluation of aligned plant fibre composites through S-N curves and constant-life diagrams
Shah, Darshil U., Schubel, Peter J., Clifford, Mike J. and Licence, Peter. 2013. "Fatigue life evaluation of aligned plant fibre composites through S-N curves and constant-life diagrams." Composites Science and Technology. 74, pp. 139-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2012.10.015Wind turbine blade design review
Schubel, P. J. and Crossley, R. J.. 2012. "Wind turbine blade design review." Wind Engineering. 36 (4), pp. 365-388. https://doi.org/10.1260/0309-524X.36.4.365Wind turbine blade design
Schubel, P. J. and Crossley, R. J.. 2012. "Wind turbine blade design." Energies. 5 (9), pp. 3425-3449. https://doi.org/10.3390/en5093425Review of structural health and cure monitoring techniques for large wind turbine blades
Schubel, P. J., Crossley, R. J., Boateng, E. K. G. and Hutchinson, J. R.. 2013. "Review of structural health and cure monitoring techniques for large wind turbine blades." Renewable Energy. 51, pp. 113-123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2012.08.072Can flax replace E-glass in structural composites? A small wind turbine blade case study
Shah, Darshil U., Schubel, Peter J. and Clifford, Mike J.. 2013. "Can flax replace E-glass in structural composites? A small wind turbine blade case study." Composites Part B: Engineering. 52, pp. 172-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2013.04.027Mechanical property characterization of aligned plant yarn reinforced thermoset matrix composites manufactured via vacuum infusion
Shah, Darshil U., Schubel, Peter J., Clifford, Mike J. and Licence, Peter. 2014. "Mechanical property characterization of aligned plant yarn reinforced thermoset matrix composites manufactured via vacuum infusion." Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering. 53 (3), pp. 239-253. https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2013.843710Experimental determination and control of prepreg tack for automated manufacture
Crossley, R. J., Schubel, P. J. and Warrior, N. A.. 2011. "Experimental determination and control of prepreg tack for automated manufacture." Plastics Rubber and Composites. 40 (6-7), pp. 363-368. https://doi.org/10.1179/174328910X12777566997810The tensile behaviour of off-axis plant fibre composites: an insight on the non-linear stress-strain response
Shah, Darshil U., Schubel, Peter J., Clifford, Mike J. and Licence, Peter. 2012. "The tensile behaviour of off-axis plant fibre composites: an insight on the non-linear stress-strain response." Polymer Composites. 33 (9), pp. 1494-1504. https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.22279Time-temperature equivalence in the tack and dynamic stiffness of polymer prepreg and its application to automated composites manufacturing
Crossley, R. J., Schubel, P. J. and De Focatiis, D. S. A.. 2013. "Time-temperature equivalence in the tack and dynamic stiffness of polymer prepreg and its application to automated composites manufacturing." Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing. 52, pp. 126-133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2013.05.002A coupled structural and flow approach for numerical simulation of the light resin transfer moulding process. II: Fabric permeability and compaction characterisation, model results and a 6-kW wind turbine case study
Hutchinson, J. R. and Schubel, P. J.. 2014. "A coupled structural and flow approach for numerical simulation of the light resin transfer moulding process. II: Fabric permeability and compaction characterisation, model results and a 6-kW wind turbine case study." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites. 33 (13), pp. 1237-1257. https://doi.org/10.1177/0731684414527806A coupled structural and flow approach for numerical simulation of the light resin transfer moulding process. I: Model outline
Hutchinson, J. R., Schubel, P. J. and Said, R.. 2014. "A coupled structural and flow approach for numerical simulation of the light resin transfer moulding process. I: Model outline." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites. 33 (14), pp. 1332-1338. https://doi.org/10.1177/0731684414527805Furan matrix and flax fibre as a sustainable renewable composite: mechanical and fire-resistant properties in comparison to phenol, epoxy and polyester
Crossley, Richard, Schubel, Peter and Stevenson, Anthony. 2014. "Furan matrix and flax fibre as a sustainable renewable composite: mechanical and fire-resistant properties in comparison to phenol, epoxy and polyester." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites. 33 (1), pp. 58-68. https://doi.org/10.1177/0731684413502108On recycled carbon fibre composites manufactured through a liquid composite moulding process
Shah, Darshil U. and Schubel, Peter J.. 2016. "On recycled carbon fibre composites manufactured through a liquid composite moulding process." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites. 35 (7), pp. 533-540. https://doi.org/10.1177/0731684415623652Understanding the buckling behaviour of steered tows in automated dry fibre placement (ADFP)
Matveev, M. Y., Schubel, P. J., Long, A. C. and Jones, I. A.. 2016. "Understanding the buckling behaviour of steered tows in automated dry fibre placement (ADFP)." Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing. 90, pp. 451-456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2016.08.014Green Composite Materials
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