Adaptation of the Three-Dimensional Wisdom Scale (3D-WS) for the Korean cultural context

Article

Kim, Seungyoun and Knight, Bob G.. 2015. "Adaptation of the Three-Dimensional Wisdom Scale (3D-WS) for the Korean cultural context." International Psychogeriatrics. 27 (2), pp. 267-278. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610214002178
Article Title

Adaptation of the Three-Dimensional Wisdom Scale (3D-WS) for the Korean cultural context

ERA Journal ID6329
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsKim, Seungyoun (Author) and Knight, Bob G. (Author)
Journal TitleInternational Psychogeriatrics
Journal Citation27 (2), pp. 267-278
Number of Pages12
Year2015
Place of PublicationUnited Kingdom
ISSN1041-6102
1741-203X
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610214002178
Web Address (URL)http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayFulltext?type=1&fid=9494128&jid=IPG&volumeId=27&issueId=02&aid=9494123
Abstract

Background: Previous research on wisdom has suggested that wisdom is comprised of cognitive, reflective, and affective components and has developed and validated wisdom measures based on samples from Western countries. To apply the measurement to Eastern cultures, the present study revised an existing wisdom scale, the three-dimensional wisdom scale (3D-WS, Ardelt, 2003) for the Korean cultural context.

Methods: Participants included 189 Korean heritage adults (age range 19–96) living in Los Angeles. We added a culturally specific factor of wisdom to the 3D-WS: Modesty and Unobtrusiveness (Yang, 2001), which captures an Eastern aspect of wisdom. The structure and psychometrics of the scale were tested. By latent cluster analysis, we determined acculturation subgroups and examined group differences in the means of factors in the revised wisdom scale (3D-WS-K).

Results: Three factors, Cognitive Flexibility, Viewpoint Relativism, and Empathic Modesty were found using confirmatory factor analysis. Respondents with high biculturalism were higher on Viewpoint Relativism and lower on Empathic Modesty.

Conclusion: This study discovered that a revised wisdom scale had a distinct factor structure and item content in a Korean heritage sample. We also found acculturation influences on the meaning of wisdom.

Keywordswisdom; culture; 3D-WS; Korean heritage adults
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020529999. Other psychology not elsewhere classified
420313. Mental health services
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Byline AffiliationsUniversity of Southern California, United States
Institution of OriginUniversity of Southern Queensland
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