The control of respiratory pressures and neuromuscular activation to increase force production in trained martial arts practitioners

Article

Walters, Sherrilyn, Hoffman, Ben, MacAskill, William, Johnson, Michael A., Sharpe, Graham R. and Mills, Dean E.. 2021. "The control of respiratory pressures and neuromuscular activation to increase force production in trained martial arts practitioners." European Journal of Applied Physiology. 121 (12), pp. 3333-3347. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-021-04800-7
Article Title

The control of respiratory pressures and neuromuscular activation to increase force production in trained martial arts practitioners

ERA Journal ID9750
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsWalters, Sherrilyn (Author), Hoffman, Ben (Author), MacAskill, William (Author), Johnson, Michael A. (Author), Sharpe, Graham R. (Author) and Mills, Dean E. (Author)
Journal TitleEuropean Journal of Applied Physiology
Journal Citation121 (12), pp. 3333-3347
Number of Pages15
Year2021
Place of PublicationGermany
ISSN1439-6319
1439-6327
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-021-04800-7
Web Address (URL)https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00421-021-04800-7
Abstract

Purpose: The mechanisms that explain the ability of trained martial arts practitioners to produce and resist greater forces than untrained individuals to aid combat performance are not fully understood. We investigated whether the greater ability of trained martial arts practitioners to produce and resist forces was associated with an enhanced control of respiratory pressures and neuromuscular activation of the respiratory, abdominal, and pelvic floor musculature. Methods: Nine trained martial arts practitioners and nine untrained controls were instrumented with skin-surface electromyography (EMG) on the sternocleidomastoid, rectus abdominis, and the group formed by the transverse abdominal and internal oblique muscles (EMGtra/io). A multipair oesophageal EMG electrode catheter measured gastric (Pg), transdiaphragmatic (Pdi), and oesophageal (Pe) pressures and EMG of the crural diaphragm (EMGdi). Participants performed Standing Isometric Unilateral Chest Press (1) and Standing Posture Control (2) tasks. Results: The trained group produced higher forces normalised to body mass2/3 (0.033 ± 0.01 vs. 0.025 ± 0.007 N/kg2/3 mean force in Task 1), lower Pe, and higher Pdi in both tasks. Additionally, they produced higher Pg (73 ± 42 vs. 49 ± 19 cmH2O mean Pg) and EMGtra/io in Task 1 and higher EMGdi in Task 2. The onset of Pg with respect to the onset of force production was earlier, and the relative contributions of Pg/Pe and Pdi/Pe were higher in the trained group in both tasks. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that trained martial arts practitioners utilised a greater contribution of abdominal and diaphragm musculature to chest wall recruitment and higher Pdi to produce and resist higher forces.

Keywordsrespiratory pressures; respiratory muscles; martial artists; muscular force Abbreviations
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020420701. Biomechanics
420702. Exercise physiology
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Byline AffiliationsSchool of Health and Wellbeing
Nottingham Trent University, United Kingdom
Institution of OriginUniversity of Southern Queensland
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