Exercise to combat cancer focusing on the ends

Article

Denham, Joshua, Bliss, Edward S., Bryan, Tracy M., O'Brien, Brendan J. and Mills, Dean. 2024. "Exercise to combat cancer focusing on the ends." Physiological Genomics. https://doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00075.2024
Article Title

Exercise to combat cancer focusing on the ends

ERA Journal ID14629
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsDenham, Joshua, Bliss, Edward S., Bryan, Tracy M., O'Brien, Brendan J. and Mills, Dean
Journal TitlePhysiological Genomics
Year2024
PublisherAmerican Physiological Society
Place of PublicationUnited States
ISSN1094-8341
1531-2267
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00075.2024
Web Address (URL)https://journals-physiology-org.ezproxy.usq.edu.au/doi/abs/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00075.2024
Abstract

Cancer remains a leading cause of death worldwide and although prognosis and survivorship after therapy has improved significantly, current cancer treatments have long-term health consequences. For decades telomerase-mediated telomere maintenance has been an attractive anti-cancer therapeutic target due to its abundance and role in telomere maintenance, pathogenesis and growth in neoplasms. Telomere maintenance-specific cancer therapies, however, are marred by off target side-effects that must be addressed before they reach clinical practice. Regular exercise training is associated with telomerase-mediated telomere maintenance in healthy cells, which is associated with healthy ageing. A single bout of endurance exercise training dynamically, but temporarily, increases TERT mRNA and telomerase activity, as well as several molecules that control genomic stability and telomere length (i.e., shelterin and TERRA). Considering the epidemiological findings and accumulating research highlighting that exercise significantly reduces the risk of many types of cancers and the anti-carcinogenic effects of exercise on tumour growth in vitro, investigating the governing molecular mechanisms of telomerase control in context with exercise and cancer may provide important new insights to explain these findings. Specifically, the molecular mechanisms controlling telomerase in both healthy cells and tumours after exercise could reveal novel therapeutic targets for tumour-specific telomere maintenance and offer important evidence that could refine current physical activity and exercise guidelines for all stages of cancer care.

KeywordsEndurance exercise; telomere length; telomerase; TERT; tumor
Contains Sensitive ContentDoes not contain sensitive content
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020310505. Gene expression (incl. microarray and other genome-wide approaches)
310102. Cell development, proliferation and death
420702. Exercise physiology
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Byline AffiliationsSchool of Health and Medical Sciences
Centre for Health Research
University of Sydney
Federation University
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Mills, Dean E., Johnson, Michael A., McPhilimey, Martin J., Williams, Neil C., Gonzalez, Javier T., Barnett, Yvonne A. and Sharpe, Graham R.. 2013. "The effects of inspiratory muscle training on plasma interleukin-6 concentration during cycling exercise and a volitional mimic of the exercise hyperpnea." Journal of Applied Physiology. 115 (8), pp. 1163-1172. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00272.2013
Response [to the Chiappa et al letter to the editor]
Johnson, Michael A., Mills, Dean E., Brown, Peter I. and Sharpe, Graham R.. 2013. "Response [to the Chiappa et al letter to the editor]." Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 45 (1), pp. 214-215. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e31826aade2
Inspiratory muscle warm-up does not improve cycling time-trial performance
Johnson, M. A., Gregson, I. R., Mills, D. E., Gonzalez, J. T. and Sharpe, G. R.. 2014. "Inspiratory muscle warm-up does not improve cycling time-trial performance." European Journal of Applied Physiology. 114 (9), pp. 1821-1830. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-014-2914-x
The effects of inspiratory muscle training in older adults
Mills, Dean E., Johnson, Michael A., Barnett, Yvonne A., Smith, William H. T. and Sharpe, Graham R.. 2015. "The effects of inspiratory muscle training in older adults." Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 47 (4), pp. 691-697. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000000474
Changes in the leukocyte methylome and its effect on cardiovascular-related genes after exercise
Denham, Joshua, O'Brien, Brendan J., Marques, Francine Z. and Charchar, Fadi J.. 2015. "Changes in the leukocyte methylome and its effect on cardiovascular-related genes after exercise." Journal of Applied Physiology. 118 (4), pp. 475-488. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00878.2014
Four weeks of sprint interval training improves 5-km run performance
Denham, Joshua, Feros, Simon A and O'Brien, Brendan J.. 2015. "Four weeks of sprint interval training improves 5-km run performance." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 29 (8), pp. 2137-2141. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000862
Genome-wide sperm DNA methylation changes after 3 months of exercise training in humans
Denham, Josh, O'Brien, Brendan J, Harvey, Jack T and Charchar, Fadi J. 2015. "Genome-wide sperm DNA methylation changes after 3 months of exercise training in humans." Epigenomics. 7 (5). https://doi.org/10.2217/epi.15.29
Exercise: putting action into our epigenome
Denham, Josh, Marques, Francine Z., O'Brien, Brendan J. and Charchar, Fadi J.. 2014. "Exercise: putting action into our epigenome." Sports Medicine. 44 (2), pp. 189-209. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-013-0114-1
Leukocyte telomere length variation due to DNA extraction method
Denham, Joshua, Marques, Francine Z and Charchar, Fadi J. 2014. "Leukocyte telomere length variation due to DNA extraction method." BMC Research Notes. 7. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-7-877
Longer leukocyte telomeres are associated with ultra-endurance exercise independent of cardiovascular risk factors
Denham, Joshua, Nelson, Christopher P., O'Brien, Brendan J., Nankervis, Scott A., Denniff, Matthew, Harvey, Jack T., Marques, Francine Z., Codd, Veryan, Zukowska-Szczechowska, Ewa, Samani, Nilesh J., Tomaszewski, Maciej and Charchar, Fadi J.. 2013. "Longer leukocyte telomeres are associated with ultra-endurance exercise independent of cardiovascular risk factors." PLoS One. 8 (7). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0069377