Exercise regulates shelterin genes and microRNAs implicated in ageing in Thoroughbred horses

Article

Mandal, Shama, Denham, Michele M., Spencer, Sarah J. and Denham, Joshua. 2022. "Exercise regulates shelterin genes and microRNAs implicated in ageing in Thoroughbred horses." Pfugers Archiv: European journal of physiology. 474 (11), p. 1159–1169. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-022-02745-0
Article Title

Exercise regulates shelterin genes and microRNAs implicated in ageing in Thoroughbred horses

Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsMandal, Shama (Author), Denham, Michele M. (Author), Spencer, Sarah J. (Author) and Denham, Joshua (Author)
Journal TitlePfugers Archiv: European journal of physiology
Journal Citation474 (11), p. 1159–1169
Number of Pages11
Year2022
Place of PublicationGermany
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-022-02745-0
Web Address (URL)https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00424-022-02745-0
Abstract

Ageing causes a gradual deterioration of bodily functions and telomere degradation. Excessive telomere shortening leads to cellular senescence and decreases tissue vitality. Six proteins, called shelterin, protect telomere integrity and control telomere length through telomerase-dependent mechanisms. Exercise training appears to maintain telomeres in certain somatic cells, although the underlying molecular mechanisms are incompletely understood. Here, we examined the influence of a single bout of vigorous exercise training on leukocyte telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) and shelterin gene expression, and the abundance of three microRNAs (miRNAs) implicated in biological ageing (miRNA-143, -223 and -486-5p) in an elite athlete and large animal model, Thoroughbred horses. Gene and miRNA expression were analysed using primer-based and TaqMan Assay qPCR. Leukocyte TRF1, TRF2 and POT1 expression were all significantly increased whilst miR-223 and miR-486-5p were decreased immediately after vigorous exercise (all p < 0.05), and tended to return to baseline levels 24 h after training. Relative to the young horses (~ 3.9 years old), middle-aged horses (~ 14.8 years old) exhibited reduced leukocyte TERT gene expression, and increased POT1 and miR-223 abundance (all p < 0.05). These data demonstrate that genes transcribing key components of the shelterin-telomere complex are influenced by ageing and dynamically regulated by a single bout of vigorous exercise in a large, athletic mammal — Thoroughbred horses. Our findings also implicate TERT and shelterin gene transcripts as potential targets of miR-223 and miR-486-5p, which are modulated by exercise and may have a role in the telomere maintenance and genomic stability associated with long-term aerobic training.

KeywordsEquine; miRNA; Non-coding RNA; Telomere; TERT
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020310902. Animal cell and molecular biology
310599. Genetics not elsewhere classified
420702. Exercise physiology
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Byline AffiliationsRoyal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT)
Jubilee Stud, Australia
School of Health and Medical Sciences
Institution of OriginUniversity of Southern Queensland
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