Changes in the leukocyte methylome and its effect on cardiovascular-related genes after exercise

Article

Denham, Joshua, O'Brien, Brendan J., Marques, Francine Z. and Charchar, Fadi J.. 2015. "Changes in the leukocyte methylome and its effect on cardiovascular-related genes after exercise." Journal of Applied Physiology. 118 (4), pp. 475-488. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00878.2014

Article Title	Changes in the leukocyte methylome and its effect on cardiovascular-related genes after exercise
ERA Journal ID	3161
Article Category	Article
Authors	Denham, Joshua, O'Brien, Brendan J., Marques, Francine Z. and Charchar, Fadi J.
Journal Title	Journal of Applied Physiology
Journal Citation	118 (4), pp. 475-488
Number of Pages	14
Year	2015
Publisher	American Physiological Society
Place of Publication	United States
ISSN	1522-1601
	8750-7587
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)	https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00878.2014
Web Address (URL)	https://journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/japplphysiol.00878.2014
Abstract	Physical exercise has proven cardiovascular benefits, yet there is no clear understanding of the related molecular mechanisms leading to this. Here we determined the beneficial epigenetic effects of exercise after sprint interval training, a form of exercise known to improve cardiometabolic health. We quantified genome-wide leukocyte DNA methylation of 12 healthy young (18–24 yr) men before and after 4 wk (thrice weekly) of sprint interval training using the 450K BeadChip (Illumina) and validated gene expression changes in an extra seven subjects. Exercise increased subjects' cardiorespiratory fitness and maximal running performance, and decreased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration in conjunction with genome-wide DNA methylation changes. Notably, many CpG island and gene promoter regions were demethylated after exercise, indicating increased genome-wide transcriptional changes. Among genes with DNA methylation changes, epidermal growth factor (EGF), a ligand of the epidermal growth factor receptor known to be involved in cardiovascular disease, was demethylated and showed decreased mRNA expression. Additionally, we found that in microRNAs miR-21 and miR-210, gene DNA methylation was altered by exercise causing a cascade effect on the expression of the mature microRNA involved in cardiovascular function. Our findings demonstrate that exercise alters DNA methylation in circulating blood cells in microRNA and protein-coding genes associated with cardiovascular physiology.
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020	310504. Epigenetics (incl. genome methylation and epigenomics)
	310505. Gene expression (incl. microarray and other genome-wide approaches)
	420702. Exercise physiology
Public Notes	File reproduced in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher/author.
Byline Affiliations	Federation University

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