Militarisation, energy consumption, CO2 emissions and economic growth in Myanmar
Article
Article Title | Militarisation, energy consumption, CO2 emissions and economic growth in Myanmar |
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ERA Journal ID | 30484 |
Article Category | Article |
Authors | Ahmed, Shakoor (Author), Alam, Khorshed (Author), Rashid, Afzalur (Author) and Gow, Jeff (Author) |
Journal Title | Defence and Peace Economics |
Journal Citation | 31 (6), pp. 615-641 |
Number of Pages | 27 |
Year | 2020 |
Place of Publication | United Kingdom |
ISSN | 1024-2694 |
1476-8267 | |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1080/10242694.2018.1560566 |
Web Address (URL) | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10242694.2018.1560566 |
Abstract | The cointegration and causal relationships amongst militarisation, energy consumption, carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and economic growth in Myanmar are investigated for the period of 1975–2014. Myanmar was governed by a military regime until 2011 with high levels of military expenditure. This study adopted an extended neoclassical production function framework utilising the autoregressive distributed lag approach to investigate the causal relationships. Estimation showed that a 1% increase in military expenditure led to a 0.63% decrease in GDP, whereas a 1% increase in energy consumption increased GDP by 4% in the long run. The bootstrap-corrected causality test located bidirectional causality between energy consumption and CO2 emissions and unidirectional causality running from economic growth to energy consumption. Policy recommendations promoting Myanmar’s economic growth include reducing military spending which would contribute to a reduction in CO2 emissions and encourage efficient energy consumption. |
Keywords | bootstrap-corrected causality; CO2 emissions; economic growth; energy consumption; militarisation; Myanmar |
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 401703. Energy generation, conversion and storage (excl. chemical and electrical) |
440499. Development studies not elsewhere classified | |
380205. Time-series analysis | |
Public Notes | Files associated with this item cannot be displayed due to copyright restrictions. |
Byline Affiliations | School of Commerce |
Institution of Origin | University of Southern Queensland |
https://research.usq.edu.au/item/q5169/militarisation-energy-consumption-co2-emissions-and-economic-growth-in-myanmar
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