Macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of biofuel spray (biodiesel and alcohols) in CI engines: A review
Article
Article Title | Macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of biofuel spray (biodiesel and alcohols) in CI engines: A review |
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ERA Journal ID | 3883 |
Article Category | Article |
Authors | Algayyim, Sattar Jabbar Murad (Author) and Wandel, Andrew P. (Author) |
Journal Title | Fuel: the science and technology of fuel and energy |
Journal Citation | 292, pp. 1-14 |
Article Number | 120303 |
Number of Pages | 14 |
Year | 2021 |
Publisher | Elsevier |
Place of Publication | United Kingdom |
ISSN | 0016-2361 |
1873-7153 | |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2021.120303 |
Web Address (URL) | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016236121001794 |
Abstract | Spray characteristics are among the most important factors affecting compression ignition (CI) engine perfor-mance and emission levels. Fuel flow visualisation and optical diagnostics have been widely employed as methods for investigating combustion processes in CI engines. Due to the increase in the number of renewable alternative fuels and more stringent legislation governing engine pollutant emissions, it is important to char-acterise the spray behaviour of these alternative fuels in CI engines under different operating conditions. This study reviews and summarises the practice of spray visualisation to determine macroscopic character-istics, such as spray tip penetration (S) and spray cone (θ); and microscopic characteristics such as spray droplet diameter and Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD). It also provides literature reviews: experimental efforts regarding optical techniques; spray operating conditions (injection pressure, ambient conditions, and injector geometry), fuel types (biodiesel and alcohol blends) and numerical studies regarding software usage, spray models and simulation cases results. Increasing fuel injection pressure (FIP) initiates combustion due to improved spray penetration length and atomisation, however SMD decreases with increasing FIP. Fuel properties and ambient temperatures have a significant impact on both spray penetration length of the liquid phase and, two-phase interaction between liquid and vapour. Velocity of spray droplets is impacted by ambient gas and aerodynamic and viscous properties because of their impact on spray breakup processes. The higher viscosity and higher surface tension of the biodiesel blend resulted in a reduction of the Weber number and injection velocity with a corresponding increase in droplet size and SMD. All alcohol blends improved the atomisation performance of biodiesel and diesel fuel because alcohol blends have low kinematic viscosity, boiling point and surface tension leading to improved atomisation and vaporisation rate. Piezo-driven injection system atomisation performance is better than that of the solenoid-driven injection because of its faster response time. Finally, simulation studies of spray visualisation revealed good agreement with the experimental investigation so simulation studies can save time and effort. |
Keywords | Spray visualisation; Droplets; Optical techniques; Spray simulation; Biofuel |
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 400201. Automotive combustion and fuel engineering |
Public Notes | Files associated with this item cannot be displayed due to copyright restrictions. |
Byline Affiliations | School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering |
Institution of Origin | University of Southern Queensland |
https://research.usq.edu.au/item/q6335/macroscopic-and-microscopic-characteristics-of-biofuel-spray-biodiesel-and-alcohols-in-ci-engines-a-review
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Noor, M. M., Wandel, Andrew P. and Yusaf, Talal. 2013. "The air fuel ratio study for the mixture of biogas and hydrogen on mild combustion." 3rd Malaysian Postgraduate Conference (MPC 2013). Sydney, Australia 04 - 05 Jul 2013 Sydney, Australia.Discretization of three dimensional non-uniform grid: conditional moment closure elliptic equation using finite difference method
Noor, M. M., Wandel, Andrew P. and Yusaf, Talal. 2013. "Discretization of three dimensional non-uniform grid: conditional moment closure elliptic equation using finite difference method." 3rd Malaysian Postgraduate Conference (MPC 2013). Sydney, Australia 04 - 05 Jul 2013 Sydney, Australia.A homogeneous charge compression ignition engine: an introduction
Hairuddin, A. Aziz, Wandel, Andrew P. and Yusaf, Talal. 2013. "A homogeneous charge compression ignition engine: an introduction." 3rd Malaysian Postgraduate Conference (MPC 2013). Sydney, Australia 04 - 05 Jul 2013 Sydney, Australia.Conditional dissipation of scalars in homogeneous turbulence: closure for MMC modelling
Wandel, Andrew P.. 2013. "Conditional dissipation of scalars in homogeneous turbulence: closure for MMC modelling." Combustion Theory and Modelling. 17 (4), pp. 707-748. https://doi.org/10.1080/13647830.2013.794391Extinction predictors in turbulent sprays
Wandel, Andrew P.. 2013. "Extinction predictors in turbulent sprays." Proceedings of the Combustion Institute. 34 (1), pp. 1625-1632. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2012.07.037Hybrid multiple mapping conditioning modeling of local extinction
Wandel, Andrew P. and Lindstedt, R. Peter. 2013. "Hybrid multiple mapping conditioning modeling of local extinction." Proceedings of the Combustion Institute. 34 (1), pp. 1365-1372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2012.07.073Student perceptions of teammates' performance: influence of team formation method
Wandel, Andrew P. and Willey, Keith. 2012. "Student perceptions of teammates' performance: influence of team formation method." Mann, Llewellyn and Daniel, Scott (ed.) 23rd Annual Conference of the Australasian Association for Engineering Education (AAEE 2012). Melbourne, Australia 03 - 05 Dec 2012 Melbourne, Australia.A review of mild combustion and open furnace design consideration
Noor, M. M., Wandel, Andrew P. and Yusaf, Talal. 2012. "A review of mild combustion and open furnace design consideration." International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering. 6 (1), pp. 730-754.HCCI engine: numerical and experimental approach
Hairuddin, A. Aziz, Yusaf, Talal F. and Wandel, Andrew P.. 2012. "HCCI engine: numerical and experimental approach." Noor, M. M., Baker, Paul and Yusaf, Talal F. (ed.) USQ Combustion Meeting 2012 (26th September). Toowoomba, Australia 26 Sep 2012 Toowoomba, Australia.Investigation of Biogas Moderate or Intense Low Oxygen Dilution (MILD) combustion on open furnace bluff-body burner
Noor, M. M., Wandel, Andrew P. and Yusaf, T. F.. 2012. "Investigation of Biogas Moderate or Intense Low Oxygen Dilution (MILD) combustion on open furnace bluff-body burner." Noor, M. M., Baker, Paul and Yusaf, Talal F. (ed.) USQ Combustion Meeting 2012 (29th August). Toowoomba, Australia 29 Aug 2012 Toowoomba, Australia.Modelling of non-premixed turbulent combustion of hydrogen using conditional moment closure method
Noor, M. M., Hairuddin, A. Aziz, Wandel, Andrew P. and Yusaf, T. F.. 2012. "Modelling of non-premixed turbulent combustion of hydrogen using conditional moment closure method." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 36 (1), pp. 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/36/1/012036The modelling of the effect of air fuel ratio on unburned hydrocarbons for MILD combustion
Noor, M. M., Wandel, Andrew P. and Yusaf, T. F.. 2012. "The modelling of the effect of air fuel ratio on unburned hydrocarbons for MILD combustion." Noor, M. M., Rahman, M. M. and Ismail, J. (ed.) 2nd Malaysian Postgraduate Conference (MPC 2012). Gold Coast, Australia 07 - 09 Jul 2012 Sydney, Australia.A preliminary study of control parameters for open furnace mild combustion using CFD
Noor, M. M., Wandel, Andrew P. and Yusaf, T. F.. 2012. "A preliminary study of control parameters for open furnace mild combustion using CFD." Noor, M. M., Rahman, M. M. and Ismail, J. (ed.) 2nd Malaysian Postgraduate Conference (MPC 2012). Gold Coast, Australia 07 - 09 Jul 2012 Sydney, Australia.Mild combustion: a technical review towards open furnace combustion
Noor, M. M., Wandel, Andrew P. and Yusaf, T. F.. 2012. "Mild combustion: a technical review towards open furnace combustion." Noor, M. M., Rahman, M. M. and Ismail, J. (ed.) 2nd Malaysian Postgraduate Conference (MPC 2012). Gold Coast, Australia 07 - 09 Jul 2012 Sydney, Australia.Numerical investigation of influence of air and fuel dilution for open furnace MILD combustion burner
Noor, M. M., Wandel, Andrew P. and Yusaf, T. F.. 2012. "Numerical investigation of influence of air and fuel dilution for open furnace MILD combustion burner." 2012 Southern Regional Engineering Conference (SREC 2012). Toowoomba, Australia 01 Sep 2012 Canberra, Australia.Predicting the combustion behaviour of a diesel HCCI engine using a zero-dimensional single-zone model
Hairuddin, A. Aziz, Yusaf, Talal F. and Wandel, Andrew P.. 2011. "Predicting the combustion behaviour of a diesel HCCI engine using a zero-dimensional single-zone model." Kennedy, Eric, Dlugogorski, Bogdan, Moghtaderi, Behdad and Masri, Assaad (ed.) 11th Australian Combustion Symposium (ACS 2011). Newcastle, Australia 29 Nov - 01 Dec 2011 Sydney, Australia.Team formation by region to improve outcomes for distance-education students in a PBL course
Wandel, Andrew P.. 2011. "Team formation by region to improve outcomes for distance-education students in a PBL course." 41st ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE 2011): Celebrating 41 Years of Monumental Innovations from around the World. Rapid City, United States 12 - 15 Oct 2011 Piscataway, NJ. United States. https://doi.org/10.1109/FIE.2011.6142727![](/~234/dnn/default-thumbnail.png)