Characterisation of mixing rate due to high power ultrasound
Article
Article Title | Characterisation of mixing rate due to high power ultrasound |
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ERA Journal ID | 34301 |
Article Category | Article |
Authors | Yusaf, Talal (Author) and Buttsworth, David R. (Author) |
Journal Title | Ultrasonics Sonochemistry |
Journal Citation | 14 (2), pp. 266-274 |
Number of Pages | 9 |
Year | 2007 |
Place of Publication | Amsterdam, Netherlands |
ISSN | 1350-4177 |
1873-2828 | |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2006.04.008 |
Web Address (URL) | http://www.elsevier.com/locate/ultsonch |
Abstract | For meaningful assessment of results from laboratory and pilot plant trials, it is often necessary to know the mixing characteristics within the ultrasonic reactors. Previous workers have used conductivity measurements in an attempt to characterize the residence time distribution in ultrasonic reactors, but these results do not provide direct data on the mixing within the high power region adjacent to the ultrasonic probe tip. We overcome this difficulty though direct visualization of the mixing process within the high energy region close to the tip of the ultrasonic probe. Our analysis proceeds by determining an approximate turbulent diffusivity in a batch reactor arrangement for different values of ultrasonic energy input. For input electrical power levels between 70 and 120 W and a processing volume of 30 ml, the effective turbulent diffusivity varied from about 0.2e-3 m^2/s to 0.7e-3 m^2/s. We demonstrate that such results can be coupled to a suitable dispersion model to estimate the actual residence time distribution in flow-though arrangements when the through-put adds little additional mixing energy. Therefore, coupling the effective turbulent diffusivity identified in a batch reactor with a suitable dispersion model for the reactor therefore offers an alternative approach to the deduction of RTD when determining the actual RTD in the high intensity zone of steady flow sonochemical reactors is problematic. |
Keywords | ultrasonic processing; turbulent mixing; turbulent diffusivity; mixing time; residence time distribution |
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 401213. Turbulent flows |
400805. Electrical energy transmission, networks and systems | |
400407. Process control and simulation | |
Public Notes | File reproduced in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher/author. |
Byline Affiliations | Department of Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering |
University of Oxford, United Kingdom |
https://research.usq.edu.au/item/9xz32/characterisation-of-mixing-rate-due-to-high-power-ultrasound
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