Examining signs of driver sleepiness, usage of sleepiness countermeasures and the associations with sleepy driving behaviours and individual factors

Article

Watling, Christopher N., Armstrong, Kerry A. and Radun, Igor. 2015. "Examining signs of driver sleepiness, usage of sleepiness countermeasures and the associations with sleepy driving behaviours and individual factors." Accident Analysis and Prevention. 85, pp. 22-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2015.08.022
Article Title

Examining signs of driver sleepiness, usage of sleepiness countermeasures and the associations with sleepy driving behaviours and individual factors

ERA Journal ID13370
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsWatling, Christopher N. (Author), Armstrong, Kerry A. (Author) and Radun, Igor (Author)
Journal TitleAccident Analysis and Prevention
Journal Citation85, pp. 22-29
Number of Pages8
Year2015
PublisherEmerald
Place of PublicationUnited Kingdom
ISSN0001-4575
1879-2057
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2015.08.022
Web Address (URL)https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001457515300567
Abstract

The impairing effect from sleepiness is a major contributor to road crashes. The ability of a sleepy driver to perceive their level of sleepiness is an important consideration for road safety as well as the type of sleepiness countermeasure used by drivers as some sleepiness countermeasures are more effective than others. The aims of the current study were to determine the extent that the signs of driver sleepiness were associated with sleepy driving behaviours, as well as determining which individual factors (demographic, work, driving, and sleep-related factors) were associated with using a roadside or in-vehicle sleepiness countermeasure. A sample of 1518 Australian drivers from the Australian State of New South Wales and the neighbouring Australian Capital Territory took part in the study. The participants’ experiences with the signs of sleepiness were reasonably extensive. A number of the early signs of sleepiness (e.g., yawning, frequent eye blinks) were related with continuing to drive while sleepy, with the more advanced signs of sleepiness (e.g., difficulty keeping eyes open, dreamlike state of consciousness) associated with having a sleep-related close call. The individual factors associated with using a roadside sleepiness countermeasure included age (being older), education (tertiary level), difficulties getting to sleep, not continuing to drive while sleepy, and having experienced many signs of sleepiness. The results suggest that these participants have a reasonable awareness and experience with the signs of driver sleepiness. Factors related to previous experiences with sleepiness were associated with implementing a roadside countermeasure. Nonetheless, the high proportions of drivers performing sleepy driving behaviours, suggest that concerted efforts are needed with road safety campaigns regarding the dangers of driving while sleepy.

KeywordsDriver sleepiness, signs of sleepiness, sleepiness countermeasures, individual factors, Australian drivers
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020520402. Decision making
420604. Injury prevention
520406. Sensory processes, perception and performance
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Byline AffiliationsQueensland University of Technology
University of Helsinki, Finland
Institution of OriginUniversity of Southern Queensland
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