Supplementation with fish oil and genistein, individually or in combination, protects bone against the adverse effects of methotrexate chemotherapy in rats
Article
Nadhanan, Rethi Raghu, Skinner, Jayne, Chung, Rosa, Su, Yu-Wen, Howe, Peter R. and Xian, Cory J.. 2013. "Supplementation with fish oil and genistein, individually or in combination, protects bone against the adverse effects of methotrexate chemotherapy in rats." PLoS One. 8 (8). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0071592
| Article Title | Supplementation with fish oil and genistein, individually or in combination, protects bone against the adverse effects of methotrexate chemotherapy in rats |
|---|---|
| ERA Journal ID | 39745 |
| Article Category | Article |
| Authors | Nadhanan, Rethi Raghu (Author), Skinner, Jayne (Author), Chung, Rosa (Author), Su, Yu-Wen (Author), Howe, Peter R. (Author) and Xian, Cory J. (Author) |
| Journal Title | PLoS One |
| Journal Citation | 8 (8) |
| Number of Pages | 12 |
| Year | 2013 |
| Publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| Place of Publication | United States |
| ISSN | 1932-6203 |
| Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0071592 |
| Web Address (URL) | http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0071592 |
| Abstract | Cancer chemotherapy has been shown to induce long-term skeletal side effects such as osteoporosis and fractures; however, there are no preventative treatments. This study investigated the damaging effects of anti-metabolite methotrexate (MTX) subcutaneous injections (0.75 mg/kg BW) for five days and the potential protective benefits of daily oral gavage of fish oil at 0.5 mL/100 g BW (containing 375 mg of n-3 PUFA/100 g BW), genistein (2 mg/100 g BW), or their combination in young adult rats. MTX treatment alone significantly reduced primary spongiosa height and secondary spongiosa trabecular bone volume. Bone marrow stromal cells from the treated rats showed a significant reduction in osteogenic differentiation but an increase in adipogenesis ex vivo. Consistently, stromal cells had significantly higher mRNA levels of adipogenesis-related proliferator activator activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) and fatty acid binding protein (FABP4). MTX significantly increased the numbers of bone-resorbing osteoclasts and marrow osteoclast precursor cell pool while significantly enhancing the mRNA expression of receptor activator for nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL), the RANKL/osteoprotegerin (OPG) ratio, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the bone. Supplementary treatment with fish oil and/or genistein significantly preserved trabecular bone volume and osteogenesis but suppressed MTX-induced adipogenesis and increases in osteoclast numbers and pro-osteoclastogenic cytokine expression. Thus, Fish oil and/or genistein supplementation during MTX treatment enabled not only preservation of osteogenic differentiation, osteoblast number and bone volume, but also prevention of MTX treatment-induced increases in bone marrow adiposity, osteoclastogenic cytokine expression and osteoclast formation, and thus bone loss. © 2013 Raghu Nadhanan et al. |
| Keywords | clinical and experimental biochemistry; orthopedic surgery; Drug Literature Index; toxicology; |
| ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 321105. Chemotherapy |
| Public Notes | File reproduced in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher/author. |
| Byline Affiliations | University of South Australia |
| University of Newcastle | |
| Institution of Origin | University of Southern Queensland |
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