Relationship between erythrocyte omega-3 content and obesity is gender dependent
Article
Article Title | Relationship between erythrocyte omega-3 content and obesity is gender dependent |
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ERA Journal ID | 211152 |
Article Category | Article |
Authors | Howe, Peter R. C. (Author), Buckley, Jonathan D. (Author), Murphy, Karen J. (Author), Pettman, Tahna (Author), Milte, Catherine (Author) and Coates, Alison M. (Author) |
Journal Title | Nutrients |
Journal Citation | 6 (5), pp. 1850-1860 |
Number of Pages | 11 |
Year | 2014 |
Publisher | MDPI AG |
Place of Publication | Switzerland |
ISSN | 2072-6643 |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.3390/nu6051850 |
Web Address (URL) | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/6/5/1850 |
Abstract | Epidemiological evidence of an inverse association between consumption of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA) and obesity has been conflicting, even though studies in animal models of obesity and limited human trials suggest that LC n-3 PUFA consumption may contribute to weight loss. We used baseline data from a convenience sample of 476 adults (291 women, 185 men) participating in clinical trials at our Centre to explore relationships between erythrocyte levels of LC n-3 PUFA (a reliable indicator of habitual intake) and measures of adiposity, viz. body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and body fat (BF) assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Means ± SD of assessments were BMI: 34 ± 7 and 31 ± 5 kg/m2; WC: 105 ± 16 and 110 ± 13 cm; BF: 48 ± 5 and 35% ± 6% in women and men respectively. Erythrocyte levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were similar in men and women while docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) was higher and EPA + DHA (Omega-3 Index) slightly lower in men than in women. Both DHA and EPA + DHA correlated inversely with BMI, WC and BF in women while DPA correlated inversely with BF in men. Quartile distributions and curvilinear regression of the Omega-3 Index versus BMI revealed a steep rise of BMI in the lower range of the Omega-3 Index in women, but no association in men. Thus the results highlight important gender differences in relationships of specific LC n-3 PUFA in erythrocytes to markers of adiposity. If these reflect causal relationships between LC n-3 PUFA consumption and risk of obesity, gender specific targeted interventions should be considered. |
Keywords | Adiposity; Fish oil; Gender; Omega-3 Index; Absorptiometry, Photon; Adiposity; Adult; Body Height; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Cross-Sectional Studies; Docosahexaenoic Acids; Eicosapentaenoic Acid; Erythrocytes; |
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 321099. Nutrition and dietetics not elsewhere classified |
Byline Affiliations | University of Newcastle |
University of South Australia | |
Institution of Origin | University of Southern Queensland |
https://research.usq.edu.au/item/q40z0/relationship-between-erythrocyte-omega-3-content-and-obesity-is-gender-dependent
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