Comparison of two low-fat diets, differing in protein and carbohydrate, on psychological wellbeing in adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes: a randomised clinical trial
Article
Article Title | Comparison of two low-fat diets, differing in protein and carbohydrate, on psychological wellbeing in adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes: a randomised clinical trial |
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ERA Journal ID | 41072 |
Article Category | Article |
Authors | Watson, Nerylee Ann (Author), Dyer, Kathryn Ann (Author), Buckley, Jonathan David (Author), Brinkworth, Grant David (Author), Coates, Alison Mary (Author), Parfitt, Gaynor (Author), Howe, Peter Ranald Charles (Author), Noakes, Manny (Author) and Murphy, Karen Joy (Author) |
Journal Title | Nutrition Journal |
Journal Citation | 17, pp. 1-12 |
Article Number | 62 |
Number of Pages | 12 |
Year | 2018 |
Place of Publication | United Kingdom |
ISSN | 1475-2891 |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-018-0367-5 |
Web Address (URL) | https://nutritionj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12937-018-0367-5 |
Abstract | Background: Although higher-protein diets (HP) can assist with weight loss and glycemic control, their effect on psychological wellbeing has not been established. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of a HP and a higher-carbohydrate diet (HC), combined with regular exercise, on psychological wellbeing both during weight loss (WL) and weight maintenance phases (WM). Methods: In a parallel RCT, 61 adults with T2D (mean ± SD: BMI 34.3 ± 5.1 kg/m2, aged 55 ± 8 years) consumed a HP diet (29% protein, 34% carbohydrate, 31% fat) or an isocaloric HC diet (21%:48%:24%), with moderate intensity exercise, for 12 weeks of WL and 12 weeks of WM. Secondary data evaluating psychological wellbeing was assessed using: Problems Areas in Diabetes (PAID); Diabetes-39 Quality of Life (D-39); Short Form Health Survey (SF-36); Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10) and the Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire (LSEQ) at Weeks 0, 12 and 24 and evaluated with mixed models analysis. Results: Independent of diet, improvements for PAID; D-39 diabetes control; D-39 severity of diabetes; SF-36 physical functioning and SF-36 general health were found following WL (d = 0.30 to 0.69, P ≤ 0.04 for all) which remained after 12 weeks of WM. SF-36 vitality improved more in the HP group (group x time interaction P = 0.03). Associations were seen between HbA1c and D-39 severity of diabetes rating (r = 0.30, P = 0.01) and SF-36 mental health (r = − 0.32, P = 0.003) and between weight loss and PAID (r = 0.30, P = 0.01). Conclusion: Several improvements in diabetes-related and general psychological wellbeing were seen similarly for both diets following weight loss and a reduction in HbA1c with most of these improvements remaining when weight loss was sustained for 12 weeks. A HP diet may provide additional increases in vitality. |
Keywords | Type 2 diabetes, Psychological wellbeing, Quality of life, Emotional distress, Weight loss, Weight maintenance, Dietary protein |
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 320899. Medical physiology not elsewhere classified |
321099. Nutrition and dietetics not elsewhere classified | |
Byline Affiliations | University of South Australia |
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Australia | |
Institute for Resilient Regions | |
Institution of Origin | University of Southern Queensland |
https://research.usq.edu.au/item/q7q32/comparison-of-two-low-fat-diets-differing-in-protein-and-carbohydrate-on-psychological-wellbeing-in-adults-with-obesity-and-type-2-diabetes-a-randomised-clinical-trial
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