Preparation and flame retardancy of an intumescent flame-retardant epoxy resin system constructed by multiple flame-retardant compositions containing phosphorus and nitrogen heterocycle

Article

Yang, Shuang, Wang, Jun, Huo, Siqi, Cheng, Liufeng and Wang, Mei. 2015. "Preparation and flame retardancy of an intumescent flame-retardant epoxy resin system constructed by multiple flame-retardant compositions containing phosphorus and nitrogen heterocycle." Polymer Degradation and Stability. 119, pp. 251-259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2015.05.019
Article Title

Preparation and flame retardancy of an intumescent flame-retardant epoxy resin system constructed by multiple flame-retardant compositions containing phosphorus and nitrogen heterocycle

ERA Journal ID1691
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsYang, Shuang, Wang, Jun, Huo, Siqi, Cheng, Liufeng and Wang, Mei
Journal TitlePolymer Degradation and Stability
Journal Citation119, pp. 251-259
Number of Pages9
Year2015
PublisherElsevier
Place of PublicationUnited Kingdom
ISSN0141-3910
0144-2880
1873-2321
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2015.05.019
Web Address (URL)https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0141391015300082
Abstract

A phosphorous/nitrogen-containing reactive phenolic derivative (DOPO-HPM) was synthesized via the addition reaction between 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) and N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) maleimide (HPM). The structure of DOPO-HPM was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), 1H and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and elemental analysis (EA). The studied flame-retardant epoxy resin systems were prepared by copolymerizing diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA) with DOPO-HPM, triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC) and 4,4′-diamino-diphenyl sulfone (DDS). Thermal and flame retardant properties of the cured epoxy resins were investigated by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), thermogravimeric analysis (TGA), limited oxygen index (LOI) measurement, UL94 test and cone calorimeter. The DSC results indicated that the modified epoxy resins showed little fluctuation in glass transition temperatures (197-205 °C). The results of combustion tests indicated that the modified epoxy resin systems exhibited excellent flame retardant properties. The P-1 and P-1.25 systems acquired LOI values of 37% and 38.5%, respectively, and achieved a UL94 V-0 rating. Compared with the P-0 system, the peak of heat release rate (pk-HRR), average of effective heat of combustion (av-EHC) and total heat release (THR) of P-1.25 system decreased by 61.4%, 23.4% and 34.9%, respectively. In addition, the total smoke production (TSP) of the modified epoxy resin systems decreased with the increasing content of flame retardants, indicating the smoke suppression effect of the flame-retardant systems. Through visual observation, the char residues after cone calorimetry test exhibited intumescent structures with continuous and compact surfaces. The flame retardant mechanism was studied by FTIR, scanning electron microscope (SEM), cone calorimeter and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS).

KeywordsDOPO; Epoxy resin; Flame retardant; Intumescent; TGIC
Contains Sensitive ContentDoes not contain sensitive content
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020401609. Polymers and plastics
Public NotesFiles associated with this item cannot be displayed due to copyright restrictions.
Byline AffiliationsWuhan University of Technology, China
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https://research.usq.edu.au/item/yyxz2/preparation-and-flame-retardancy-of-an-intumescent-flame-retardant-epoxy-resin-system-constructed-by-multiple-flame-retardant-compositions-containing-phosphorus-and-nitrogen-heterocycle

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A novel P/Ni-doped g-C3N4 nanosheets for improving mechanical, thermal and flame-retardant properties of acrylonitrile–butadienestyrene resin
Ren, Jiahao, Huo, Siqi, Huang, Guobo, Wang, Tianle, Feng, Jiabing, Chen, Wei, Xiao, Shenwei and Song, Pingan. 2023. "A novel P/Ni-doped g-C3N4 nanosheets for improving mechanical, thermal and flame-retardant properties of acrylonitrile–butadienestyrene resin." Chemical Engineering Journal. 452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2022.139196
An iron phenylphosphinate@graphene oxide nanohybrid enabled flame-retardant, mechanically reinforced, and thermally conductive epoxy nanocomposites
Chen, Qiang, Liu, Lei, Zhang, Anlin, Wang, Wenduo, Wang, Zhengzhou, Zhang, Jianzhong, Feng, Jiabing, Huo, Siqi, Zeng, Xuesen and Song, Pingan. 2023. "An iron phenylphosphinate@graphene oxide nanohybrid enabled flame-retardant, mechanically reinforced, and thermally conductive epoxy nanocomposites." Chemical Engineering Journal. 454. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2022.140424
Durable flame-retardant, strong and tough epoxy resins with well-preserved thermal and optical properties via introducing a bio-based, phosphorus-phosphorus, hyperbranched oligomer
Ye, Guofeng, Huo, Siqi, Wang, Cheng, Song, Pingan, Fang, Zhengping, Wang, Hao and Liu, Zhitian. 2023. "Durable flame-retardant, strong and tough epoxy resins with well-preserved thermal and optical properties via introducing a bio-based, phosphorus-phosphorus, hyperbranched oligomer." Polymer Degradation and Stability. 207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.110235
A benzimidazolyl-substituted cyclotriphosphazene and its application in benzoxazine: Curing behaviors, thermal properties, and fire safety
Wu, Feifan, Wang, Jun, Wang, Jingsheng, Chen, Kaiwen, Yang, Shuang, Huo, Siqi and Wang, Hao. 2023. "A benzimidazolyl-substituted cyclotriphosphazene and its application in benzoxazine: Curing behaviors, thermal properties, and fire safety." Journal of Polymer Science. 61 (5), pp. 422-431. https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.20220586
Inherent flame-retardant vinyl ester resins with improved heat resistance enabled by additional P/N-containing cross-linking points
Qiu, Mei, Chen, Xi, Wang, Jun, Wang, Jingsheng, Chen, Kaiwen, Yang, Shuang, Huo, Siqi and Wang, Hao. 2023. "Inherent flame-retardant vinyl ester resins with improved heat resistance enabled by additional P/N-containing cross-linking points." Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 140 (23). https://doi.org/10.1002/app.53937
High-performance, intrinsically fire-safe, single-component epoxy resins and carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites based on two phosphorus-derived imidazoliums
Wang, Jingsheng, Chen, Xi, Wang, Jun, Yang, Shuang, Chen, Kaiwen, Zhu, Lu, Huo, Siqi, Song, Pingan and Wang, Hao. 2023. "High-performance, intrinsically fire-safe, single-component epoxy resins and carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites based on two phosphorus-derived imidazoliums." Polymer Degradation and Stability. 208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2023.110261
Facile Approach for Preparing Chitosan/Phosphaphenanthrene-Containing Epoxy Resins with Superior Flame Retardancy and Mechanical Properties
Zhou, Pengcheng, Wang, Junjie, Bai, Ting, Chevali, Venkata, You, Dan and Huo, Siqi. 2023. "Facile Approach for Preparing Chitosan/Phosphaphenanthrene-Containing Epoxy Resins with Superior Flame Retardancy and Mechanical Properties." ACS Applied Polymer Materials. 5 (6), pp. 4256-4265. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.3c00452
A phosphorus-containing tertiary amine hardener enabled flame retardant, heat resistant and mechanically strong yet tough epoxy resins
Yang, Qingshan, Wang, Jun, Chen, Xi, Yang, Shuang, Huo, Siqi, Chen, Qiufei, Guo, Pengzong, Wang, Xiao, Liu, Fu, Chen, Wei, Song, Pingan and Wang, Hao. 2023. "A phosphorus-containing tertiary amine hardener enabled flame retardant, heat resistant and mechanically strong yet tough epoxy resins." Chemical Engineering Journal. 468. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2023.143811
Flame-retardant poly (L-lactic acid) with enhanced UV protection and well-preserved mechanical properties by a furan-containing polyphosphoramide
Yu, Lingfeng, Huo, Siqi, Wang, Cheng, Ye, Guofeng, Song, Pingan, Feng, Jiabing, Fang, Zhenping, Wang, Hao and Liu, Zhitian. 2023. "Flame-retardant poly (L-lactic acid) with enhanced UV protection and well-preserved mechanical properties by a furan-containing polyphosphoramide." International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123707
Atom-economic synthesis of an oligomeric P/N-containing fire retardant towards fire-retarding and mechanically robust polylactide biocomposites
Feng, Jiabing, Lu, Yixia, Xie, Hongyan, Zhang, Yan, Huo, Siqi, Liu, Xiaohuan, Flynn, Matt, Xu, Zhiguang, Burey, Paulomi, Lynch, Mark, Wang, Hao and Song, Pingan. 2023. "Atom-economic synthesis of an oligomeric P/N-containing fire retardant towards fire-retarding and mechanically robust polylactide biocomposites." Journal of Materials Science and Technology. 160, pp. 86-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2023.04.003
A novel hyperbranched phosphorus-boron polymer for transparent, flame-retardant, smoke-suppressive, robust yet tough epoxy resins
Ye, Guofeng, Huo, Siqi, Wang, Cheng, Shi, Qiu, Yu, Lingfeng, Liu, Zhitian, Fang, Zhengping and Wang, Hao. 2021. "A novel hyperbranched phosphorus-boron polymer for transparent, flame-retardant, smoke-suppressive, robust yet tough epoxy resins." Composites Part B: Engineering. 227, pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2021.109395
One-step and green synthesis of a bio-based high-efficiency flame retardant for poly (lactic acid)
Ye, Guofeng, Huo, Siqi, Wang, Cheng, Shi, Qiu, Liu, Zhitian and Wang, Hao. 2021. "One-step and green synthesis of a bio-based high-efficiency flame retardant for poly (lactic acid)." Polymer Degradation and Stability. 192, pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2021.109696
Governing effects of melt viscosity on fire performances of polylactide and its fire-retardant systems
Yu, Yueming, Xi, Liangdong, Yao, Miaohong, Liu, Linghui, Zhang, Yan, Huo, Siqi, Fang, Zhengping and Song, Pingan. 2022. "Governing effects of melt viscosity on fire performances of polylactide and its fire-retardant systems." iScience. 25 (3), pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2022.103950
A hyperbranched P/N/B-containing oligomer as multifunctional flame retardant for epoxy resins
Huo, Siqi, Sai, Ting, Ran, Shiya, Guo, Zhenghong, Fang, Zhengping and Song, Pingan. 2022. "A hyperbranched P/N/B-containing oligomer as multifunctional flame retardant for epoxy resins." Composites Part B: Engineering. 234, pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2022.109701
Interface nanoengineering of a core-shell structured biobased fire retardant for fire-retarding polylactide with enhanced toughness and UV protection
Yu, Yueming, Zhang, Yan, Xi, Liangdong, Zhao, Zhinuo, Huo, Siqi, Huang, Guobo, Fang, Zhengping and Song, Pingan. 2022. "Interface nanoengineering of a core-shell structured biobased fire retardant for fire-retarding polylactide with enhanced toughness and UV protection." Journal of Cleaner Production. 336, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.130372
Flame-retardant, transparent, mechanically-strong and tough epoxy resin enabled by high-efficiency multifunctional boron-based polyphosphonamide
Huo, Siqi, Zhou, Zhongxiao, Jiang, Jiawei, Sai, Ting, Ran, Shiya, Fang, Zhengping, Song, Pingan and Wang, Hao. 2022. "Flame-retardant, transparent, mechanically-strong and tough epoxy resin enabled by high-efficiency multifunctional boron-based polyphosphonamide." Chemical Engineering Journal. 427, pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.131578
A Liquid Phosphaphenanthrene-Derived Imidazole for Improved Flame Retardancy and Smoke Suppression of Epoxy Resin
Huo, Siqi, Yang, Shuang, Wang, Jun, Cheng, Jianwen, Zhang, Qianqian, Hu, Yefa, Ding, Guoping, Zhang, Qiaoxin, Song, Pingan and Wang, Hao. 2020. "A Liquid Phosphaphenanthrene-Derived Imidazole for Improved Flame Retardancy and Smoke Suppression of Epoxy Resin." ACS Applied Polymer Materials. 2 (8), pp. 3566-3575. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.0c00577
Recent advances in fire-retardant rigid polyurethane foam
Zhu, Menghe, Ma, Zhewen, Liu, Lei, Zhang, Jianzhong, Huo, Siqi and Song, Pingan. 2021. "Recent advances in fire-retardant rigid polyurethane foam." Journal of Materials Science and Technology. 112, pp. 315-328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2021.09.062
Sulfonated Block Ionomers Enable Transparent, Fire-Resistant, Tough yet Strong Polycarbonate
Sai, Ting, Ran, Shiya, Huo, Siqi, Guo, Zhenghong, Song, Pingan and Fang, Zhengping. 2021. "Sulfonated Block Ionomers Enable Transparent, Fire-Resistant, Tough yet Strong Polycarbonate." Chemical Engineering Journal. 433, pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.133264
A phosphorus/silicon-based, hyperbranched polymer for high-performance, fire-safe, transparent epoxy resins
Shi, Qui, Huo, Siqi, Wang, Cheng, Ye, Guofeng, Yu, Lingfeng, Fang, Zhengping, Wang, Hao and Liu, Zhitian. 2022. "A phosphorus/silicon-based, hyperbranched polymer for high-performance, fire-safe, transparent epoxy resins." Polymer Degradation and Stability. 203, pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.110065
A phosphaphenanthrene-benzimidazole derivative for enhancing fire safety of epoxy resins
Xu, Yixiang, Wang, Junjie, Zhang, Wenbin, Huo, Siqi, Fang, Zhengping, Song, Pingan, Wang, Dong and Wang, Hao. 2022. "A phosphaphenanthrene-benzimidazole derivative for enhancing fire safety of epoxy resins." Reactive and Functional Polymers. 180, pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2022.105390
Phenylboronic acid-decorated ZrP nanosheets for enhancing fire resistance, smoke suppression, and water/acid/alkali tolerance of intumescent coatings
Wang, Cheng, Huo, Siqi, Ye, Guofeng, Shi, Qui, Fang, Zhengping, Wang, Hao and Liu, Zhitian. 2022. "Phenylboronic acid-decorated ZrP nanosheets for enhancing fire resistance, smoke suppression, and water/acid/alkali tolerance of intumescent coatings." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects. 655. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130292
Flame-retardant single-component epoxy resin cured by benzimidazolyl-substituted cyclotriphosphazene: Storage stability, curing behaviors and flame retardancy
Hu, Ben, Wang, Jun, Wang, Jingsheng, Yang, Shuang, Li, Chang, Wang, Fengyi, Huo, Siqi, Song, Pingan, Fang, Zhengping and Wang, Hao. 2022. "Flame-retardant single-component epoxy resin cured by benzimidazolyl-substituted cyclotriphosphazene: Storage stability, curing behaviors and flame retardancy." Polymer Degradation and Stability. 204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.110092
Facile fabrication of single-component flame-retardant epoxy resin with rapid curing capacity and satisfied thermal resistance
Zhao, ZeKun, Wang, Jun, Wang, Jingsheng, Chen, Kaiwen, Zhang, Bin, Chen, Qiufei, Guo, Pengzong, Wang, Xiao, Liu, Fu, Huo, Siqi and Yang, Shuang. 2022. "Facile fabrication of single-component flame-retardant epoxy resin with rapid curing capacity and satisfied thermal resistance." Reactive and Functional Polymers. 170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2021.105103
Corrigendum to ’A phosphorus/silicon-based, hyperbranched polymer for high-performance, fire-safe, transparent epoxy resins’ [Polymer Degradation and Stability, 203 (2022) 110065]
Shi, Qiu, Huo, Siqi, Wang, Cheng, Ye, Guofeng, Yu, Lingfeng, Fang, Zhengping, Wang, Hao and Liu, Zhitian. 2022. "Corrigendum to ’A phosphorus/silicon-based, hyperbranched polymer for high-performance, fire-safe, transparent epoxy resins’ [Polymer Degradation and Stability, 203 (2022) 110065]." Polymer Degradation and Stability. 204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.110105
Green and Facile Synthesis of Bio-Based, Flame-Retardant, Latent Imidazole Curing Agent for Single-Component Epoxy Resin
Wang, Jingsheng, Huo, Siqi, Wang, Jun, Yang, Shuang, Chen, Kaiwen, Li, Chang, Fang, De, Fang, Zhengping, Song, Pingan and Wang, Hao. 2022. "Green and Facile Synthesis of Bio-Based, Flame-Retardant, Latent Imidazole Curing Agent for Single-Component Epoxy Resin ." ACS Applied Polymer Materials. 4 (5), pp. 3564-3574. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.2c00138
Fully Biobased Surface-Functionalized Microcrystalline Cellulose via Green Self-Assembly toward Fire-Retardant, Strong, and Tough Epoxy Biocomposites
Lou, Gaobo, Ma, Zhewen, Dai, Jinfeng, Bai, Zhicheng, Fu, Shenyuan, Huo, Siqi, Qian, Lijun and Song, Pingan. 2021. "Fully Biobased Surface-Functionalized Microcrystalline Cellulose via Green Self-Assembly toward Fire-Retardant, Strong, and Tough Epoxy Biocomposites." ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering. 9 (40), pp. 13595-13605. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c04718
Mechanically Strong, Thermally Healable, and Recyclable Epoxy Vitrimers Enabled by ZnAl-Layer Double Hydroxides
Li, Gaoming, Zhang, Ping, Huo, Siqi, Fu, Yingke, Chen, Lin, Wu, Yeping, Zhang, Yingyu, Chen, Mao, Zhao, Xiuli and Song, Pingan. 2021. "Mechanically Strong, Thermally Healable, and Recyclable Epoxy Vitrimers Enabled by ZnAl-Layer Double Hydroxides." ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering. 9 (6), pp. 2580-2590. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c08636
A molecularly engineered bioderived polyphosphate for enhanced flame retardant, UV-blocking and mechanical properties of poly(lactic acid)
Zhang, Yan, Jing, Jian, Liu, Ting, Xi, Liangdong, Sai, Ting, Ran, Shiya, Fang, Zhengping, Huo, Siqi and Song, Pingan. 2021. "A molecularly engineered bioderived polyphosphate for enhanced flame retardant, UV-blocking and mechanical properties of poly(lactic acid)." Chemical Engineering Journal. 411, pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.128493
A highly fire-safe and smoke-suppressive single-component epoxy resin with switchable curing temperature and rapid curing rate
Yang, Shuang, Huo, Siqi, Wang, Jun, Zhang, Bin, Wang, Jingsheng, Ran, Shiya, Fang, Zhengping, Song, Pingan and Wang, Hao. 2021. "A highly fire-safe and smoke-suppressive single-component epoxy resin with switchable curing temperature and rapid curing rate." Composites Part B: Engineering. 207, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2020.108601
Phosphorus-containing flame retardant epoxy thermosets: Recent advances and future perspectives
Huo, Siqi, Song, Pingan, Yu, Bin, Ran, Shiya, Chevali, Venkata, Liu, Lei, Fang, Zhengping and Wang, Hao. 2021. "Phosphorus-containing flame retardant epoxy thermosets: Recent advances and future perspectives." Progress in Polymer Science. 114, pp. 1-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101366
Polyphosphoramide-intercalated MXene for simultaneously enhancing the thermal stability, flame retardancy and mechanical properties of polylactide
Xue, Yijiao, Feng, Jiabing, Huo, Siqi, Song, Pingan, Yu, Bin, Liu, Lei and Wang, Hao. 2020. "Polyphosphoramide-intercalated MXene for simultaneously enhancing the thermal stability, flame retardancy and mechanical properties of polylactide." Chemical Engineering Journal. 397, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.125336
Core–Shell Bioderived Flame Retardants Based on Chitosan/Alginate Coated Ammonia Polyphosphate for Enhancing Flame Retardancy of Polylactic Acid
Zhang, Yan, Xiong, Zhengquan, Ge, Haodong, Ni, Leikun, Zhang, Tao, Huo, Siqi, Song, Pingan and Fang, Zhengping. 2020. "Core–Shell Bioderived Flame Retardants Based on Chitosan/Alginate Coated Ammonia Polyphosphate for Enhancing Flame Retardancy of Polylactic Acid." ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering. 8 (16), pp. 6402-6412. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c00634
A liquid phosphorus-containing imidazole derivative as flame-retardant curing agent for epoxy resin with enhanced thermal latency, mechanical, and flame-retardant performances
Huo, Siqi, Yang, Shuang, Wang, Jun, Cheng, Jianwen, Zhang, Qianqian, Hu, Yefa, Ding, Guoping, Zhang, Qiaoxin and Song, Pingan. 2020. "A liquid phosphorus-containing imidazole derivative as flame-retardant curing agent for epoxy resin with enhanced thermal latency, mechanical, and flame-retardant performances." Journal of Hazardous Materials. 386, pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121984
Realizing simultaneous improvements in mechanical strength, flame retardancy and smoke suppression of ABS nanocomposites from multifunctional graphene
Huang, Guobo, Huo, Siqi, Xu, Xiaodong, Chen, Wei, Jin, Yanxian, Li, Rongrong, Song, Pingan and Wang, Hao. 2019. "Realizing simultaneous improvements in mechanical strength, flame retardancy and smoke suppression of ABS nanocomposites from multifunctional graphene." Composites Part B: Engineering. 177, pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.107377
A bio-based ionic complex with different oxidation states of phosphorus for reducing flammability and smoke release of epoxy resins
Fang, Fang, Huo, Siqi, Shen, Haifeng, Ran, Shiya, Wang, Hao, Song, Pingan and Fang, Zhengping. 2020. "A bio-based ionic complex with different oxidation states of phosphorus for reducing flammability and smoke release of epoxy resins." Composites Communications. 17, pp. 104-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coco.2019.11.011
Solid Wastes Toward Flame Retardants for Polymeric Materials: A Review
Gao, Chuanhua, Huo, Siqi and Cao, Zhenhu. 2021. "Solid Wastes Toward Flame Retardants for Polymeric Materials: A Review." Frontiers in Materials. 8, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2021.712188
Recycle of magnesium alloy scrap for improving fire resistance, thermal stability, and water tolerance of intumescent fire-retardant coatings
Wang, Cheng, Huo, Siqi, Liu, Shi, Hu, Qinghua, Zhang, Qi and Liu, Zhitian. 2021. "Recycle of magnesium alloy scrap for improving fire resistance, thermal stability, and water tolerance of intumescent fire-retardant coatings." Journal of Coatings Technology and Research. 18 (2), pp. 447-458. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11998-020-00413-5
A Novel Synergistic Flame Retardant of Hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphazene for Epoxy Resin
Jiang, Jiawei, Huo, Siqi, Zheng, Yi, Yang, Chengyun, Yan, Hongqiang, Ran, Shiya and Fang, Zhengping. 2021. "A Novel Synergistic Flame Retardant of Hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphazene for Epoxy Resin." Polymers. 13 (21), pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13213648
Fabrication and Mechanism Study of Cerium-Based P, N-Containing Complexes for Reducing Fire Hazards of Polycarbonate with Superior Thermostability and Toughness
Sai, Ting, Su, Yukai, Shen, Haifeng, Ran, Shiya, Huo, Siqi, Guo, Zhenghong and Fang, Zhengping. 2021. "Fabrication and Mechanism Study of Cerium-Based P, N-Containing Complexes for Reducing Fire Hazards of Polycarbonate with Superior Thermostability and Toughness." ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. 13 (25), pp. 30061-30075. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.1c07153
Exfoliated and functionalized boron nitride nanosheets towards improved fire resistance and water tolerance of intumescent fire retardant coating
Wang, Cheng, Huo, Siqi, Liu, Shi, Zhang, Qi and Liu, Zhitian. 2021. "Exfoliated and functionalized boron nitride nanosheets towards improved fire resistance and water tolerance of intumescent fire retardant coating." Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 138 (15). https://doi.org/10.1002/app.50177
Thermal properties and flame retardancy of an intumescent flame-retarded epoxy system containing phosphaphenanthrene, triazine-trione and piperidine
Huo, Siqi, Liu, Zhitian and Wang, Jun. 2020. "Thermal properties and flame retardancy of an intumescent flame-retarded epoxy system containing phosphaphenanthrene, triazine-trione and piperidine." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry: an international forum for thermal studies. 139 (2), pp. 1099-1110. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08467-3
Synthesis of a P/N/S-based flame retardant and its flame retardant effect on epoxy resin
Zhang, Qianqian, Wang, Jun, Yang, Shuang, Cheng, Jianwen, Ding, Guoping, Hu, Yefa and Huo, Siqi. 2020. "Synthesis of a P/N/S-based flame retardant and its flame retardant effect on epoxy resin." Fire Safety Journal. 113, pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2020.102994
Synergistic effect of polyhedral iron-cobalt alloys and graphite nanosheets with excellent microwave absorption performance
Su, Xiaogang, Wang, Jun, Zhang, Xiaoxiao, Huo, Siqi, Dai, Wei and Zhang, Bin. 2020. "Synergistic effect of polyhedral iron-cobalt alloys and graphite nanosheets with excellent microwave absorption performance." Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 829. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.154426
Study on the plastic deformation zone of Q235 steel via hammering tight seam
Wang, Yingwei, Dong, Xin, Huo, Siqi, Lv, Zhenhua, Ma, Zhongnan, Gao, Jinzhu, Gai, Xiuying and Wang, Rui. 2020. "Study on the plastic deformation zone of Q235 steel via hammering tight seam." Journal of Materials Research and Technology. 9 (4), pp. 7100-7103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.04.030
A P/N-containing flame retardant constructed by phosphaphenanthrene, phosphonate, and triazole and its flame retardant mechanism in reducing fire hazards of epoxy resin
Cheng, Jianwen, Duan, Huajun, Yang, Shuang, Wang, Jun, Zhang, Qianqian, Ding, Guoping, Hu, Yefa and Huo, Siqi. 2020. "A P/N-containing flame retardant constructed by phosphaphenanthrene, phosphonate, and triazole and its flame retardant mechanism in reducing fire hazards of epoxy resin." Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 137 (37). https://doi.org/10.1002/app.49090
One-step preparation of CoFe2O4/FeCo/graphite nanosheets hybrid composites with tunable microwave absorption performance
Su, Xiaogang, Wang, Jun, Zhang, Xiaoxiao, Huo, Siqi, Chen, Wei, Dai, Wei and Zhang, Bin. 2020. "One-step preparation of CoFe2O4/FeCo/graphite nanosheets hybrid composites with tunable microwave absorption performance." Ceramics International. 46 (8), pp. 12353-12363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.01.286
Intumescent fire retardant coating with recycled powder from industrial effluent optimized using response surface methodology
Liu, Shi, Wang, Cheng, Hu, Qinghua, Huo, Siqi, Zhang, Qi and Liu, Zhitian. 2020. "Intumescent fire retardant coating with recycled powder from industrial effluent optimized using response surface methodology." Progress in Organic Coatings. 140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2019.105494
Facile synthesis of cobalt-doped porous composites with amorphous carbon/zn shell for high-performance microwave absorption
Wu, Qilei, Jin, Huihui, Zhang, Bin, Huo, Siqi, Yang, Shuang, Su, Xiaogang and Wang, Jun. 2020. "Facile synthesis of cobalt-doped porous composites with amorphous carbon/zn shell for high-performance microwave absorption." Nanomaterials. 10 (2). https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10020330
Facile synthesis of Co-embedded porous spherical carbon composites derived from Co3O4/ZIF-8 compounds for broadband microwave absorption
Wu, Qilei, Wang, Jun, Jin, Huihui, Dong, Yawen, Huo, Siqi, Yang, Shuang, Su, Xiaogang and Zhang, Bin. 2020. "Facile synthesis of Co-embedded porous spherical carbon composites derived from Co3O4/ZIF-8 compounds for broadband microwave absorption." Composites Science and Technology. 195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2020.108206
A facile strategy to fabricate an intumescent fire-retardant coating with improved fire resistance and water tolerance for steel structure
Huo, Siqi, Wang, Cheng, Hu, Qinghua, Liu, Shi, Zhang, Qi and Liu, Zhitian. 2020. "A facile strategy to fabricate an intumescent fire-retardant coating with improved fire resistance and water tolerance for steel structure." Journal of Coatings Technology and Research. 17 (5), pp. 1401-1411. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11998-020-00360-1
Design of controlled-morphology NiCo2O4 with tunable and excellent microwave absorption performance
Su, Xiaogang, Wang, Jun, Zhang, Xiaoxiao, Huo, Siqi, Chen, Wei, Dai, Wei and Zhang, Bin. 2020. "Design of controlled-morphology NiCo2O4 with tunable and excellent microwave absorption performance." Ceramics International. 46 (6), pp. 7833-7841. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.12.002
Aminobenzothiazole-substituted cyclotriphosphazene derivative as reactive flame retardant for epoxy resin
Cheng, Jianwen, Wang, Jun, Yang, Shuang, Zhang, Qianqian, Hu, Yefa, Ding, Guoping and Huo, Siqi. 2020. "Aminobenzothiazole-substituted cyclotriphosphazene derivative as reactive flame retardant for epoxy resin." Reactive and Functional Polymers. 146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2019.104412
Synthesis of a phosphaphenanthrene/benzimidazole-based curing agent and its application in flame-retardant epoxy resin
Huo, Siqi, Liu, Zhitian, Li, Chuan, Wang, Xiaolei, Cai, Haopeng and Wang, Jun. 2019. "Synthesis of a phosphaphenanthrene/benzimidazole-based curing agent and its application in flame-retardant epoxy resin." Polymer Degradation and Stability. 163, pp. 100-109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2019.03.003
Synthesis of a DOPO-containing imidazole curing agent and its application in reactive flame retarded epoxy resin
Huo, Siqi, Wang, Jun, Yang, Shuang, Li, Chuan, Wang, Xiaolei and Cai, Haopeng. 2019. "Synthesis of a DOPO-containing imidazole curing agent and its application in reactive flame retarded epoxy resin." Polymer Degradation and Stability. 159, pp. 79-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2018.11.021
Preparation of flame-retardant cyanate ester with low dielectric constants and dissipation factors modified with novel phosphorus-contained Schiff base
Chen, Xi, Wang, Jun, Huo, Siqi, Yang, Shuang, Zhang, Bin and Cai, Haopeng. 2019. "Preparation of flame-retardant cyanate ester with low dielectric constants and dissipation factors modified with novel phosphorus-contained Schiff base." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry: an international forum for thermal studies. 135 (6), pp. 3153-3164. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-018-7507-1
MOF-derived graphitized porous carbon/Fe–Fe3C nanocomposites with broadband and enhanced microwave absorption performance
Yan, Tingyu, Wang, Jun, Wu, Qilei, Huo, Siqi and Duan, Huajun. 2019. "MOF-derived graphitized porous carbon/Fe–Fe3C nanocomposites with broadband and enhanced microwave absorption performance." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics. 30 (13), pp. 12012-12022. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-019-01558-9
Facile synthesis of reduced graphene oxide-wrapped CNFs with controllable chemical reduction degree for enhanced microwave absorption performance
Zhang, Xiaoxiao, Wang, Jun, Su, Xiaogang and Huo, Siqi. 2019. "Facile synthesis of reduced graphene oxide-wrapped CNFs with controllable chemical reduction degree for enhanced microwave absorption performance." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. 553, pp. 402-408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2019.06.055
Facile construction of one-component intrinsic flame-retardant epoxy resin system with fast curing ability using imidazole-blocked bismaleimide
Zhang, Qianqian, Wang, Jun, Yang, Shuang, Cheng, Jianwen, Ding, Guoping and Huo, Siqi. 2019. "Facile construction of one-component intrinsic flame-retardant epoxy resin system with fast curing ability using imidazole-blocked bismaleimide." Composites Part B: Engineering. 177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.107380
A DOPO based reactive flame retardant constructed by multiple heteroaromatic groups and its application on epoxy resin: curing behavior, thermal degradation and flame retardancy
Zhang, Qianqian, Yang, Shuang, Wang, Jun, Cheng, Jianwen, Zhang, Qiaoxin, Ding, Guoping, Hu, Yefa and Huo, Siqi. 2019. "A DOPO based reactive flame retardant constructed by multiple heteroaromatic groups and its application on epoxy resin: curing behavior, thermal degradation and flame retardancy." Polymer Degradation and Stability. 167, pp. 10-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2019.06.020
Design of hierarchical 1D–2D NiCo2O4 as high-performance microwave absorber with strong loss and wide absorbing frequency
Su, Xiaogang, Wang, Jun, Zhang, Xiaoxiao, Zhang, Bin, Huo, S., Wu, Qilei, Dai, Wei and Zou, Yi. 2019. "Design of hierarchical 1D–2D NiCo2O4 as high-performance microwave absorber with strong loss and wide absorbing frequency." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics. 30 (17), pp. 16287-16297. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-019-01999-2
Benzimidazolyl-substituted cyclotriphosphazene derivative as latent flame-retardant curing agent for one-component epoxy resin system with excellent comprehensive performance
Cheng, Jianwen, Wang, Jun, Yang, Shuang, Zhang, Qianqian, Huo, Siqi, Zhang, Qiaoxin, Hu, Yefa and Ding, Guoping. 2019. "Benzimidazolyl-substituted cyclotriphosphazene derivative as latent flame-retardant curing agent for one-component epoxy resin system with excellent comprehensive performance." Composites Part B: Engineering. 177, p. 107440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.107440
3D-structured assembly of RGO and Ag nanowires for enhanced microwave absorption performance epoxy composites
Zou, Yi, Wang, Jun, Zhang, Bin, Su, Xiaogang, Huo, Siqi, Yang, Shuang, Chen, Wei, Wang, Xiang and Wang, Junpeng. 2019. "3D-structured assembly of RGO and Ag nanowires for enhanced microwave absorption performance epoxy composites." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics. 30 (11), pp. 10321-10331. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-019-01370-5
Mg–Phenolic Network Strategy for Enhancing Corrosion Resistance and Osteocompatibility of Degradable Magnesium Alloys
Asgari, Mohammad, Yang, Ying, Yang, Shuang, Yu, Zhentao, Yarlagadda, Prasad K. D. V., Xiao, Yin and Li, Zhiyong. 2019. "Mg–Phenolic Network Strategy for Enhancing Corrosion Resistance and Osteocompatibility of Degradable Magnesium Alloys ." ACS Omega. 4 (26), pp. 21931-21944. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.9b02976
Synthesis of s-triazine based tri-imidazole derivatives and their application as thermal latent curing agents for epoxy resin
Yang, Shuang, Zhang, Qiaoxin, Hu, Yefa, Ding, Guoping, Wang, Jun, Huo, Siqi, Zhang, Bin and Cheng, Jianwen. 2018. "Synthesis of s-triazine based tri-imidazole derivatives and their application as thermal latent curing agents for epoxy resin." Materials Letters. 216, pp. 127-130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2017.12.122
Synthesis of Fe@Ni nanoparticles-modified graphene/epoxy composites with enhanced microwave absorption performance
Zhang, Bin, Wang, Jun, Tan, Haoyuan, Su, Xiaogang, Huo, Siqi, Yang, Shuang, Chen, Wei and Wang, Junpeng. 2018. "Synthesis of Fe@Ni nanoparticles-modified graphene/epoxy composites with enhanced microwave absorption performance." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics. 29 (4), pp. 3348-3357. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-017-8270-y
Synthesis of a novel reactive flame retardant containing phosphaphenanthrene and triazine-trione groups and its application in unsaturated polyester resin
Huo, Siqi, Wang, Jun, Yang, Shuang, Cai, Haopeng, Zhang, Bin, Chen, Xi, Wu, Qilei and Yang, Lingfeng. 2018. "Synthesis of a novel reactive flame retardant containing phosphaphenanthrene and triazine-trione groups and its application in unsaturated polyester resin." Materials Research Express. 5 (3). https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/aab2da
Synergistic effect between a novel triazine‐based flame retardant and DOPO/HPCP on epoxy resin
Huo, Siqi, Wang, Jun, Yang, Shuang, Cai, Haopeng, Zhang, Bin, Chen, Xi, Wu, Qilei and Yang, Lingfeng. 2018. "Synergistic effect between a novel triazine‐based flame retardant and DOPO/HPCP on epoxy resin." Polymers for Advanced Technologies. 29 (11), pp. 2774-2783. https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.4400
Study on properties of flame‐retardant cyanate esters modified with DOPO and triazine compounds
Chen, Xi, Wang, Jun, Huo, Siqi, Yang, Shuang, Zhang, Bin and Cai, Haopeng. 2018. "Study on properties of flame‐retardant cyanate esters modified with DOPO and triazine compounds." Polymers for Advanced Technologies. 29 (10), pp. 2574-2582. https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.4368
Preparation of flame-retardant cyanate ester resin combined with phosphorus-containing maleimide
Chen, Xi, Wang, Jun, Huo, Siqi, Yang, Shuang, Zhang, Bin and Cai, Haopeng. 2018. "Preparation of flame-retardant cyanate ester resin combined with phosphorus-containing maleimide." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry: an international forum for thermal studies. 132 (3), pp. 1617-1628. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-018-6979-3
Low content Ag-coated poly(acrylonitrile) microspheres and graphene for enhanced microwave absorption performance epoxy composites
Zhang, Bin, Wang, Jun, Chen, Xiaocheng, Su, Xiaogang, Zou, Yi, Huo, Siqi, Chen, Wei and Wang, Junpeng. 2018. "Low content Ag-coated poly(acrylonitrile) microspheres and graphene for enhanced microwave absorption performance epoxy composites." Materials Research Express. 5 (4). https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/aabd28
Graphitized nitrogen-doped porous carbon composites derived from ZIF-8 as efficient microwave absorption materials
Wu, Qilei, Jin, Huihui, Chen, Wei, Huo, Siqi, Chen, Xi, Su, Xiaogang, Wang, Hang and Wang, Jun. 2018. "Graphitized nitrogen-doped porous carbon composites derived from ZIF-8 as efficient microwave absorption materials." Materials Research Express. 5 (6). https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/aac67e
Flame-retardant performance and mechanism of epoxy thermosets modified with a novel reactive flame retardant containing phosphorus, nitrogen, and sulfur
Huo, Siqi, Wang, Jun, Yang, Shuang, Chen, Xi, Zhang, Bin, Wu, Qilei and Zhang, Bo. 2018. "Flame-retardant performance and mechanism of epoxy thermosets modified with a novel reactive flame retardant containing phosphorus, nitrogen, and sulfur." Polymers for Advanced Technologies. 29 (1), pp. 497-506. https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.4145
Enhanced microwave absorption property of epoxy nanocomposites based on PANI@Fe3O4@CNFs nanoparticles with three-phase heterostructure
Yang, Lingfeng, Cai, Haopeng, Zhang, Bin, Huo, Siqi and Chen, Xi. 2018. "Enhanced microwave absorption property of epoxy nanocomposites based on PANI@Fe3O4@CNFs nanoparticles with three-phase heterostructure." Materials Research Express. 5 (2). https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/aaab8d
Synthesis of a novel reactive flame retardant containing phosphaphenanthrene and piperidine groups and its application in epoxy resin
Huo, Siqi, Wang, Jun, Yang, Shuang, Zhang, Bin, Chen, Xi, Wu, Qilei and Yang, Lingfeng. 2017. "Synthesis of a novel reactive flame retardant containing phosphaphenanthrene and piperidine groups and its application in epoxy resin." Polymer Degradation and Stability. 146, pp. 250-259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2017.10.015
Enhanced microwave absorption properties of epoxy composites containing graphene decorated with core–shell Fe3O4@polypyrrole nanoparticles
Zhang, Bin, Wang, Jun, Su, Xiaogang, Duan, Huajun, Cai, Haopeng, Wang, Junpeng, Yang, Shuang and Huo, Siqi. 2017. "Enhanced microwave absorption properties of epoxy composites containing graphene decorated with core–shell Fe3O4@polypyrrole nanoparticles." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics. 28 (16), pp. 12122-12131. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-017-7026-z
Coprecipitation synthesis of hollow poly(acrylonitrile) microspheres@CoFe2O4 with graphene as lightweight microwave absorber
Zhang, Bin, Wang, Jun, Wang, Junpeng, Duan, Huajun, Huo, Siqi and Tang, Yushan. 2017. "Coprecipitation synthesis of hollow poly(acrylonitrile) microspheres@CoFe2O4 with graphene as lightweight microwave absorber." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics. 28 (4), pp. 3337-3348. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-016-5927-x
Synthesis of a phosphorus/nitrogen-containing compound based on maleimide and cyclotriphosphazene and its flame-retardant mechanism on epoxy resin
Yang, Shuang, Wang, Jun, Huo, Siqi, Wang, Junpeng and Tang, Yushan. 2016. "Synthesis of a phosphorus/nitrogen-containing compound based on maleimide and cyclotriphosphazene and its flame-retardant mechanism on epoxy resin." Polymer Degradation and Stability. 126, pp. 9-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2016.01.011
Synthesis of a novel phosphorus-nitrogen type flame retardant composed of maleimide, triazine-trione, and phosphaphenanthrene and its flame retardant effect on epoxy resin
Huo, Siqi, Wang, Jun, Yang, Shuang, Wang, Junpeng, Zhang, Bin, Zhang, Bo, Chen, Xi and Tang, Yushan. 2016. "Synthesis of a novel phosphorus-nitrogen type flame retardant composed of maleimide, triazine-trione, and phosphaphenanthrene and its flame retardant effect on epoxy resin." Polymer Degradation and Stability. 131, pp. 106-113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2016.07.013
Synergistic flame-retardant effect of expandable graphite and phosphorus-containing compounds for epoxy resin: Strong bonding of different carbon residues
Yang, Shuang, Wang, Jun, Huo, Siqi, Wang, Mei, Wang, Junpeng and Zhang, Bin. 2016. "Synergistic flame-retardant effect of expandable graphite and phosphorus-containing compounds for epoxy resin: Strong bonding of different carbon residues." Polymer Degradation and Stability. 128, pp. 89-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2016.03.017
Preparation and flame retardancy of DOPO–based epoxy resin containing bismaleimide
Wang, Tao, Wang, Jun, Huo, Siqi, Zhang, Bin and Yang, Shuang. 2016. "Preparation and flame retardancy of DOPO–based epoxy resin containing bismaleimide." High Performance Polymers. 28 (9), pp. 1090-1095. https://doi.org/10.1177/0954008316631591
A phosphorus-containing phenolic derivative and its application in benzoxazine resins: Curing behavior, thermal, and flammability properties
Huo, Siqi, Wang, Jun, Yang, Shuang, Zhang, Bin and Tang, Yushan. 2016. "A phosphorus-containing phenolic derivative and its application in benzoxazine resins: Curing behavior, thermal, and flammability properties." Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 133 (19), pp. 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.43403
Microwave absorption properties of lightweight absorber based on Fe50Ni50-coated poly(acrylonitrile) microspheres and reduced graphene oxide composites
Zhang, Bin, Wang, Jun, Wang, Junpeng, Huo, Siqi, Zhang, Bin and Tang, Yushan. 2016. "Microwave absorption properties of lightweight absorber based on Fe50Ni50-coated poly(acrylonitrile) microspheres and reduced graphene oxide composites." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials. 413, pp. 81-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2016.04.014
Synthesis of a Phosphorus/Nitrogen-Containing Additive with Multifunctional Groups and Its Flame-Retardant Effect in Epoxy Resin
Yang, Shuang, Wang, Jun, Huo, Siqi, Wang, Mei and Cheng, Liufeng. 2015. "Synthesis of a Phosphorus/Nitrogen-Containing Additive with Multifunctional Groups and Its Flame-Retardant Effect in Epoxy Resin." Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research. 54 (32), pp. 7777-7786. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5b02026
The synergistic effect of maleimide and phosphaphenanthrene groups on a reactive flame-retarded epoxy resin system
Yang, Shuang, Wang, Jun, Huo, Siqi, Cheng, Liufeng and Wang, Mei. 2015. "The synergistic effect of maleimide and phosphaphenanthrene groups on a reactive flame-retarded epoxy resin system." Polymer Degradation and Stability. 115, pp. 63-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2015.02.016
Preparation and flame retardancy of a compounded epoxy resin system composed of phosphorus/nitrogen-containing active compounds
Yang, Shuang, Wang, Jun, Huo, Siqi, Wang, Mei and Wang, Junpeng. 2015. "Preparation and flame retardancy of a compounded epoxy resin system composed of phosphorus/nitrogen-containing active compounds." Polymer Degradation and Stability. 121, pp. 398-406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2015.10.006