Synthesis of a Phosphorus/Nitrogen-Containing Additive with Multifunctional Groups and Its Flame-Retardant Effect in Epoxy Resin
Article
Yang, Shuang, Wang, Jun, Huo, Siqi, Wang, Mei and Cheng, Liufeng. 2015. "Synthesis of a Phosphorus/Nitrogen-Containing Additive with Multifunctional Groups and Its Flame-Retardant Effect in Epoxy Resin." Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research. 54 (32), pp. 7777-7786. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5b02026
Article Title | Synthesis of a Phosphorus/Nitrogen-Containing Additive with Multifunctional Groups and Its Flame-Retardant Effect in Epoxy Resin |
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ERA Journal ID | 3890 |
Article Category | Article |
Authors | Yang, Shuang, Wang, Jun, Huo, Siqi, Wang, Mei and Cheng, Liufeng |
Journal Title | Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research |
Journal Citation | 54 (32), pp. 7777-7786 |
Number of Pages | 10 |
Year | 2015 |
Publisher | ACS Publications |
Place of Publication | United States |
ISSN | 0888-5885 |
1520-5045 | |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5b02026 |
Web Address (URL) | https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.iecr.5b02026 |
Abstract | A novel additive, tri(phosphaphenanthrene-maleimide-phenoxyl)-triazine (DOPO-TMT), was successfully synthesized. The chemical structure was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance. DOPO-TMT was blended with epoxy resins to prepare flame-retardant thermosets. The flame-retardant properties were evaluated using limited oxygen index (LOI), vertical burning (UL94), and cone calorimeter tests. The results indicated that DOPO-TMT exhibited excellent flame-retardant effect. The flame-retardant mechanism was studied by thermogravimeric analysis (TGA), pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and thermogravimetric analysis/infrared spectrometry (TGA-FTIR) coupled with the morphology and chemical analysis of the char residues. The results disclosed that DOPO-TMT exerted biphase flame-retardant effect. In gaseous-phase, DOPO-TMT released phosphorus- and nitrogen-containing free radicals with quenching effect under thermal decomposition. The morphologies of the char residues exhibited intumescent and honeycombed structure with a small number of holes on the surfaces. The honeycombed char structure served as an excellent protective layer. A few number of holes on the surface facilitated the concentrated release of free radicals to implement a strong quenching effect. The functional groups of DOPO-TMT synergistically interacted to endow epoxy resin with excellent flame retardancy. © 2015 American Chemical Society. |
Keywords | Free radicals; Mass spectrometry; Organic polymers; Redox reactions; Triazine |
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 401609. Polymers and plastics |
Public Notes | Files associated with this item cannot be displayed due to copyright restrictions. |
Byline Affiliations | Wuhan University of Technology, China |
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