A phosphorus-containing tertiary amine hardener enabled flame retardant, heat resistant and mechanically strong yet tough epoxy resins
Article
Article Title | A phosphorus-containing tertiary amine hardener enabled flame retardant, heat resistant and mechanically strong yet tough epoxy resins |
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ERA Journal ID | 3854 |
Article Category | Article |
Authors | Yang, Qingshan, Wang, Jun, Chen, Xi, Yang, Shuang, Huo, Siqi, Chen, Qiufei, Guo, Pengzong, Wang, Xiao, Liu, Fu, Chen, Wei, Song, Pingan and Wang, Hao |
Journal Title | Chemical Engineering Journal |
Journal Citation | 468 |
Article Number | 143811 |
Number of Pages | 13 |
Year | 2023 |
Publisher | Elsevier |
Place of Publication | Netherlands |
ISSN | 1385-8947 |
1873-3212 | |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2023.143811 |
Web Address (URL) | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1385894723025421 |
Abstract | Although current phosphorus (P)-based hardeners endowed epoxy resins (EPs) with intrinsic flame retardancy, their addition usually reduced thermal and mechanical properties. In this work, a novel phosphorus-containing tertiary amine hardener (DCM) was synthesized using diphenylphosphinic chloride and 2,4,6-tris(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol (DMP-30), and applied to fabricate high-performance EP/DCM. Introducing P-containing group reduced the reactivity of tertiary amine of DCM, but EP/DCM gelled at 100 °C within 11.3 min, showing modest-temperature curing character. EP/DCM exhibited higher glass-transition temperature (Tg) and char yield than virgin EP/DMP-30. Moreover, EP/DCM featured superior mechanical properties, of which the tensile strength, elongation at break and impact strength increased by 61.2%, 72.0% and 198.5%, respectively, relative to those of EP/DMP-30. DCM endowed EP thermosets with remarkable flame retardancy and smoke suppression. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) and UL-94 rating of EP/DCM reached 35.7% and V-0, respectively, with 36.2% and 22.6% reductions in peak heat release rate (PHRR) and peak smoke production rate (PSPR) compared with those of EP/DMP-30. This work pioneers an innovative strategy for creating high-performance EPs with satisfactory heat resistance, fire safety, and mechanical properties by curing with P-containing tertiary amine hardeners. |
Keywords | Epoxy resin; Phosphorus-containing tertiary amine hardener; Thermal properties; Flame retardancy; Mechanical properties |
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 401609. Polymers and plastics |
Public Notes | Files associated with this item cannot be displayed due to copyright restrictions. |
Byline Affiliations | Wuhan University of Technology, China |
Centre for Future Materials | |
Zhongfu Shenying Carbon Fiber, China | |
Hubei University of Technology, China | |
School of Agriculture and Environmental Science |
https://research.usq.edu.au/item/yyv64/a-phosphorus-containing-tertiary-amine-hardener-enabled-flame-retardant-heat-resistant-and-mechanically-strong-yet-tough-epoxy-resins
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