A Novel Synergistic Flame Retardant of Hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphazene for Epoxy Resin

Article

Jiang, Jiawei, Huo, Siqi, Zheng, Yi, Yang, Chengyun, Yan, Hongqiang, Ran, Shiya and Fang, Zhengping. 2021. "A Novel Synergistic Flame Retardant of Hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphazene for Epoxy Resin." Polymers. 13 (21), pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13213648
Article Title

A Novel Synergistic Flame Retardant of
Hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphazene for Epoxy Resin

ERA Journal ID201391
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsJiang, Jiawei, Huo, Siqi, Zheng, Yi, Yang, Chengyun, Yan, Hongqiang, Ran, Shiya and Fang, Zhengping
Journal TitlePolymers
Journal Citation13 (21), pp. 1-15
Article Number3648
Number of Pages15
Year2021
PublisherMDPI AG
Place of PublicationSwitzerland
ISSN2073-4360
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13213648
Web Address (URL)https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/21/3648
Abstract

Hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphazene (HPCP) is a common flame retardant for epoxy resin (EP). To improve the thermostability and fire safety of HPCP-containing EP, we combined UiO66-NH2 (a kind of metal-organic frame, MOF) with halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) by hydrothermal reaction to create a novel synergistic flame retardant (H-U) of HPCP for EP. For the EP containing HPCP and H-U, the initial decomposition temperature (T5%) and the temperature of maximum decomposition rate (Tmax) increased by 11 and 17◦ C under nitrogen atmosphere compared with those of the EP containing only HPCP. Meanwhile, the EP containing HPCP and H-U exhibited better tensile and flexural properties due to the addition of rigid nanoparticles. Notably, the EP containing HPCP and H-U reached a V-0 rating in UL-94 test and a limited oxygen index (LOI) of 35.2%. However, with the introduction of H-U, the flame retardant performances of EP composites were weakened in the cone calorimeter test, which was probably due to the decreased height of intumescent residual char.

KeywordsEpoxy resin; Flame retardancy; Halloysite nanotubes; Hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphazene; Mechanical properties; Metal-organic frame
Contains Sensitive ContentDoes not contain sensitive content
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020401609. Polymers and plastics
Byline AffiliationsNingboTech University, China
Zhejiang University, China
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Durable flame-retardant, strong and tough epoxy resins with well-preserved thermal and optical properties via introducing a bio-based, phosphorus-phosphorus, hyperbranched oligomer
Ye, Guofeng, Huo, Siqi, Wang, Cheng, Song, Pingan, Fang, Zhengping, Wang, Hao and Liu, Zhitian. 2023. "Durable flame-retardant, strong and tough epoxy resins with well-preserved thermal and optical properties via introducing a bio-based, phosphorus-phosphorus, hyperbranched oligomer." Polymer Degradation and Stability. 207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.110235
A benzimidazolyl-substituted cyclotriphosphazene and its application in benzoxazine: Curing behaviors, thermal properties, and fire safety
Wu, Feifan, Wang, Jun, Wang, Jingsheng, Chen, Kaiwen, Yang, Shuang, Huo, Siqi and Wang, Hao. 2023. "A benzimidazolyl-substituted cyclotriphosphazene and its application in benzoxazine: Curing behaviors, thermal properties, and fire safety." Journal of Polymer Science. 61 (5), pp. 422-431. https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.20220586
Inherent flame-retardant vinyl ester resins with improved heat resistance enabled by additional P/N-containing cross-linking points
Qiu, Mei, Chen, Xi, Wang, Jun, Wang, Jingsheng, Chen, Kaiwen, Yang, Shuang, Huo, Siqi and Wang, Hao. 2023. "Inherent flame-retardant vinyl ester resins with improved heat resistance enabled by additional P/N-containing cross-linking points." Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 140 (23). https://doi.org/10.1002/app.53937
High-performance, intrinsically fire-safe, single-component epoxy resins and carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites based on two phosphorus-derived imidazoliums
Wang, Jingsheng, Chen, Xi, Wang, Jun, Yang, Shuang, Chen, Kaiwen, Zhu, Lu, Huo, Siqi, Song, Pingan and Wang, Hao. 2023. "High-performance, intrinsically fire-safe, single-component epoxy resins and carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites based on two phosphorus-derived imidazoliums." Polymer Degradation and Stability. 208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2023.110261
Facile Approach for Preparing Chitosan/Phosphaphenanthrene-Containing Epoxy Resins with Superior Flame Retardancy and Mechanical Properties
Zhou, Pengcheng, Wang, Junjie, Bai, Ting, Chevali, Venkata, You, Dan and Huo, Siqi. 2023. "Facile Approach for Preparing Chitosan/Phosphaphenanthrene-Containing Epoxy Resins with Superior Flame Retardancy and Mechanical Properties." ACS Applied Polymer Materials. 5 (6), pp. 4256-4265. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.3c00452
A phosphorus-containing tertiary amine hardener enabled flame retardant, heat resistant and mechanically strong yet tough epoxy resins
Yang, Qingshan, Wang, Jun, Chen, Xi, Yang, Shuang, Huo, Siqi, Chen, Qiufei, Guo, Pengzong, Wang, Xiao, Liu, Fu, Chen, Wei, Song, Pingan and Wang, Hao. 2023. "A phosphorus-containing tertiary amine hardener enabled flame retardant, heat resistant and mechanically strong yet tough epoxy resins." Chemical Engineering Journal. 468. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2023.143811
Flame-retardant poly (L-lactic acid) with enhanced UV protection and well-preserved mechanical properties by a furan-containing polyphosphoramide
Yu, Lingfeng, Huo, Siqi, Wang, Cheng, Ye, Guofeng, Song, Pingan, Feng, Jiabing, Fang, Zhenping, Wang, Hao and Liu, Zhitian. 2023. "Flame-retardant poly (L-lactic acid) with enhanced UV protection and well-preserved mechanical properties by a furan-containing polyphosphoramide." International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123707
Atom-economic synthesis of an oligomeric P/N-containing fire retardant towards fire-retarding and mechanically robust polylactide biocomposites
Feng, Jiabing, Lu, Yixia, Xie, Hongyan, Zhang, Yan, Huo, Siqi, Liu, Xiaohuan, Flynn, Matt, Xu, Zhiguang, Burey, Paulomi, Lynch, Mark, Wang, Hao and Song, Pingan. 2023. "Atom-economic synthesis of an oligomeric P/N-containing fire retardant towards fire-retarding and mechanically robust polylactide biocomposites." Journal of Materials Science and Technology. 160, pp. 86-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2023.04.003
A novel hyperbranched phosphorus-boron polymer for transparent, flame-retardant, smoke-suppressive, robust yet tough epoxy resins
Ye, Guofeng, Huo, Siqi, Wang, Cheng, Shi, Qiu, Yu, Lingfeng, Liu, Zhitian, Fang, Zhengping and Wang, Hao. 2021. "A novel hyperbranched phosphorus-boron polymer for transparent, flame-retardant, smoke-suppressive, robust yet tough epoxy resins." Composites Part B: Engineering. 227, pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2021.109395
One-step and green synthesis of a bio-based high-efficiency flame retardant for poly (lactic acid)
Ye, Guofeng, Huo, Siqi, Wang, Cheng, Shi, Qiu, Liu, Zhitian and Wang, Hao. 2021. "One-step and green synthesis of a bio-based high-efficiency flame retardant for poly (lactic acid)." Polymer Degradation and Stability. 192, pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2021.109696
Governing effects of melt viscosity on fire performances of polylactide and its fire-retardant systems
Yu, Yueming, Xi, Liangdong, Yao, Miaohong, Liu, Linghui, Zhang, Yan, Huo, Siqi, Fang, Zhengping and Song, Pingan. 2022. "Governing effects of melt viscosity on fire performances of polylactide and its fire-retardant systems." iScience. 25 (3), pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2022.103950
A hyperbranched P/N/B-containing oligomer as multifunctional flame retardant for epoxy resins
Huo, Siqi, Sai, Ting, Ran, Shiya, Guo, Zhenghong, Fang, Zhengping and Song, Pingan. 2022. "A hyperbranched P/N/B-containing oligomer as multifunctional flame retardant for epoxy resins." Composites Part B: Engineering. 234, pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2022.109701
Interface nanoengineering of a core-shell structured biobased fire retardant for fire-retarding polylactide with enhanced toughness and UV protection
Yu, Yueming, Zhang, Yan, Xi, Liangdong, Zhao, Zhinuo, Huo, Siqi, Huang, Guobo, Fang, Zhengping and Song, Pingan. 2022. "Interface nanoengineering of a core-shell structured biobased fire retardant for fire-retarding polylactide with enhanced toughness and UV protection." Journal of Cleaner Production. 336, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.130372
Flame-retardant, transparent, mechanically-strong and tough epoxy resin enabled by high-efficiency multifunctional boron-based polyphosphonamide
Huo, Siqi, Zhou, Zhongxiao, Jiang, Jiawei, Sai, Ting, Ran, Shiya, Fang, Zhengping, Song, Pingan and Wang, Hao. 2022. "Flame-retardant, transparent, mechanically-strong and tough epoxy resin enabled by high-efficiency multifunctional boron-based polyphosphonamide." Chemical Engineering Journal. 427, pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.131578
A Liquid Phosphaphenanthrene-Derived Imidazole for Improved Flame Retardancy and Smoke Suppression of Epoxy Resin
Huo, Siqi, Yang, Shuang, Wang, Jun, Cheng, Jianwen, Zhang, Qianqian, Hu, Yefa, Ding, Guoping, Zhang, Qiaoxin, Song, Pingan and Wang, Hao. 2020. "A Liquid Phosphaphenanthrene-Derived Imidazole for Improved Flame Retardancy and Smoke Suppression of Epoxy Resin." ACS Applied Polymer Materials. 2 (8), pp. 3566-3575. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.0c00577
Recent advances in fire-retardant carbon-based polymeric nanocomposites through fighting free radicals
Sai, Ting, Ran, Shiya, Guo, Zhenghong, Song, Pingan and Fang, Zhengping. 2022. "Recent advances in fire-retardant carbon-based polymeric nanocomposites through fighting free radicals ." SusMat. 2 (4), pp. 411-434. https://doi.org/10.1002/sus2.73
Green and Facile Synthesis of Bio-Based, Flame-Retardant, Latent Imidazole Curing Agent for Single-Component Epoxy Resin
Wang, Jingsheng, Huo, Siqi, Wang, Jun, Yang, Shuang, Chen, Kaiwen, Li, Chang, Fang, De, Fang, Zhengping, Song, Pingan and Wang, Hao. 2022. "Green and Facile Synthesis of Bio-Based, Flame-Retardant, Latent Imidazole Curing Agent for Single-Component Epoxy Resin ." ACS Applied Polymer Materials. 4 (5), pp. 3564-3574. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.2c00138
Recent advances in fire-retardant rigid polyurethane foam
Zhu, Menghe, Ma, Zhewen, Liu, Lei, Zhang, Jianzhong, Huo, Siqi and Song, Pingan. 2021. "Recent advances in fire-retardant rigid polyurethane foam." Journal of Materials Science and Technology. 112, pp. 315-328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2021.09.062
Sulfonated Block Ionomers Enable Transparent, Fire-Resistant, Tough yet Strong Polycarbonate
Sai, Ting, Ran, Shiya, Huo, Siqi, Guo, Zhenghong, Song, Pingan and Fang, Zhengping. 2021. "Sulfonated Block Ionomers Enable Transparent, Fire-Resistant, Tough yet Strong Polycarbonate." Chemical Engineering Journal. 433, pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.133264
Improved thermal stability of polyethylene with rare earth trifluoromethanesulfonate
Ran, Shiya, Guo, Zhenghong, Fang, Zhengping, Li, Juan and Wang, Hao. 2018. "Improved thermal stability of polyethylene with rare earth trifluoromethanesulfonate." Composites Communications. 8, pp. 19-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coco.2018.03.001
Construction of multilayer coatings for flame retardancy of ramie fabric using layer-by-layer assembly
Yan, Hongqiang, Zhao, Li, Fang, Zhengping and Wang, Hao. 2017. "Construction of multilayer coatings for flame retardancy of ramie fabric using layer-by-layer assembly." Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 134 (48), pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.45556
Application of poly(diphenolic acid-phenyl phosphate)-based layer by layer nanocoating in flame retardant ramie fabrics
Yan, Hongqiang, Li, Nannan, Fang, Zhengping and Wang, Hao. 2017. "Application of poly(diphenolic acid-phenyl phosphate)-based layer by layer nanocoating in flame retardant ramie fabrics." Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 134 (20), pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.44795
A phosphorus/silicon-based, hyperbranched polymer for high-performance, fire-safe, transparent epoxy resins
Shi, Qui, Huo, Siqi, Wang, Cheng, Ye, Guofeng, Yu, Lingfeng, Fang, Zhengping, Wang, Hao and Liu, Zhitian. 2022. "A phosphorus/silicon-based, hyperbranched polymer for high-performance, fire-safe, transparent epoxy resins." Polymer Degradation and Stability. 203, pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.110065
A phosphaphenanthrene-benzimidazole derivative for enhancing fire safety of epoxy resins
Xu, Yixiang, Wang, Junjie, Zhang, Wenbin, Huo, Siqi, Fang, Zhengping, Song, Pingan, Wang, Dong and Wang, Hao. 2022. "A phosphaphenanthrene-benzimidazole derivative for enhancing fire safety of epoxy resins." Reactive and Functional Polymers. 180, pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2022.105390
Phenylboronic acid-decorated ZrP nanosheets for enhancing fire resistance, smoke suppression, and water/acid/alkali tolerance of intumescent coatings
Wang, Cheng, Huo, Siqi, Ye, Guofeng, Shi, Qui, Fang, Zhengping, Wang, Hao and Liu, Zhitian. 2022. "Phenylboronic acid-decorated ZrP nanosheets for enhancing fire resistance, smoke suppression, and water/acid/alkali tolerance of intumescent coatings." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects. 655. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130292
Flame-retardant single-component epoxy resin cured by benzimidazolyl-substituted cyclotriphosphazene: Storage stability, curing behaviors and flame retardancy
Hu, Ben, Wang, Jun, Wang, Jingsheng, Yang, Shuang, Li, Chang, Wang, Fengyi, Huo, Siqi, Song, Pingan, Fang, Zhengping and Wang, Hao. 2022. "Flame-retardant single-component epoxy resin cured by benzimidazolyl-substituted cyclotriphosphazene: Storage stability, curing behaviors and flame retardancy." Polymer Degradation and Stability. 204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.110092
Facile fabrication of single-component flame-retardant epoxy resin with rapid curing capacity and satisfied thermal resistance
Zhao, ZeKun, Wang, Jun, Wang, Jingsheng, Chen, Kaiwen, Zhang, Bin, Chen, Qiufei, Guo, Pengzong, Wang, Xiao, Liu, Fu, Huo, Siqi and Yang, Shuang. 2022. "Facile fabrication of single-component flame-retardant epoxy resin with rapid curing capacity and satisfied thermal resistance." Reactive and Functional Polymers. 170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2021.105103
Corrigendum to ’A phosphorus/silicon-based, hyperbranched polymer for high-performance, fire-safe, transparent epoxy resins’ [Polymer Degradation and Stability, 203 (2022) 110065]
Shi, Qiu, Huo, Siqi, Wang, Cheng, Ye, Guofeng, Yu, Lingfeng, Fang, Zhengping, Wang, Hao and Liu, Zhitian. 2022. "Corrigendum to ’A phosphorus/silicon-based, hyperbranched polymer for high-performance, fire-safe, transparent epoxy resins’ [Polymer Degradation and Stability, 203 (2022) 110065]." Polymer Degradation and Stability. 204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.110105
Aqueous Self-Assembly of Bio-Based Flame Retardants for Fire-Retardant, Smoke-Suppressive, and Toughened Polylactic Acid
Liu, Linghui, Yao, Miaohong, Zhang, Huan, Zhang, Yan, Feng, Jiabeng, Fang, Zhengping and Song, Pingan. 2022. "Aqueous Self-Assembly of Bio-Based Flame Retardants for Fire-Retardant, Smoke-Suppressive, and Toughened Polylactic Acid." ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering. 10 (49), p. 16313–16323. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c05298
Fully Biobased Surface-Functionalized Microcrystalline Cellulose via Green Self-Assembly toward Fire-Retardant, Strong, and Tough Epoxy Biocomposites
Lou, Gaobo, Ma, Zhewen, Dai, Jinfeng, Bai, Zhicheng, Fu, Shenyuan, Huo, Siqi, Qian, Lijun and Song, Pingan. 2021. "Fully Biobased Surface-Functionalized Microcrystalline Cellulose via Green Self-Assembly toward Fire-Retardant, Strong, and Tough Epoxy Biocomposites." ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering. 9 (40), pp. 13595-13605. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c04718
Mechanically Strong, Thermally Healable, and Recyclable Epoxy Vitrimers Enabled by ZnAl-Layer Double Hydroxides
Li, Gaoming, Zhang, Ping, Huo, Siqi, Fu, Yingke, Chen, Lin, Wu, Yeping, Zhang, Yingyu, Chen, Mao, Zhao, Xiuli and Song, Pingan. 2021. "Mechanically Strong, Thermally Healable, and Recyclable Epoxy Vitrimers Enabled by ZnAl-Layer Double Hydroxides." ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering. 9 (6), pp. 2580-2590. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c08636
A molecularly engineered bioderived polyphosphate for enhanced flame retardant, UV-blocking and mechanical properties of poly(lactic acid)
Zhang, Yan, Jing, Jian, Liu, Ting, Xi, Liangdong, Sai, Ting, Ran, Shiya, Fang, Zhengping, Huo, Siqi and Song, Pingan. 2021. "A molecularly engineered bioderived polyphosphate for enhanced flame retardant, UV-blocking and mechanical properties of poly(lactic acid)." Chemical Engineering Journal. 411, pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.128493
A highly fire-safe and smoke-suppressive single-component epoxy resin with switchable curing temperature and rapid curing rate
Yang, Shuang, Huo, Siqi, Wang, Jun, Zhang, Bin, Wang, Jingsheng, Ran, Shiya, Fang, Zhengping, Song, Pingan and Wang, Hao. 2021. "A highly fire-safe and smoke-suppressive single-component epoxy resin with switchable curing temperature and rapid curing rate." Composites Part B: Engineering. 207, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2020.108601
Water governs the mechanical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)
Li, Lujuan, Xu, Xiaodong, Liu, Lei, Song, Pingan, Cao, Qianqian, Xu, Zhiguang, Fang, Zhengping and Wang, Hao. 2021. "Water governs the mechanical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)." Polymer. 213, pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123330
Transparent, highly thermostable and flame retardant polycarbonate enabled by rod-like phosphorous-containing metal complex aggregates
Sai, Ting, Ran, Shiya, Guo, Zhenghong, Yan, Hongqiang, Zhang, Yan, Wang, Hao, Song, Pingan and Fang, Zhengping. 2021. "Transparent, highly thermostable and flame retardant polycarbonate enabled by rod-like phosphorous-containing metal complex aggregates." Chemical Engineering Journal. 409, pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.128223
Phosphorus-containing flame retardant epoxy thermosets: Recent advances and future perspectives
Huo, Siqi, Song, Pingan, Yu, Bin, Ran, Shiya, Chevali, Venkata, Liu, Lei, Fang, Zhengping and Wang, Hao. 2021. "Phosphorus-containing flame retardant epoxy thermosets: Recent advances and future perspectives." Progress in Polymer Science. 114, pp. 1-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101366
Flame retardant polymeric nanocomposites through the combination of nanomaterials and conventional flame retardants
He, Wentao, Song, Pingan, Yu, Bin, Fang, Zhengping and Wang, Hao. 2020. "Flame retardant polymeric nanocomposites through the combination of nanomaterials and conventional flame retardants." Progress in Materials Science. 114, pp. 1-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2020.100687
Polyphosphoramide-intercalated MXene for simultaneously enhancing the thermal stability, flame retardancy and mechanical properties of polylactide
Xue, Yijiao, Feng, Jiabing, Huo, Siqi, Song, Pingan, Yu, Bin, Liu, Lei and Wang, Hao. 2020. "Polyphosphoramide-intercalated MXene for simultaneously enhancing the thermal stability, flame retardancy and mechanical properties of polylactide." Chemical Engineering Journal. 397, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.125336
Deposition growth of Zr-based MOFs on cerium phenylphosphonate lamella towards enhanced thermal stability and fire safety of polycarbonate
Sai, Ting, Ran, Shiya, Guo, Zhenghong, Yan, Hongqiang, Zhang, Yan, Song, Pingan, Zhang, Tao, Wang, Hao and Fang, Zhengping. 2020. "Deposition growth of Zr-based MOFs on cerium phenylphosphonate lamella towards enhanced thermal stability and fire safety of polycarbonate." Composites Part B: Engineering. 197, pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2020.108064
Core–Shell Bioderived Flame Retardants Based on Chitosan/Alginate Coated Ammonia Polyphosphate for Enhancing Flame Retardancy of Polylactic Acid
Zhang, Yan, Xiong, Zhengquan, Ge, Haodong, Ni, Leikun, Zhang, Tao, Huo, Siqi, Song, Pingan and Fang, Zhengping. 2020. "Core–Shell Bioderived Flame Retardants Based on Chitosan/Alginate Coated Ammonia Polyphosphate for Enhancing Flame Retardancy of Polylactic Acid." ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering. 8 (16), pp. 6402-6412. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c00634
A liquid phosphorus-containing imidazole derivative as flame-retardant curing agent for epoxy resin with enhanced thermal latency, mechanical, and flame-retardant performances
Huo, Siqi, Yang, Shuang, Wang, Jun, Cheng, Jianwen, Zhang, Qianqian, Hu, Yefa, Ding, Guoping, Zhang, Qiaoxin and Song, Pingan. 2020. "A liquid phosphorus-containing imidazole derivative as flame-retardant curing agent for epoxy resin with enhanced thermal latency, mechanical, and flame-retardant performances." Journal of Hazardous Materials. 386, pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121984
Realizing simultaneous improvements in mechanical strength, flame retardancy and smoke suppression of ABS nanocomposites from multifunctional graphene
Huang, Guobo, Huo, Siqi, Xu, Xiaodong, Chen, Wei, Jin, Yanxian, Li, Rongrong, Song, Pingan and Wang, Hao. 2019. "Realizing simultaneous improvements in mechanical strength, flame retardancy and smoke suppression of ABS nanocomposites from multifunctional graphene." Composites Part B: Engineering. 177, pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.107377
Synthesis of decorated graphene with P, N-containing compounds and its flame retardancy and smoke suppression effects on polylactic acid
Ran, Shiya, Fang, Fang, Guo, Zhenghong, Song, Pingan, Cai, Yingfeng, Fang, Zhengping and Wang, Hao. 2019. "Synthesis of decorated graphene with P, N-containing compounds and its flame retardancy and smoke suppression effects on polylactic acid." Composites Part B: Engineering. 170, pp. 41-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.04.037
Green and Scalable Fabrication of Core–Shell Biobased Flame Retardants for Reducing Flammability of Polylactic Acid
Xiong, Zhengquan, Zhang, Yan, Du, Xiaoyang, Song, Pingan and Fang, Zhengping. 2019. "Green and Scalable Fabrication of Core–Shell Biobased Flame Retardants for Reducing Flammability of Polylactic Acid." ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering. 7 (9), pp. 8954-8963. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b01016
Improved flame resistance and thermo-mechanical properties of epoxy resin nanocomposites from functionalized graphene oxide via self-assembly in water
Fang, Fang, Ran, Shiya, Fang, Zhengping, Song, Pingan and Wang, Hao. 2019. "Improved flame resistance and thermo-mechanical properties of epoxy resin nanocomposites from functionalized graphene oxide via self-assembly in water." Composites Part B: Engineering. 165, pp. 406-416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.01.086
A bio-based ionic complex with different oxidation states of phosphorus for reducing flammability and smoke release of epoxy resins
Fang, Fang, Huo, Siqi, Shen, Haifeng, Ran, Shiya, Wang, Hao, Song, Pingan and Fang, Zhengping. 2020. "A bio-based ionic complex with different oxidation states of phosphorus for reducing flammability and smoke release of epoxy resins." Composites Communications. 17, pp. 104-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coco.2019.11.011
Solid Wastes Toward Flame Retardants for Polymeric Materials: A Review
Gao, Chuanhua, Huo, Siqi and Cao, Zhenhu. 2021. "Solid Wastes Toward Flame Retardants for Polymeric Materials: A Review." Frontiers in Materials. 8, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2021.712188
Recycle of magnesium alloy scrap for improving fire resistance, thermal stability, and water tolerance of intumescent fire-retardant coatings
Wang, Cheng, Huo, Siqi, Liu, Shi, Hu, Qinghua, Zhang, Qi and Liu, Zhitian. 2021. "Recycle of magnesium alloy scrap for improving fire resistance, thermal stability, and water tolerance of intumescent fire-retardant coatings." Journal of Coatings Technology and Research. 18 (2), pp. 447-458. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11998-020-00413-5
Fabrication and Mechanism Study of Cerium-Based P, N-Containing Complexes for Reducing Fire Hazards of Polycarbonate with Superior Thermostability and Toughness
Sai, Ting, Su, Yukai, Shen, Haifeng, Ran, Shiya, Huo, Siqi, Guo, Zhenghong and Fang, Zhengping. 2021. "Fabrication and Mechanism Study of Cerium-Based P, N-Containing Complexes for Reducing Fire Hazards of Polycarbonate with Superior Thermostability and Toughness." ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. 13 (25), pp. 30061-30075. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.1c07153
Exfoliated and functionalized boron nitride nanosheets towards improved fire resistance and water tolerance of intumescent fire retardant coating
Wang, Cheng, Huo, Siqi, Liu, Shi, Zhang, Qi and Liu, Zhitian. 2021. "Exfoliated and functionalized boron nitride nanosheets towards improved fire resistance and water tolerance of intumescent fire retardant coating." Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 138 (15). https://doi.org/10.1002/app.50177
Thermal properties and flame retardancy of an intumescent flame-retarded epoxy system containing phosphaphenanthrene, triazine-trione and piperidine
Huo, Siqi, Liu, Zhitian and Wang, Jun. 2020. "Thermal properties and flame retardancy of an intumescent flame-retarded epoxy system containing phosphaphenanthrene, triazine-trione and piperidine." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry: an international forum for thermal studies. 139 (2), pp. 1099-1110. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08467-3
Synthesis of a P/N/S-based flame retardant and its flame retardant effect on epoxy resin
Zhang, Qianqian, Wang, Jun, Yang, Shuang, Cheng, Jianwen, Ding, Guoping, Hu, Yefa and Huo, Siqi. 2020. "Synthesis of a P/N/S-based flame retardant and its flame retardant effect on epoxy resin." Fire Safety Journal. 113, pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2020.102994
Synergistic effect of polyhedral iron-cobalt alloys and graphite nanosheets with excellent microwave absorption performance
Su, Xiaogang, Wang, Jun, Zhang, Xiaoxiao, Huo, Siqi, Dai, Wei and Zhang, Bin. 2020. "Synergistic effect of polyhedral iron-cobalt alloys and graphite nanosheets with excellent microwave absorption performance." Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 829. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.154426
Study on the plastic deformation zone of Q235 steel via hammering tight seam
Wang, Yingwei, Dong, Xin, Huo, Siqi, Lv, Zhenhua, Ma, Zhongnan, Gao, Jinzhu, Gai, Xiuying and Wang, Rui. 2020. "Study on the plastic deformation zone of Q235 steel via hammering tight seam." Journal of Materials Research and Technology. 9 (4), pp. 7100-7103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.04.030
A P/N-containing flame retardant constructed by phosphaphenanthrene, phosphonate, and triazole and its flame retardant mechanism in reducing fire hazards of epoxy resin
Cheng, Jianwen, Duan, Huajun, Yang, Shuang, Wang, Jun, Zhang, Qianqian, Ding, Guoping, Hu, Yefa and Huo, Siqi. 2020. "A P/N-containing flame retardant constructed by phosphaphenanthrene, phosphonate, and triazole and its flame retardant mechanism in reducing fire hazards of epoxy resin." Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 137 (37). https://doi.org/10.1002/app.49090
One-step preparation of CoFe2O4/FeCo/graphite nanosheets hybrid composites with tunable microwave absorption performance
Su, Xiaogang, Wang, Jun, Zhang, Xiaoxiao, Huo, Siqi, Chen, Wei, Dai, Wei and Zhang, Bin. 2020. "One-step preparation of CoFe2O4/FeCo/graphite nanosheets hybrid composites with tunable microwave absorption performance." Ceramics International. 46 (8), pp. 12353-12363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.01.286
Intumescent fire retardant coating with recycled powder from industrial effluent optimized using response surface methodology
Liu, Shi, Wang, Cheng, Hu, Qinghua, Huo, Siqi, Zhang, Qi and Liu, Zhitian. 2020. "Intumescent fire retardant coating with recycled powder from industrial effluent optimized using response surface methodology." Progress in Organic Coatings. 140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2019.105494
Facile synthesis of cobalt-doped porous composites with amorphous carbon/zn shell for high-performance microwave absorption
Wu, Qilei, Jin, Huihui, Zhang, Bin, Huo, Siqi, Yang, Shuang, Su, Xiaogang and Wang, Jun. 2020. "Facile synthesis of cobalt-doped porous composites with amorphous carbon/zn shell for high-performance microwave absorption." Nanomaterials. 10 (2). https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10020330
Facile synthesis of Co-embedded porous spherical carbon composites derived from Co3O4/ZIF-8 compounds for broadband microwave absorption
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A facile strategy to fabricate an intumescent fire-retardant coating with improved fire resistance and water tolerance for steel structure
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Design of controlled-morphology NiCo2O4 with tunable and excellent microwave absorption performance
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Aminobenzothiazole-substituted cyclotriphosphazene derivative as reactive flame retardant for epoxy resin
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Bioinspired design of strong, tough, and thermally stable polymeric materials via nanoconfinement
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Fabrication of flame retardant benzoxazine semi-biocomposites reinforced by ramie fabrics with bio-based flame retardant coating
Yan, Hongqiang, Li, Nannan, Cheng, Jie, Song, Pingan, Fang, Zhengping and Wang, Hao. 2018. "Fabrication of flame retardant benzoxazine semi-biocomposites reinforced by ramie fabrics with bio-based flame retardant coating." Polymer Composites. 39 (Special issue), pp. E480-E488. https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.24617
A facile way to prepare phosphorus-Nitrogen-Functionalized graphene oxide for enhancing the flame retardancy of epoxy resin
Fang, Fang, Song, Pingan, Ran, Shiya, Guo, Zhenghong, Wang, Hao and Fang, Zhenping. 2018. "A facile way to prepare phosphorus-Nitrogen-Functionalized graphene oxide for enhancing the flame retardancy of epoxy resin." Composites Communications. 10, pp. 97-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coco.2018.08.001
Synthesis of a phosphaphenanthrene/benzimidazole-based curing agent and its application in flame-retardant epoxy resin
Huo, Siqi, Liu, Zhitian, Li, Chuan, Wang, Xiaolei, Cai, Haopeng and Wang, Jun. 2019. "Synthesis of a phosphaphenanthrene/benzimidazole-based curing agent and its application in flame-retardant epoxy resin." Polymer Degradation and Stability. 163, pp. 100-109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2019.03.003
Synthesis of a DOPO-containing imidazole curing agent and its application in reactive flame retarded epoxy resin
Huo, Siqi, Wang, Jun, Yang, Shuang, Li, Chuan, Wang, Xiaolei and Cai, Haopeng. 2019. "Synthesis of a DOPO-containing imidazole curing agent and its application in reactive flame retarded epoxy resin." Polymer Degradation and Stability. 159, pp. 79-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2018.11.021
Preparation of flame-retardant cyanate ester with low dielectric constants and dissipation factors modified with novel phosphorus-contained Schiff base
Chen, Xi, Wang, Jun, Huo, Siqi, Yang, Shuang, Zhang, Bin and Cai, Haopeng. 2019. "Preparation of flame-retardant cyanate ester with low dielectric constants and dissipation factors modified with novel phosphorus-contained Schiff base." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry: an international forum for thermal studies. 135 (6), pp. 3153-3164. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-018-7507-1
MOF-derived graphitized porous carbon/Fe–Fe3C nanocomposites with broadband and enhanced microwave absorption performance
Yan, Tingyu, Wang, Jun, Wu, Qilei, Huo, Siqi and Duan, Huajun. 2019. "MOF-derived graphitized porous carbon/Fe–Fe3C nanocomposites with broadband and enhanced microwave absorption performance." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics. 30 (13), pp. 12012-12022. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-019-01558-9
Facile synthesis of reduced graphene oxide-wrapped CNFs with controllable chemical reduction degree for enhanced microwave absorption performance
Zhang, Xiaoxiao, Wang, Jun, Su, Xiaogang and Huo, Siqi. 2019. "Facile synthesis of reduced graphene oxide-wrapped CNFs with controllable chemical reduction degree for enhanced microwave absorption performance." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. 553, pp. 402-408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2019.06.055
Facile construction of one-component intrinsic flame-retardant epoxy resin system with fast curing ability using imidazole-blocked bismaleimide
Zhang, Qianqian, Wang, Jun, Yang, Shuang, Cheng, Jianwen, Ding, Guoping and Huo, Siqi. 2019. "Facile construction of one-component intrinsic flame-retardant epoxy resin system with fast curing ability using imidazole-blocked bismaleimide." Composites Part B: Engineering. 177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.107380
A DOPO based reactive flame retardant constructed by multiple heteroaromatic groups and its application on epoxy resin: curing behavior, thermal degradation and flame retardancy
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Design of hierarchical 1D–2D NiCo2O4 as high-performance microwave absorber with strong loss and wide absorbing frequency
Su, Xiaogang, Wang, Jun, Zhang, Xiaoxiao, Zhang, Bin, Huo, S., Wu, Qilei, Dai, Wei and Zou, Yi. 2019. "Design of hierarchical 1D–2D NiCo2O4 as high-performance microwave absorber with strong loss and wide absorbing frequency." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics. 30 (17), pp. 16287-16297. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-019-01999-2
Benzimidazolyl-substituted cyclotriphosphazene derivative as latent flame-retardant curing agent for one-component epoxy resin system with excellent comprehensive performance
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3D-structured assembly of RGO and Ag nanowires for enhanced microwave absorption performance epoxy composites
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Synthesis of s-triazine based tri-imidazole derivatives and their application as thermal latent curing agents for epoxy resin
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Synthesis of Fe@Ni nanoparticles-modified graphene/epoxy composites with enhanced microwave absorption performance
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Synthesis of a novel reactive flame retardant containing phosphaphenanthrene and triazine-trione groups and its application in unsaturated polyester resin
Huo, Siqi, Wang, Jun, Yang, Shuang, Cai, Haopeng, Zhang, Bin, Chen, Xi, Wu, Qilei and Yang, Lingfeng. 2018. "Synthesis of a novel reactive flame retardant containing phosphaphenanthrene and triazine-trione groups and its application in unsaturated polyester resin." Materials Research Express. 5 (3). https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/aab2da
Synergistic effect between a novel triazine‐based flame retardant and DOPO/HPCP on epoxy resin
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Study on properties of flame‐retardant cyanate esters modified with DOPO and triazine compounds
Chen, Xi, Wang, Jun, Huo, Siqi, Yang, Shuang, Zhang, Bin and Cai, Haopeng. 2018. "Study on properties of flame‐retardant cyanate esters modified with DOPO and triazine compounds." Polymers for Advanced Technologies. 29 (10), pp. 2574-2582. https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.4368
Preparation of flame-retardant cyanate ester resin combined with phosphorus-containing maleimide
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Low content Ag-coated poly(acrylonitrile) microspheres and graphene for enhanced microwave absorption performance epoxy composites
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Graphitized nitrogen-doped porous carbon composites derived from ZIF-8 as efficient microwave absorption materials
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Flame-retardant performance and mechanism of epoxy thermosets modified with a novel reactive flame retardant containing phosphorus, nitrogen, and sulfur
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Enhanced microwave absorption property of epoxy nanocomposites based on PANI@Fe3O4@CNFs nanoparticles with three-phase heterostructure
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Flame retarded polymer nanocomposites: development, trend and future perspective
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Thermal degradation and flame retardancy properties of ABS/lignin: effects of lignin content and reactive compatibilization
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Polypropylene nanocomposites based on C60-decorated carbon nanotubes: thermal properties, flammability, and mechanical properties
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Fabrication of exfoliated graphene-based polypropylene nanocomposites with enhanced mechanical and thermal properties
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A novel zinc chelate complex containing both phosphorus and nitrogen for improving the flame retardancy of low density polyethylene
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Thermal stability and rheological behaviors of high-density polyethylene/fullerene nanocomposites
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Effect of lignin incorporation and reactive compatibilization on the morphological, rheological, and mechanical properties of ABS resin
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Permeability, viscoelasticity, and flammability performances and their relationship to polymer nanocomposites
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Physical wrapping of reduced graphene oxide sheets by polyethylene wax and its modification on the mechanical properties of polyethylene
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Superior flame retardancy of epoxy resin by the combined addition of graphene nanosheets and DOPO
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Synthesis of an intrinsically flame retardant bio-based benzoxazine resin
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Synthesis of a novel reactive flame retardant containing phosphaphenanthrene and piperidine groups and its application in epoxy resin
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Enhanced microwave absorption properties of epoxy composites containing graphene decorated with core–shell Fe3O4@polypyrrole nanoparticles
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Coprecipitation synthesis of hollow poly(acrylonitrile) microspheres@CoFe2O4 with graphene as lightweight microwave absorber
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Synergistic flame retardancy effect of graphene nanosheets and traditional retardants on epoxy resin
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On the flameproof treatment of ramie fabrics using a spray-assisted layer-by-layer technique
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Effect of iron acetylacetonate on the crosslink structure, thermal and flammability properties of novel aromatic diamine-based benzoxazines containing cyano group
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Flame retarding and reinforcing modification of ramie/polybenzoxazine composites by surface treatment of ramie fabric
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Synthesis of a phosphorus/nitrogen-containing compound based on maleimide and cyclotriphosphazene and its flame-retardant mechanism on epoxy resin
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Synthesis of a novel phosphorus-nitrogen type flame retardant composed of maleimide, triazine-trione, and phosphaphenanthrene and its flame retardant effect on epoxy resin
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Synergistic flame-retardant effect of expandable graphite and phosphorus-containing compounds for epoxy resin: Strong bonding of different carbon residues
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Preparation and flame retardancy of DOPO–based epoxy resin containing bismaleimide
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A phosphorus-containing phenolic derivative and its application in benzoxazine resins: Curing behavior, thermal, and flammability properties
Huo, Siqi, Wang, Jun, Yang, Shuang, Zhang, Bin and Tang, Yushan. 2016. "A phosphorus-containing phenolic derivative and its application in benzoxazine resins: Curing behavior, thermal, and flammability properties." Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 133 (19), pp. 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.43403
Microwave absorption properties of lightweight absorber based on Fe50Ni50-coated poly(acrylonitrile) microspheres and reduced graphene oxide composites
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Flame-retardant coating by alternate assembly of poly(vinylphosphonic acid) and polyethylenimine for ramie fabrics
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Synthesis of a Phosphorus/Nitrogen-Containing Additive with Multifunctional Groups and Its Flame-Retardant Effect in Epoxy Resin
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The synergistic effect of maleimide and phosphaphenanthrene groups on a reactive flame-retarded epoxy resin system
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Preparation and flame retardancy of a compounded epoxy resin system composed of phosphorus/nitrogen-containing active compounds
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The study of fibre/matrix bond strength in short hemp polypropylene composites from dynamic mechanical analysis
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Confinement of C60 nanoparticles on the dynamics of polystyrene studied by anelastic spectroscopy and rheometrics
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Effect of graphene nanosheets on morphology, thermal stability and flame retardancy of epoxy resin
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Functionalization of carbon nanotubes by corona-discharge induced graft polymerization for the reinforcement of epoxy nanocomposites
Xu, Lihua, Fang, Zhengping, Song, Pingan and Peng, Mao. 2010. "Functionalization of carbon nanotubes by corona-discharge induced graft polymerization for the reinforcement of epoxy nanocomposites." Plasma Processes and Polymers. 7 (9), pp. 785-793. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppap.201000019
Thermal degradation and flammability properties of HDPE/EVA/C60 nanocomposites
Liu, Hui, Song, Pingan, Fang, Zhengping, Shen, Lie and Peng, Mao. 2010. "Thermal degradation and flammability properties of HDPE/EVA/C60 nanocomposites." Thermochimica Acta. 506 (1), pp. 98-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2010.04.029
Synthesis, characterization, and properties of degradable poly(l-lactic acid)/poly(butylene terephthalate) copolyesters containing 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol
Wang, Bingtao, Zhang, Yan, Song, Pingan, Guo, Zhenghong, Cheng, Jie and Fang, Zhengping. 2010. "Synthesis, characterization, and properties of degradable poly(l-lactic acid)/poly(butylene terephthalate) copolyesters containing 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol." Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 120 (5), pp. 2985-2995. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.33373
Flame retardant mechanism of organo-bentonite in polypropylene
Du, Baoxian, Guo, Zhenghong, Song, Pingan, Liu, Hui, Fang, Zhengping and Wu, Yu. 2009. "Flame retardant mechanism of organo-bentonite in polypropylene." Applied Clay Science. 45 (3), pp. 178-184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2009.05.003
Synthesis of a novel oligomeric intumescent flame retardant and its application in polypropylene
Song, Pingan, Fang, Zhengping, Tong, Lifang and Xu, Zhongbin. 2009. "Synthesis of a novel oligomeric intumescent flame retardant and its application in polypropylene." Polymer Engineering and Science. 48 (7), pp. 1326-1331. https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.21153
Fabrication of fullerene (C60) decorated carbon nanotubes and their application in flame-retarding polypropylene
Song, Pingan, Shen, Yu, Du, Baoxian, Guo, Zhenghong and Fang, Zhengping. 2009. "Fabrication of fullerene (C60) decorated carbon nanotubes and their application in flame-retarding polypropylene." Nanoscale. 1 (1), pp. 118-121. https://doi.org/10.1039/B9NR00026G
Effects of reactive compatibilization on the morphological, thermal, mechanical and rheological properties of intumescent flame retarded polypropylene
Song, Pingan, Shen, Yu, Du, Baoxian, Peng, Mao, Shen, Lie and Fang, Zhengping. 2009. "Effects of reactive compatibilization on the morphological, thermal, mechanical and rheological properties of intumescent flame retarded polypropylene." ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. 1 (2), pp. 452-459. https://doi.org/10.1021/am8001204
Fabrication of dendrimer-like fullerene (C60) decorated oligomeric intumescent flame retardant for reducing the thermal oxidation and flammability of polypropylene nanocomposites
Song, Pingan, Liu, Hui, Shen, Yu, Du, Baoxian, Fang, Zhengping and Wu, Yu. 2009. "Fabrication of dendrimer-like fullerene (C60) decorated oligomeric intumescent flame retardant for reducing the thermal oxidation and flammability of polypropylene nanocomposites." Journal of Materials Chemistry. 19 (9), pp. 1305-1313. https://doi.org/10.1039/b815610g
Surface-initiated graft polymerization on multiwalled carbon nanotubes pretreated by corona discharge at atmospheric pressure
Xu, Lihua, Fang, Zhengping, Song, Pingan and Peng, Mao. 2009. "Surface-initiated graft polymerization on multiwalled carbon nanotubes pretreated by corona discharge at atmospheric pressure." Nanoscale. 2 (3), pp. 389-393. https://doi.org/10.1039/B9NR00222G
Flame-retardant-wrapped carbon nanotubes for simultaneously improving the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of polypropylene
Song, Ping'an, Xu, Lihua, Guo, Zhenghong, Zhang, Yan and Fang, Zhengping. 2008. "Flame-retardant-wrapped carbon nanotubes for simultaneously improving the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of polypropylene." Journal of Materials Chemistry. 18 (42), pp. 5083-5091. https://doi.org/10.1039/b808309f
C60 reduces the flammability of polypropylene nanocomposites by in situ forming gelled-ball network
Song, Pingan, Zhu, Yan, Tong, Lifang and Fang, Zhengping. 2008. "C60 reduces the flammability of polypropylene nanocomposites by in situ forming gelled-ball network." Nanotechnology. 19 (22). https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/19/22/225707
Polypropylene/clay nanocomposites prepared by in situ grafting–melt intercalation with a novel co-intercalating monomer
Song, Pingan, Tong, Lifang and Fang, Zhengping. 2008. "Polypropylene/clay nanocomposites prepared by in situ grafting–melt intercalation with a novel co-intercalating monomer." Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 110 (1), pp. 616-623. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.28689
Thermal degradation and flame retardancy of polypropylene/C60 nanocomposites
Fang, Zhengping, Song, Pingan, Tong, Lifang and Guo, Zhenghong. 2008. "Thermal degradation and flame retardancy of polypropylene/C60 nanocomposites." Thermochimica Acta. 473 (1), pp. 106-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2008.04.019
Effects of metal chelates on a novel oligomeric intumescent flame retardant system for polypropylene
Song, Pingan, Fang, Zhengping, Tong, Lifang, Jin, Yongming and Lu, Fengzhu. 2008. "Effects of metal chelates on a novel oligomeric intumescent flame retardant system for polypropylene." Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis. 82 (2), pp. 286-291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2008.04.008