Price wars and price collusion in China's airline markets

Article

Zhang, Yahua and Round, David K.. 2011. "Price wars and price collusion in China's airline markets." International Journal of Industrial Organization. 29 (4), pp. 361-372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijindorg.2010.07.005
Article Title

Price wars and price collusion in China's airline markets

ERA Journal ID3759
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsZhang, Yahua (Author) and Round, David K. (Author)
Journal TitleInternational Journal of Industrial Organization
Journal Citation29 (4), pp. 361-372
Number of Pages12
Year2011
Place of PublicationAmsterdam, Netherlands
ISSN0167-7187
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijindorg.2010.07.005
Web Address (URL)http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167718710001001
Abstract

In the absence of an effective antitrust law, both fare wars and price collusion have been pervasive in China’s airline markets, causing concern for both airlines and consumers. A study of monthly airfare data from 2002 to 2004 confirms that fare wars occur periodically, as well as price collusion. Both tend to be short-lived. The fact that collusion is more likely to occur in January and April when demand is high, as revealed by China Eastern’s and China Southern’s price-war and collusion models, has been confirmed by interview information obtained from the airlines’ sales managers. However, there is also evidence in these models suggesting that collusion can be more easily formed when demand is low. High airport concentration measured by the HHI may facilitate collusion in certain circumstances, but it may also lead to more price wars under other conditions. Concentration in both airports and routes does not appear to systematically affect the occurrence of fare wars and collusion in all the models estimated. We also reject the possibility that mutual forbearance due to multimarket contact plays any important anti-competitive role in China’s airline markets.

Keywordsprice wars; collusion; airline market; China; restrictive trade practices
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020350610. Pricing (incl. consumer value estimation)
500102. Business ethics
380109. Industry economics and industrial organisation
Public Notes

File reproduced in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher/author.

Byline AffiliationsSchool of Accounting, Economics and Finance
University of South Australia
Institution of OriginUniversity of Southern Queensland
Permalink -

https://research.usq.edu.au/item/q0vw4/price-wars-and-price-collusion-in-china-s-airline-markets

Log in to edit

Download files

Accepted Version
Zhang_Round_IJIO_2011_AV.pdf
File access level: Anyone

  • 1995
    total views
  • 871
    total downloads
  • 5
    views this month
  • 2
    downloads this month

Export as

Related outputs

'In automation we trust' - Australian air traffic controller perspectives of increasing automation in air traffic management
Langford, Kieran, Kille, Tarryn, Lee, Seung-Yong, Zhang, Yahua and Bates, Paul R.. 2022. "'In automation we trust' - Australian air traffic controller perspectives of increasing automation in air traffic management." Transport Policy. 125, pp. 352-362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2022.07.001.
Promoting Australian regional airports with subsidy schemes: A vehicle routing problem perspective
Babagolzadeh, Mahla, Zhang, Yahua, Abbasic, Babak, Shrestha, Anup and Zhang, Anming. 2022. "Promoting Australian regional airports with subsidy schemes: A vehicle routing problem perspective." Transport Policy. 128, pp. 38-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2022.08.014
Airline service quality, customer satisfaction, and repurchase Intention: Laotian air passengers’ perspective
Law, Colin C. H., Zhang, Yahua and Gow, Jeff. 2022. "Airline service quality, customer satisfaction, and repurchase Intention: Laotian air passengers’ perspective." Case Studies on Transport Policy. 10 (2), pp. 741-750. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2022.02.002
Characteristics of China’s air transport industry
Zhang, Yahua (Shane), Zhang, C. and Yarde, K.. 2021. "Characteristics of China’s air transport industry." Zhang, Chrystal and Yarde, Kareem (ed.) China’s trade policy on international air transport: policy goals, driving forces, and impact. London, United Kingdom. Routledge. pp. 24-52
Sustainable open vehicle routing with release-time and time-window: a two-echelon distribution system
Babagolzadeh, M., Shrestha, A., Abbasi, B., Zhang, S., Atefi, R. and Woodhead, A.. 2019. "Sustainable open vehicle routing with release-time and time-window: a two-echelon distribution system." Ivanov, Dmitry, Dolgui, Alexandre and Yalaoui, Farouk (ed.) 9th IFAC Conference on Manufacturing Modelling, Management and Control (MIM 2019). Berlin, Germany 28 - 30 Aug 2019 Laxenburg, Austria. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.11.219
Dynamic relationship between air transport, economic growth and inbound tourism in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam
Law, Colin C. H., Zhang, Yahua, Gow, Jeff and Vu, Xuan-Binh (Benjamin). 2022. "Dynamic relationship between air transport, economic growth and inbound tourism in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam." Journal of Air Transport Management. 98, pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2021.102161
Spatial Distribution of Travel Activities and Its Relationship with Points of Interest
Li, Linbo, Cao, Mengfei, Yin, Jiajun, Wang, Yanli and Zhang, Yahua. 2021. "Spatial Distribution of Travel Activities and Its Relationship with Points of Interest." Promet Traffic and Transportation. 33 (1), pp. 1-16. https://doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v33i1.3462
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on current tertiary aviation education and future careers: Students’ perspective
Miani, Peter, Kille, Tarryn, Lee, Seung-Yong, Zhang, Yahua and Bates, Paul Raymond. 2021. "The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on current tertiary aviation education and future careers: Students’ perspective." Journal of Air Transport Management. 94, pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2021.102081
COVID-19 and bailout policy: the case of Virgin Australia
Zhang, Yahua and Zhang, Anming. 2021. "COVID-19 and bailout policy: the case of Virgin Australia." Transport Policy. 114, pp. 174-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2021.09.015
COVID-19, air transportation, and international trade in the ASEAN+5 region
Zhang, Anming, Sun, Xiaoqian, Wandelt, Sebastian, Zhang, Yahua, Xu, Shiteng and Shen, Ronghua. 2021. COVID-19, air transportation, and international trade in the ASEAN+5 region. Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA).
Price discrimination and yield management in the airline industry
Zhang, Guoquan, Law, Colin C. H., Zhang, Yahua and Yang, Hangjun. 2021. "Price discrimination and yield management in the airline industry." Vickerman, Roger (ed.) International encyclopedia of transportation, Vol. 1. Amsterdam, Netherlands. Elsevier. pp. 404-408
Airline economics
Zhang, Anming, Zhang, Yahua and Huang, Zhibin. 2021. "Airline economics." Vickerman, Roger (ed.) International encyclopedia of transportation, Vol. 1. Amsterdam, Netherlands. Elsevier. pp. 392-396
COVID-19 impacts on general aviation – comparative experiences, governmental responses and policy imperatives
Tisdall, Lucas, Zhang, Yahua and Zhang, Anming. 2021. "COVID-19 impacts on general aviation – comparative experiences, governmental responses and policy imperatives." Transport Policy. 110, pp. 273-280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2021.06.009
Chinese future frequent flyers’ willingness to pay for carbon emissions reduction
Ma, Wenliang, Zhang, Yahua and Cui, Jinhua. 2021. "Chinese future frequent flyers’ willingness to pay for carbon emissions reduction." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment. 97, pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2021.102935
Is it time for an integrated aviation market in Northeast Asia? An airline performance perspective
Zhang, Anming and Zhang, Yahua. 2021. "Is it time for an integrated aviation market in Northeast Asia? An airline performance perspective." Transport Policy. 110, pp. 161-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2021.05.020
A review of connectivity utility models and their applications
Zhang, Yahua and Zhang, Anming. 2021. "A review of connectivity utility models and their applications." Graham, Anne, Adler, Nicole, Betancor, Ofelia, Bilotkach, Volodymyr, Calderon, Enrique J., Martini, Gianmaria, Niemeier, Hans-Martin and Antunes, Antonio Pais (ed.) Air transport and regional developent methodologies. London; New York. Routledge. pp. 26-44
Development challenges facing general aviation airports: A case study of Archerfield Airport, Queensland, Australia
Tisdall, Lucas, Zhang, Yahua and Zhang, Anming. 2020. "Development challenges facing general aviation airports: A case study of Archerfield Airport, Queensland, Australia." Case Studies on Transport Policy. 8 (4), pp. 1458-1467. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2020.10.010
The growing influence of low-cost carriers in Northeast Asia and its implications for a regional single aviation market
Ma, Wenliang, Zhang, Anming, Zhang, Yahua and Xu, Shiteng. 2021. "The growing influence of low-cost carriers in Northeast Asia and its implications for a regional single aviation market." Journal of Air Transport Management. 91, pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2020.101994
Welfare implications for air passengers in China in the era of high-speed rail
Yang, Hangjun, Ma, Wenliang, Wang, Qiang, Wang, Kun and Zhang, Yahua. 2020. "Welfare implications for air passengers in China in the era of high-speed rail." Transport Policy. 95, pp. A1-A13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2020.04.007
Preparing for ‘COVID-27’: Lessons in management focus – An Australian general aviation perspective
Tisdall, Lucas and Zhang, Yahua. 2020. "Preparing for ‘COVID-27’: Lessons in management focus – An Australian general aviation perspective." Journal of Air Transport Management. 89, pp. 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2020.101922
Network development of low-cost carriers in China's domestic market
Wu, Chuntao, Liao, Maozhu, Zhang, Yahua, Luo, Mingzhi and Zhang, Guoquan. 2020. "Network development of low-cost carriers in China's domestic market." Journal of Transport Geography. 84, pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2020.102670
Understanding airline price dispersion in the presence of high-speed rail
Ma, Wenliang, Wang, Qiang, Yang, Hangjun, Zhang, Guoquan and Zhang, Yahua. 2020. "Understanding airline price dispersion in the presence of high-speed rail." Transport Policy. 95, pp. 93-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2020.05.015
Telecommunications industry efficiency: A comparative analysis of high and middle income countries
Oredegbe, Abayomi and Zhang, Yahua. 2020. "Telecommunications industry efficiency: A comparative analysis of high and middle income countries." Telecommunications Policy. 44 (5), pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2020.101958
Exploring the roles of high-speed train, air and coach services in the spread of COVID-19 in China
Zhang, Yahua, Zhang, Anming and Wang, Jiaoe. 2020. "Exploring the roles of high-speed train, air and coach services in the spread of COVID-19 in China." Transport Policy. 94, pp. 34-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2020.05.012
Evaluating the price effects of two airline mergers in China
Ma, Wenliang, Wang, Qiang, Yang, Hangjun and Zhang, Yahua. 2020. "Evaluating the price effects of two airline mergers in China." Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review. 141, pp. 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tre.2020.102030
Sustainable cold supply chain management under demand uncertainty and carbon tax regulation
Babagolzadeh, Mahla, Shrestha, Anup, Abbasi, Babak, Zhang, Yahua, Woodhead, Alice and Zhang, Anming. 2020. "Sustainable cold supply chain management under demand uncertainty and carbon tax regulation." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment. 80, pp. 1-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2020.102245
Capturing effects of container location dispersion on quay crane performance
Yu, Hang, Ge, Ying-En, Fu, Xiaowen, Huang, Youfang, Zhang, Yahua and Tan, Caimao. 2018. "Capturing effects of container location dispersion on quay crane performance." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers: Maritime Engineering. 171 (1), pp. 25-39. https://doi.org/10.1680/jmaen.2017.21
Regulatory changes in international air transport and their impact on tourism development in Asia Pacific
Law, Colin C. H., Zhang, Yahua and Zhang, Anming. 2019. "Regulatory changes in international air transport and their impact on tourism development in Asia Pacific." Fu, Xiaowen and Peoples, James (ed.) Airline economics in Asia. Bingley, UK. Emerald. pp. 123-144
Impact of high-speed rail on market concentration and Lerner index in China’s airline market
Zhang, Qiong, Yang, Hangjun, Wang, Qiang, Zhang, Anming and Zhang, Yahua. 2020. "Impact of high-speed rail on market concentration and Lerner index in China’s airline market." Journal of Air Transport Management. 83, pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2019.101755
Is multimarket contact an antitrust concern? A case of China’s airline market
Ma, Wenliang, Wang, Qiang, Yang, Hangjun and Zhang, Yahua. 2020. "Is multimarket contact an antitrust concern? A case of China’s airline market." Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice. 132, pp. 515-526. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2019.12.008
The determinants of outward foreign direct investment strategies of Chinese energy firms
Xu, Shiteng, Gow, Jeff, Chen, Youzhi, Zhang, Yahua and Huang, Zhibin. 2019. "The determinants of outward foreign direct investment strategies of Chinese energy firms." Singapore Economic Review. 64 (4), pp. 1019-1036. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217590817450072
A comparative study of airline efficiency in China and India: A dynamic network DEA approach
Yu, Hang, Zhang, Yahua, Zhang, Anming, Wang, Kun and Cui, Qiang. 2019. "A comparative study of airline efficiency in China and India: A dynamic network DEA approach." Research in Transportation Economics. 76, pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2019.100746
Effects of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail on air travel: Passenger types, airline groups and tacit collusion
Ma, Wenliang, Wang, Qiang, Yang, Hangjun, Zhang, Anming and Zhang, Yahua. 2019. "Effects of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail on air travel: Passenger types, airline groups and tacit collusion." Research in Transportation Economics. 74, pp. 64-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2018.12.002
An analysis of price competition and price wars in Australia's domestic airline market
Ma, Wenliang, Wang, Qiang, Yang, Hangjun and Zhang, Yahua. 2019. "An analysis of price competition and price wars in Australia's domestic airline market." Transport Policy. 81, pp. 163-172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2019.06.008
Why are regional jets less used in emerging economies? A real options valuation approach and policy implications
Hu, Qiwei, Zhang, Anming and Zhang, Yahua. 2019. "Why are regional jets less used in emerging economies? A real options valuation approach and policy implications." Transport Policy. 79, pp. 125-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2019.04.012
Measuring multi-modal connections and connectivity radiations of transport infrastructure in China
Zhu, Zhenran, Zhang, Anming and Zhang, Yahua. 2019. "Measuring multi-modal connections and connectivity radiations of transport infrastructure in China." Transportmetrica A: Transport and Science. 15 (2), pp. 1762-1790. https://doi.org/10.1080/23249935.2019.1642966
Feasibility study for developing an Indigenous branded range of beef products and services (Producer Innovation Fast-track)
Burey, P., Woodhead, A., Kille, T., Zhang, S., Miller, K., Babagolzadeh, M., Pfingst, Jason, Dunrobin, Kelvin, Gorringe, Max, Malone, Johnathon and Perkins, Ian. 2019. Feasibility study for developing an Indigenous branded range of beef products and services (Producer Innovation Fast-track). North Sydney, Australia. Meat & Livestock Australia.
Measuring air connectivity between China and Australia
Zhu, Zhenran, Zhang, Anming, Zhang, Yahua, Huang, Zhibin and Xu, Shiteng. 2019. "Measuring air connectivity between China and Australia." Journal of Transport Geography. 74, pp. 359-370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2018.12.017
ASEAN high value add red meat opportunities
Woodhead, Alice, Zhang, Shane, Burey, Polly, Earl, Greg and Miller, Karen. 2018. ASEAN high value add red meat opportunities. North Sydney, Australia. Meat & Livestock Australia.
Pricing dynamics between airline groups with dual-brand services: the case of the Australian domestic market
Zhang, Yahua, Sampaio, Breno, Fu, Xiaowen and Huang, Zhibin. 2018. "Pricing dynamics between airline groups with dual-brand services: the case of the Australian domestic market." Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice. 112, pp. 46-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2018.01.006
Connectivity of intercity passenger transportation in China: a multi-modal and network approach
Zhu, Zhenran, Zhang, Anming and Zhang, Yahua. 2018. "Connectivity of intercity passenger transportation in China: a multi-modal and network approach." Journal of Transport Geography. 71, pp. 263-276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2017.05.009
Gravity models in air transport research: a survey and an application
Zhang, Yahua, Lin, Faqin and Zhang, Anming. 2018. "Gravity models in air transport research: a survey and an application." Blonigen, Bruce A. and Wilson, Wesley W. (ed.) Handbook of international trade and transportation. Cheltenham, United Kingdom. Edward Elgar Publishing. pp. 141-158
Airline economics and finance
Zhang, Anming and Zhang, Yahua. 2018. "Airline economics and finance." Halpern, Nigel and Graham, Anne (ed.) The Routledge companion to air transport management. Milton Park, United Kingdom. Routledge. pp. 171-188
Chinese food distribution and retail outlets
Sun, Ximing, Zhang, Shane, Woodhead, Alice and Nugent, Timothy. 2016. Chinese food distribution and retail outlets. Toowoomba, Australia. Unpublished.
Connectivity at Chinese airports: the evolution and drivers
Zhang, Yahua, Zhang, Anming, Zhu, Zhenran and Wang, Kun. 2017. "Connectivity at Chinese airports: the evolution and drivers." Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice. 103, pp. 490-508. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2017.05.026
Key determinants of airline pricing and air travel demand in China and India: policy, ownership, and LCC competition
Wang, Kun, Zhang, Anming and Zhang, Yahua. 2018. "Key determinants of airline pricing and air travel demand in China and India: policy, ownership, and LCC competition." Transport Policy. 63, pp. 80-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2017.12.018
Air transport development: a comparative analysis of China and India
Zhang, Yahua and Zhang, Anming. 2017. "Air transport development: a comparative analysis of China and India." Finger, Mattias and Button, Kenneth (ed.) Air transport liberalization: a critical assessment. Cheltenham, United Kingdom. Edward Elgar Publishing. pp. 112-137
Two dimensional accessibility analysis of metro stations in Xi’an, China
Li, Linbo, Ren, Huan, Zhao, Shanshan, Duan, Zhengyu, Zhang, Yahua and Zhang, Anming. 2017. "Two dimensional accessibility analysis of metro stations in Xi’an, China." Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice. 106, pp. 414-426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2017.10.014
Shanghai cold chain logistics
Zhang, Shane. 2016. Shanghai cold chain logistics. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
Air transport services in regional Australia: demand pattern, frequency choice and airport entry
Zhang, Yahua, Wang, Kun and Fu, Xiaowen. 2017. "Air transport services in regional Australia: demand pattern, frequency choice and airport entry." Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice. 103, pp. 472-489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2017.05.028
Integrating Australian agriculture with global value chains and Asian customers
Woodhead, Alice, Earl, Greg and Zhang, Shane. 2017. Integrating Australian agriculture with global value chains and Asian customers. Australia. Committee for Economic Development of Australia.
Toowoomba to China: cold chains and premium food exports by air freight
Zhang, Shane and Woodhead, Alice. 2016. Toowoomba to China: cold chains and premium food exports by air freight. Toowoomba, Australia. University of Southern Queensland.
CEO promotion, relative performance measures, and institutions in an emerging market: evidence from China’s listed state-owned enterprise
Hu, Fang and Zhang, Yahua. 2016. "CEO promotion, relative performance measures, and institutions in an emerging market: evidence from China’s listed state-owned enterprise." Choi, J. Jay, Powers, Michael R. and Zhang, Tina Xiaotian (ed.) The political economy of Chinese finance. United Kingdom. Emerald. pp. 115-148
Determinants of air passenger flows in China and gravity model: deregulation, LCC, and high-speed rail
Zhang, Yahua and Zhang, Anming. 2016. "Determinants of air passenger flows in China and gravity model: deregulation, LCC, and high-speed rail." Journal of Transport Economics and Policy. 50 (3), pp. 287-303.
An assessment of passenger experience at Melbourne Airport
Jiang, Hongwei and Zhang, Yahua. 2016. "An assessment of passenger experience at Melbourne Airport." Journal of Air Transport Management. 54, pp. 88-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2016.04.002
An investigation of service quality, customer satisfaction and loyalty in China’s airline market
Jiang, Hongwei and Zhang, Yahua. 2016. "An investigation of service quality, customer satisfaction and loyalty in China’s airline market." Journal of Air Transport Management. 57, pp. 80-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2016.07.008
Does foreign bank entry make Chinese banks stronger?
Yin, Yingkai, Zhang, Yahua, Zhang, Xiaotian Tina and Hu, Fang. 2015. "Does foreign bank entry make Chinese banks stronger?" Global Economic Review. 44 (3), pp. 269-285. https://doi.org/10.1080/1226508X.2015.1055779
Merger between airlines in financial distress: does the merger save them?
Zhang, Yahua. 2015. "Merger between airlines in financial distress: does the merger save them?" Competition and Regulation in Network Industries. 16 (1), pp. 66-81.
International arrivals to Australia: determinants and the role of air transport policy
Zhang, Yahua. 2015. "International arrivals to Australia: determinants and the role of air transport policy." Journal of Air Transport Management. 44-45 (May-June), pp. 21-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2015.02.004
Understanding travel motivations of Chinese tourists visiting Cairns, Australia
Zhang, Yahua and Peng, Yiqian. 2014. "Understanding travel motivations of Chinese tourists visiting Cairns, Australia." Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management. 21, pp. 44-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2014.07.001
Air transport policy and its impacts on passenger traffic and tourist flows
Zhang, Yahua and Findlay, Christopher. 2014. "Air transport policy and its impacts on passenger traffic and tourist flows." Journal of Air Transport Management. 34, pp. 42-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2013.07.010
Low cost carriers in China and its contribution to passenger traffic flow
Zhang, Yahua and Lu, Zhen. 2013. "Low cost carriers in China and its contribution to passenger traffic flow." Journal of China Tourism Research. 9 (2), pp. 207-217. https://doi.org/10.1080/19388160.2013.781972
Competition policy in China and its relevance to SMEs
Zhang, Yahua and Round, David K.. 2012. "Competition policy in China and its relevance to SMEs." Frontiers of Law in China. 7 (1), pp. 21-38. https://doi.org/10.3868/s050-001-012-0002-9
Are Chinese passengers willing to pay more for better air services?
Zhang, Yahua. 2012. "Are Chinese passengers willing to pay more for better air services?" Journal of Air Transport Management. 25, pp. 5-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2012.02.003
A retrospective analysis of the effects of airline mergers on China Eastern's 'lifeline' routes: a difference-in-differences approach
Zhang, Yahua. 2012. "A retrospective analysis of the effects of airline mergers on China Eastern's 'lifeline' routes: a difference-in-differences approach." Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy. 17 (3), pp. 464-475. https://doi.org/10.1080/13547860.2012.694701
What do Chinese passengers expect from domestic airlines?
Zhang, Yahua. 2011. "What do Chinese passengers expect from domestic airlines?" Middleton, Jason (ed.) ATRS 2011: 15th Annual Air Transport Research Society Conference. Sydney, Australia 29 Jun - 02 Jul 2011 Vancouver, BC. Canada.
The Shanghai Beijing 'Air Express' service model and its impact on the pricing behaviour of airlines
Zhang, Yahua. 2011. "The Shanghai Beijing 'Air Express' service model and its impact on the pricing behaviour of airlines." Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research. 16 (4), pp. 433-443. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2011.588876
Quantifying the impacts of structural reforms on air traffic flows in APEC economies
Zhang, Yahua and Findlay, Christopher. 2011. Quantifying the impacts of structural reforms on air traffic flows in APEC economies. Singapore. APEC Policy Support Unit.
Air transport liberalization
Zhang, Yahua and Findlay, Christopher. 2010. "Air transport liberalization." Ghani, Ejaz (ed.) The service revolution in South Asia. New York, NY. United States. Oxford University Press. pp. 347-380
Strategies to minimise the impact of challenging times on training: final report
Wiesner, Retha, Millett, Bruce and Zhang, Yahua. 2009. Strategies to minimise the impact of challenging times on training: final report. Brisbane, Australia. Construction Skills Queensland.
Airline consolidation and its market power implication on China Eastern's business routes: a simple difference-in-differences analysis
Zhang, Yahua. 2008. "Airline consolidation and its market power implication on China Eastern's business routes: a simple difference-in-differences analysis." Sun, Sizhong, Liu, Hongbo and Zhou, Zhangyue (ed.) 20th Annual Conference of The Association for Chinese Economic Studies Australia (ACESA): 30 Years of Economic Reforms in China: Retrospect and Outlook. Townsville, Australia 10 - 11 Jul 2008 Townsville, Australia.
China's airline deregulation since 1997 and the driving forces behind the 2002 airline consolidations
Zhang, Yahua and Round, David K.. 2008. "China's airline deregulation since 1997 and the driving forces behind the 2002 airline consolidations." Journal of Air Transport Management. 14 (3), pp. 130-142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2008.03.001
The effects of China's airline mergers on prices
Zhang, Yahua and Round, David K.. 2009. "The effects of China's airline mergers on prices." Journal of Air Transport Management. 15 (6), pp. 315-323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2009.04.005
Policy implications of the effects of concentration and multimarket contact in China's airline market
Zhang, Yahua and Round, David K.. 2009. "Policy implications of the effects of concentration and multimarket contact in China's airline market." Review of Industrial Organization. 34 (4), pp. 307-326. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11151-009-9215-2