Price wars and price collusion in China's airline markets

Article

Zhang, Yahua and Round, David K.. 2011. "Price wars and price collusion in China's airline markets." International Journal of Industrial Organization. 29 (4), pp. 361-372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijindorg.2010.07.005
Article Title

Price wars and price collusion in China's airline markets

ERA Journal ID3759
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsZhang, Yahua (Author) and Round, David K. (Author)
Journal TitleInternational Journal of Industrial Organization
Journal Citation29 (4), pp. 361-372
Number of Pages12
Year2011
Place of PublicationAmsterdam, Netherlands
ISSN0167-7187
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijindorg.2010.07.005
Web Address (URL)http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167718710001001
Abstract

In the absence of an effective antitrust law, both fare wars and price collusion have been pervasive in China’s airline markets, causing concern for both airlines and consumers. A study of monthly airfare data from 2002 to 2004 confirms that fare wars occur periodically, as well as price collusion. Both tend to be short-lived. The fact that collusion is more likely to occur in January and April when demand is high, as revealed by China Eastern’s and China Southern’s price-war and collusion models, has been confirmed by interview information obtained from the airlines’ sales managers. However, there is also evidence in these models suggesting that collusion can be more easily formed when demand is low. High airport concentration measured by the HHI may facilitate collusion in certain circumstances, but it may also lead to more price wars under other conditions. Concentration in both airports and routes does not appear to systematically affect the occurrence of fare wars and collusion in all the models estimated. We also reject the possibility that mutual forbearance due to multimarket contact plays any important anti-competitive role in China’s airline markets.

Keywordsprice wars; collusion; airline market; China; restrictive trade practices
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020350610. Pricing (incl. consumer value estimation)
500102. Business ethics
380109. Industry economics and industrial organisation
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File reproduced in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher/author.

Byline AffiliationsSchool of Accounting, Economics and Finance
University of South Australia
Institution of OriginUniversity of Southern Queensland
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