Association Between E-Cigarettes, Cognition and Mood in Adolescents

Article

Novak, Marissa L., Gyawali, Prajwal and Wang, Grace. 2024. "Association Between E-Cigarettes, Cognition and Mood in Adolescents ." Substance Use and Misuse. 59 (12), pp. 1820-1827. https://doi.org/10.1080/10826084.2024.2383597
Article Title

Association Between E-Cigarettes, Cognition and Mood in Adolescents

ERA Journal ID6684
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsNovak, Marissa L., Gyawali, Prajwal and Wang, Grace
Journal TitleSubstance Use and Misuse
Journal Citation59 (12), pp. 1820-1827
Number of Pages8
Year2024
PublisherTaylor & Francis
Place of PublicationUnited States
ISSN1082-6084
1532-2491
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1080/10826084.2024.2383597
Web Address (URL)https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10826084.2024.2383597
Abstract

Objective
Research has indicated potentially neutral or even positive cognitive effects of e-cigarette usage in adults, but whether these findings extend to adolescents remains uncertain. This study aimed to examine the interplay between e-cigarette use, mind wandering and self-efficacy, and mood.

Method
The responses of 432 adolescents aged 11-18 years from an online survey were analyzed. Among them, 88 adolescents had used e-cigarettes.

Results
Adolescents who have used e-cigarettes reported poorer academic self-efficacy, t (430) = 3.26, 95% CI [1.12, 4.51], p < 0.001; greater mind-wandering tendencies t(430) = −3.38, 95% CI [-4.14, −1.10], p < 0.001; and greater severity of depression, t(430) = −3.38, p < 0.001, anxiety t(430) = −2.67, p = 0.01, and stress t(430) = −3.32, p < .001. Increased frequency of e-cigarette use was also associated with attitudes toward e-cigarette use, r (86) = 0.31, p = 0.003 and lower academic self-efficacy, r (86) = −0.27, p = .010. However, there was no significant correlation between frequency of use and mind-wandering. Further network analysis suggested negative relationships between frequency of e-cigarette use, academic self-efficacy and mind-wandering.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest a potential adverse impact of e-cigarette use on mind-wandering and academic confidence among adolescents. However, the direct or indirect relationship between e-cigarette use and these effects could not be definitively determined due to the cross-sectional survey design employed in our study. Nonetheless, our findings underscore the importance of considering developmental differences and the unique vulnerabilities of adolescents when assessing the impact of e-cigarette use.

Keywordsperceptions; e-cigarettes; mood; cognition; adolescents
Contains Sensitive ContentDoes not contain sensitive content
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020520304. Health psychology
520401. Cognition
Byline AffiliationsSchool of Psychology and Wellbeing
School of Health and Medical Sciences
Centre for Health Research
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Wang, Grace Y. and Griskova-Bulanova, Inga. 2018. "Electrophysiological activity is associated with vulnerability of Internet addiction in non-clinical population." Addictive Behaviors. 84, pp. 33-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.03.025
The role of microbiota and inflammation in self-judgement and empathy: implications for understanding the brain-gut-microbiome axis in depression
Heym, N., Heasman, B. C., Hunter, K., Blanco, S. R., Wang, G. Y., Siegert, R., Cleare, A., Gibson, G. R., Kumari, V. and Sumich, A. L.. 2019. "The role of microbiota and inflammation in self-judgement and empathy: implications for understanding the brain-gut-microbiome axis in depression." Psychopharmacology. 236 (5), pp. 1459-1470. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-019-05230-2
Spiking Neural Network Modelling Approach Reveals How Mindfulness Training Rewires the Brain
Doborjeh, Zohreh, Doborjeh, Maryam, Taylor, Tamasin, Kasabov, Nikola, Wang, Grace Y., Siegert, Richard and Sumich, Alex. 2019. "Spiking Neural Network Modelling Approach Reveals How Mindfulness Training Rewires the Brain." Scientific Reports. 9 (1), pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-42863-x
Methamphetamine induces neuronal death: Evidence from rodent studies
Sabrini, Sabrini, Russell, Bruce, Wang, Grace, Lin, Joanne, Kirk, Ian and Curley, Louise. 2020. "Methamphetamine induces neuronal death: Evidence from rodent studies." NeuroToxicology. 77, pp. 20-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuro.2019.12.006
Gaming disorder and internet addiction: A systematic review of resting-state EEG studies
Burleigh, Tyrone L., Griffiths, Mark D., Sumich, Alex, Wang, Grace Y. and Kuss, Daria J.. 2020. "Gaming disorder and internet addiction: A systematic review of resting-state EEG studies." Addictive Behaviors. 107, pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106429
Deep Learning of Explainable EEG Patterns as Dynamic Spatiotemporal Clusters and Rules in a Brain-Inspired Spiking Neural Network
Doborjeh, Maryam, Doborjeh, Zohreh, Kasabov, Nikola, Barati, Molood and Wang, Grace Y.. 2021. "Deep Learning of Explainable EEG Patterns as Dynamic Spatiotemporal Clusters and Rules in a Brain-Inspired Spiking Neural Network." Sensors. 21 (14), pp. 1-21. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21144900
Aggression in substance use treatment seekers
Wang, Grace Y. and Crook-Rumsey, Mark. 2021. "Aggression in substance use treatment seekers." Personality and Individual Differences. 180, pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2021.110997
Acute effects of BZP, TFMPP and the combination of BZP and TFMPP in comparison to dexamphetamine on an auditory oddball task using electroencephalography: a single-dose study
Lee, HeeSeung, Wang, Grace, Curley, Louise E., Sollers, John J., Kydd, Rob R., Kirk, Ian J. and Russell, Bruce R.. 2016. "Acute effects of BZP, TFMPP and the combination of BZP and TFMPP in comparison to dexamphetamine on an auditory oddball task using electroencephalography: a single-dose study." Psychopharmacology. 233 (5), pp. 863-871. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-015-4165-x
What has social neuroscience learned from hyperscanning studies of spoken communication? A systematic review
Kelsen, Brent A., Sumich, Alexander, Kasabov, Nikola, Liang, Sophie H. Y. and Wang, Grace Y.. 2022. "What has social neuroscience learned from hyperscanning studies of spoken communication? A systematic review." Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews. 132, pp. 1249-1262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.09.008
Post-stroke fatigue correlates with perceived stress among stroke survivors
Gyawali, Prajwal, Chow, Wei Zhen, Hinwood, Madeleine, Ong, Lin Kooi, Nilsson, Michael and Walker, Rohan. 2022. "Post-stroke fatigue correlates with perceived stress among stroke survivors." 31st Annual Scientific Meeting of the Stroke Society of Australasia 2022 (STROKE 2022). Christchurch, New Zealand 31 Aug - 02 Sep 2022 New Zealand.
Dyslipidemia among Patients with Ischemic Stroke in the Department of Medicine of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Baral, Sushil, Pokhrel, Asmita, Kumar B.K., Shyam, Kshetri, Rupesh, Regmi, Prashant and Gyawali, Prajwal. 2022. "Dyslipidemia among Patients with Ischemic Stroke in the Department of Medicine of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study." Journal of the Nepal Medical Association. 60 (250), pp. 511-516. https://doi.org/10.31729/jnma.7491
Coping and Co-Occurrence of Gaming Disorder and Substance Use in Recovering Substance Users
Burleigh, Tyrone L., Griffiths, Mark D., Sumich, Alexander, Wang, Grace Y. and Kuss, Daria J.. 2022. "Coping and Co-Occurrence of Gaming Disorder and Substance Use in Recovering Substance Users." Journal of Clinical Medicine. 11 (24). https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11247370
Address an unmet need: establishing the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Darling Down region
Gardiner, P., Aung, N., Ng, L., Stolic, S., Bliss, E., Gyawali, P. and Roberts, M.. 2022. "Address an unmet need: establishing the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Darling Down region." Toowoomba, Darling Downs Health Services Research Symposium.
Social Connectedness and Associations with Gambling Risk in New Zealand
Wang, Grace and Bellringer, Maria E.. 2022. "Social Connectedness and Associations with Gambling Risk in New Zealand ." Journal of Clinical Medicine. 11 (23), pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11237123
Co-Occurrence of Gaming Disorder and Other Potentially Addictive Behaviours between Australia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom
Burleigh, Tyrone L., Griffiths, Mark D., Sumich, Alexander, Wang, Grace Y., Stavropoulos, Vasileios, Kannis-Dymand, Lee and Kuss, Daria J.. 2022. "Co-Occurrence of Gaming Disorder and Other Potentially Addictive Behaviours between Australia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 19 (23), pp. 1-24. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192316078
Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Hemodialysis Patients
Pokhrel, Asmita, Pokhrel, Buddhi Raj, Gyawali, Prajwal, Regmi, Deepak, Khanal, Madhav, Bhattarai, Ashim, Poudel, Prakash and KC, Anuj. 2021. "Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Hemodialysis Patients." Nepal Medical College Journal. 23 (3), pp. 252-258. https://doi.org/10.3126/nmcj.v23i3.40385
Whole blood viscosity is associated with baseline cerebral perfusion in acute ischemic stroke
Gyawali, Prajwal, Lillicrap, Thomas Patrick, Tomari, Shinya, Bivard, Andrew, Holliday, Elizabeth, Parsons, Mark, Levi, Christopher, Garcia-Esperon, Carlos and Spratt, Neil. 2022. "Whole blood viscosity is associated with baseline cerebral perfusion in acute ischemic stroke." Neurological Sciences. 43 (4), pp. 2375-2381. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-021-05666-5
Role of purinergic signalling in endothelial dysfunction and thrombo-inflammation in ischaemic stroke and cerebral small vessel disease
Lee, Natasha Ting, Ong, Lin Kooi, Gyawali, Prajwal, Nassir, Che Mohd Nasril Che Mohd, Mustapha, Muzaimi, Nandurkar, Harshal H. and Sashindranath, Maithili. 2021. "Role of purinergic signalling in endothelial dysfunction and thrombo-inflammation in ischaemic stroke and cerebral small vessel disease." Biomolecules. 11 (7). https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11070994
Acute Effects of Frequent Light-Intensity Standing-Based Exercises That Interrupt 8 Hours of Prolonged Sitting on Postprandial Glucose in Stroke Survivors: A Dose-Escalation Trial
Mackie, Paul, Crowfoot, Gary, Gyawali, Prajwal, Janssen, Heidi, Holliday, Elizabeth, Dunstan, David and English, Coralie. 2021. "Acute Effects of Frequent Light-Intensity Standing-Based Exercises That Interrupt 8 Hours of Prolonged Sitting on Postprandial Glucose in Stroke Survivors: A Dose-Escalation Trial." Journal of Physical Activity and Health. 18 (6), pp. 644-652. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2020-0516
Time-efficient intervention to improve older adolescents’ cardiorespiratory fitness: findings from the ‘Burn 2 Learn’ cluster randomised controlled trial
Lubans, David R., Smith, Jordan J., Eather, Narelle, Leahy, Angus A., Morgan, Philip J., Lonsdale, Chris, Plotnikoff, Roland C., Nilsson, Michael, Kennedy, Sarah G., Holliday, Elizabeth G., Weaver, Natasha, Noetel, Michael, Shigeta, Tatsuya T., Mavilidi, Myrto F., Valkenborghs, Sarah R., Gyawali, Prajwal, Walker, Frederick R., Costigan, Sarah A. and Hillman, Charles H.. 2021. "Time-efficient intervention to improve older adolescents’ cardiorespiratory fitness: findings from the ‘Burn 2 Learn’ cluster randomised controlled trial." British Journal of Sports Medicine. 55 (13), pp. 751-758. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2020-103277
Similar cognitive deficits in mice and humans in the chronic phase post-stroke identified using the touchscreen-based paired-associate learning task
Chow, Wei Zhen, Ong, Lin Kooi, Kluge, Murielle G., Gyawali, Prajwal, Walker, Frederick R. and Nilsson, Michael. 2020. "Similar cognitive deficits in mice and humans in the chronic phase post-stroke identified using the touchscreen-based paired-associate learning task." Scientific Reports. 10, pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-76560-x
Plasmin Generation Potential and Recanalization in Acute Ischaemic Stroke; an Observational Cohort Study of Stroke Biobank Samples
Lillicrap, Thomas, Keragala, Charithani B., Draxler, Dominik F., Chan, Jilly, Ho, Heidi, Harman, Stevi, Niego, Be’eri, Holliday, Elizabeth, Levi, Christopher R., Garcia-Esperon, Carlos, Spratt, Neil, Gyawali, Prajwal, Bivard, Andrew, Parsons, Mark W., Montaner, Joan, Bustamante, Alejandro, Cadenas, Israel Fernandez, Cloud, Geoffrey, Maguire, Jane M., ..., Medcalf, Robert L.. 2020. "Plasmin Generation Potential and Recanalization in Acute Ischaemic Stroke; an Observational Cohort Study of Stroke Biobank Samples." Frontiers in Neurology. 11, pp. 1-4. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2020.589628
Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis in a tertiary care center, Kathmandu, Nepal
Pokhrel, A., Gyawali, P., Pokhrel, B. R., Khanal, M. P., Manandhar, D. N., Bwititi, P. and Nwose, E. U.. 2019. "Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis in a tertiary care center, Kathmandu, Nepal." Nepal Medical College Journal. 21 (4), pp. 313-318. https://doi.org/10.3126/nmcj.v21i4.27629
Accuracy of glucose meter among adults in a semi-urban area in Kathmandu, Nepal
Pokhrel, Asmita, Silvanus, Vinutha, Pokhrel, Buddhi Raj, Baral, Binaya, Khanal, Madhav, Gyawali, Prajwal, Pokhrel, Laxman and Regmi, Deepak. 2019. "Accuracy of glucose meter among adults in a semi-urban area in Kathmandu, Nepal." Nepal Medical Association Journal. 57 (216), pp. 104-108. https://doi.org/10.31729/jnma.4247
Hemorheological parameters better classify metabolic syndrome than novel cardiovascular risk factors and peripheral vascular disease marker
Gyawali, Prajwal, Richards, Ross S., Tinley, Paul, Nwose, Ezekiel Uba and Bwititi, Phillip T.. 2016. "Hemorheological parameters better classify metabolic syndrome than novel cardiovascular risk factors and peripheral vascular disease marker." Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation. 64 (1), pp. 1-5. https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-152033
Prediabetes and cardiovascular complications study (PACCS): international collaboration 4 years' summary and future direction
Nwose, E. U., Richards, R. S., Bwititi, P. T., Igumbor, E. O., Oshionwu, E. J., Okolie, K., Onyia, I. C., Pokhrel, A., Gyawali, P., Okuzor, J. N., Oguoma, V. M., Gardiner, F. W. and Wang, L.. 2017. "Prediabetes and cardiovascular complications study (PACCS): international collaboration 4 years' summary and future direction." BMC Research Notes. 10 (1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-017-3017-7
Current research on cigarette toxicity: critical appraisal in view of clinical laboratory
Gyawali, Prajwal and Oguoma, Victor Maduabuchi. 2016. "Current research on cigarette toxicity: critical appraisal in view of clinical laboratory." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences. 4 (6), pp. 1785-1793. https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20161725
School-based physical activity intervention for older adolescents: rationale and study protocol for the Burn 2 Learn cluster randomised controlled trial
Leahy, Angus A, Eather, Narelle, Smith, Jordan J, Hillman, Charles, Morgan, Philip J, Nilsson, Michael, Lonsdale, Chris, Plotnikoff, Ronald C, Noetel, Michael, Holliday, Elizabeth, Shigeta, Tatsuya T, Costigan, Sarah A, Walker, Frederick R, Young, Sarah, Valkenborghs, Sarah R, Gyawali, Prajwal, Harris, Nigel, Kennedy, Sarah G and Lubans, David R. 2019. "School-based physical activity intervention for older adolescents: rationale and study protocol for the Burn 2 Learn cluster randomised controlled trial." BMJ Open. 9 (5). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026029
Exploration of stress management interventions to address psychological stress in stroke survivors: A protocol for a scoping review
Hinwood, Madeleine, Ilicic, Marina, Gyawali, Prajwal, Kluge, Murielle Gabriela, Coupland, Kirsten, Smith, Angela, Nilsson, Michael and Walker, Frederick Rohan. 2020. "Exploration of stress management interventions to address psychological stress in stroke survivors: A protocol for a scoping review." BMJ Open. 10 (3). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035592
Opposing associations of stress and resilience with functional outcomes in stroke survivors in the chronic phase of stroke: A cross-sectional study
Gyawali, Prajwal, Chow, Wei Zhen, Hinwood, Madeleine, Kluge, Murielle, English, Coralie, Ong, Lin Kooi, Nilsson, Michael and Walker, Frederick Rohan. 2020. "Opposing associations of stress and resilience with functional outcomes in stroke survivors in the chronic phase of stroke: A cross-sectional study." Frontiers in Neurology. 11, pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2020.00230
Cardiovascular risk screening options in diabetes: framework for selective adoption
Nwose, Ezekiel U., Digban, Kester A., Oshionwu, Echinei J., Onyia, Innocent C., Bwititi, Phillip T., Oguoma, Victor M., Anyasodor, Anayochukwu E. and Gyawali, Prajwal. 2016. "Cardiovascular risk screening options in diabetes: framework for selective adoption." National Journal of Community Medicine. 7 (6), pp. 540-544.
Comparison of lipid profile parameters and oxidized low-density lipoprotein between normal and preeclamptic pregnancies in a tertiary care hospital in Nepal
Timalsina, Santosh, Gyawali, Prajwal and Bhattarai, Aseem. 2016. "Comparison of lipid profile parameters and oxidized low-density lipoprotein between normal and preeclamptic pregnancies in a tertiary care hospital in Nepal." International Journal of Women's Health. 8, pp. 627-631. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S117850
Quantitative Measurement of Erythrocyte Aggregation as a Systemic Inflammatory Marker by Ultrasound Imaging: A Systematic Review
Gyawali, Prajwal, Ziegler, Daniela, Cailhier, Jean-Franois, Denault, Andre and Cloutier, Guy. 2018. "Quantitative Measurement of Erythrocyte Aggregation as a Systemic Inflammatory Marker by Ultrasound Imaging: A Systematic Review." Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology. 44 (7), pp. 1303-1317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2018.02.020
Association of abnormal erythrocyte morphology with oxidative stress and inflammation in metabolic syndrome
Gyawali, Prajwal, Richards, Ross S., Bwititi, Phillip T. and Nwose, Ezekiel Uba. 2015. "Association of abnormal erythrocyte morphology with oxidative stress and inflammation in metabolic syndrome." Blood Cells, Molecules and Diseases. 54 (4), pp. 360-363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcmd.2015.01.005
The association of dyslipidemia with erythrocyte aggregation
Gyawali, Prajwal, Richards, Ross S, Bwititi, Phillip T. and Nwose, Ezekiel Uba. 2015. "The association of dyslipidemia with erythrocyte aggregation ." Clinical Lipidology. 10 (2), pp. 129-135. https://doi.org/10.2217/CLP.15.3
Resting EEG and ERPs findings in methadone-substituted opiate users: a review
Wang, Grace Y., Kydd, Robert and Russell, Bruce R.. 2015. "Resting EEG and ERPs findings in methadone-substituted opiate users: a review." Acta Neurologica Belgica. 115 (4), pp. 539-546. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13760-015-0476-2
Changes in resting EEG following methadone treatment in opiate addicts
Wang, Grace Y., Kydd, Rob, Wouldes, Trecia A., Jensen, Maree and Russell, Bruce R.. 2015. "Changes in resting EEG following methadone treatment in opiate addicts." Clinical Neurophysiology. 126 (5), pp. 943-950. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2014.08.021
Auditory event-related potentials in methadone substituted opiate users
Wang, Grace Y., Kydd, Robert and Russell, Bruce R.. 2015. "Auditory event-related potentials in methadone substituted opiate users." Journal of Psychopharmacology. 29 (9), pp. 983-995. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881115587929
Analysis of connectivity in NeuCube spiking neural network models trained on EEG data for the understanding of functional changes in the brain: A case study on opiate dependence treatment
Capecci, Elisa, Kasabov, Nikola and Wang, Grace Y.. 2015. "Analysis of connectivity in NeuCube spiking neural network models trained on EEG data for the understanding of functional changes in the brain: A case study on opiate dependence treatment." Neural Networks. 68, pp. 62-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2015.03.009
Hemorheology, ankle brachial pressure index (ABPI) and toe brachial pressure index (TBPI) in metabolic syndrome
Gyawali, Prajwal, Richards, Ross S., Tinley, Paul and Nwose, Ezekiel Uba. 2014. "Hemorheology, ankle brachial pressure index (ABPI) and toe brachial pressure index (TBPI) in metabolic syndrome ." Microvascular Research. 95, pp. 31-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mvr.2014.06.013
Product of serum calcium and phosphorus (Ca× PO4) as predictor of cardiovascular disease risk in predialysis patients
Regmi, Prashant, Malla, Bimala, Gyawali, Prajwal, Sigdel, Manoj, Shrestha, Rojeet, Shah, Dibya Singh and Khanal, Madhav Prasad. 2014. "Product of serum calcium and phosphorus (Ca× PO4) as predictor of cardiovascular disease risk in predialysis patients." Clinical Biochemistry. 47 (1-2), pp. 77-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2013.09.012
Erythrocyte aggregation and metabolic syndrome
Gyawali, Prajwal, Richards, Ross S., Hughes, Diane L. and Tinley, Paul. 2014. "Erythrocyte aggregation and metabolic syndrome." Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation. 57 (1), pp. 73-83. https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-131792
Neuropsychological performance of methadone-maintained opiate users
Wang, Grace Y., Wouldes, Trecia A., Kydd, Rob, Jensen, Maree and Russell, Bruce R.. 2014. "Neuropsychological performance of methadone-maintained opiate users." Journal of Psychopharmacology. 28 (8), pp. 789-799. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881114538541
Family involvement in Chinese immigrants with bipolar disorder in New Zealand
Wang, Grace Y. and Henning, Marcus. 2013. "Family involvement in Chinese immigrants with bipolar disorder in New Zealand." New Zealand Medical Journal. 126 (1368), pp. 45-52.
Methadone Maintenance Treatment and Cognitive Function: A Systematic Review
Wang, Grace Y., Wouldes, Trecia A. and Russell, Bruce R.. 2013. "Methadone Maintenance Treatment and Cognitive Function: A Systematic Review." Current Drug Abuse Reviews. 6 (3), pp. 220-230. https://doi.org/10.2174/18744737112059990020
Whole-blood viscosity and metabolic syndrome
Gyawali, Prajwal, Richards, Ross S, Nwose, Ezekiel Uba and Bwititi, Phillip T. 2012. "Whole-blood viscosity and metabolic syndrome ." Clinical Lipidology. 7 (6), pp. 709-719. https://doi.org/10.2217/CLP.12.65
Erythrocyte morphology in metabolic syndrome
Gyawali, Prajwal, Richards, Ross S. and Nwose, Ezekiel Uba. 2012. "Erythrocyte morphology in metabolic syndrome ." Expert Review of Hematology. 5 (5), pp. 523-531. https://doi.org/10.1586/EHM.12.47
Some light in the fog?
Shulruf, Boaz, Poole, Phillippa, Wang, Grace Ying, Rudland, Joy and Wilkinson, Tim. 2012. "Some light in the fog?" Advances in Health Sciences Education. 17 (5), pp. 631-632. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10459-012-9413-9
How well do selection tools predict performance later in a medical programme?
Shulruf, Boaz, Poole, Phillippa, Wang, Grace Ying, Rudland, Joy and Wilkinson, Tim. 2012. "How well do selection tools predict performance later in a medical programme?" Advances in Health Sciences Education. 17 (5), pp. 615-626. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10459-011-9324-1
Rethinking the admission criteria to nursing school
Shulruf, Boaz, Wang, Ying Grace, Zhao, Yipin Jessica and Baker, Heather. 2011. "Rethinking the admission criteria to nursing school." Nurse Education Today. 31 (8), pp. 727-732. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2010.11.024
Bipolar disorder and medical adherence: A Chinese perspective
Wang, Ying and Henning, Marcus. 2010. "Bipolar disorder and medical adherence: A Chinese perspective." Asian Journal of Psychiatry. 3 (1), pp. 7-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2009.11.003