Criterion referenced assessment as a form of feedback: student and staff perceptions in the initial stages of a new law degree

Article

Chardon, Toni, Collins, Pauline, Hammer, Sara and Hart, Caroline. 2011. "Criterion referenced assessment as a form of feedback: student and staff perceptions in the initial stages of a new law degree." International Journal of Pedagogies and Learning. 6 (3), pp. 232-242. https://doi.org/10.5172/ijpl.2011.6.3.232
Article Title

Criterion referenced assessment as a form of feedback: student and staff perceptions in the initial stages of a new law degree

ERA Journal ID39917
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsChardon, Toni (Author), Collins, Pauline (Author), Hammer, Sara (Author) and Hart, Caroline (Author)
Journal TitleInternational Journal of Pedagogies and Learning
Journal Citation6 (3), pp. 232-242
Number of Pages11
Year2011
Place of PublicationMaleny, Australia
ISSN1833-4105
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.5172/ijpl.2011.6.3.232
Web Address (URL)http://jpl.e-contentmanagement.com/archives/vol/6/issue/3/article/4481/criterion-referenced-assessment-as-a-form-of
Abstract

Criterion referenced assessment (CRA) has become the preferred method of grading in higher education institutions in recent years. There has been a substantial amount of academic literature over recent years that has attempted to advocate, explain or outline best practice for CRA. This paper explores academic and student participants' perceptions of CRA and related marking practices based on a study focused on assessment practices in a new Australian regional law school. Existing research proposes two broad rationales for the use of CRA: to increase the reliability and validity of assessment practices; and to provide greater transparency within grading of assessment items for students. The aim of the research discussed here was to discover whether the stated rationales for CRA in the literature aligned with the perceptions of and uses by academic staff and students. Preliminary findings are based on a small, qualitative sample of staff and students. They suggest that, whilst academic participants' valuing of CRA does echo some of the researched rationales, they more strongly value this practice because of the time efficiencies that the use of CRA and marking rubrics can achieve for the provision of feedback. This finding is important because it stands in possible conflict with perceptions of students in our study, who appeared to perceive criteria sheets or marking rubrics as being distinct from individualised feedback. Implications of our findings are discussed.

Keywordscriteron referenced assessment; law education; staff perceptions; student perceptions; higher education research
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020390102. Curriculum and pedagogy theory and development
390402. Education assessment and evaluation
390409. Learning sciences
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Byline AffiliationsSchool of Law
Department of Law
School of Accounting, Economics and Finance
Institution of OriginUniversity of Southern Queensland
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Green, Wendy, Hammer, Sara and Stephens, Robyn. 2006. "Embedding graduate skills into a first year, management course: theory, practice and reflection." Bunker, Alison and Vardi, Iris (ed.) 29th Higher Education Research and Development Society of Australasia Annual Conference (HERDSA 2006). Perth, Australia 10 - 12 Jul 2006 Sydney, Australia.
Healing the divisions: unemployment, underemployment and overwork in Australia
Hammer, Sara. 2004. "Healing the divisions: unemployment, underemployment and overwork in Australia." Just Policy. 34, pp. 32-37.
Plagiarism: an original explanation?
Hammer, Sara, Norton, Paul and Star, Cassandra. 2004. "Plagiarism: an original explanation?" Directions in Education. 13 (14), pp. 3-4.
The new autonomous corporate warriors and their implications for humanity
Collins, Pauline. 2006. "The new autonomous corporate warriors and their implications for humanity." Yearbook of New Zealand Jurisprudence. 9, pp. 15-45.
Costs of cooperation rather than competition in the provision of justice?
Collins, Pauline. 2005. "Costs of cooperation rather than competition in the provision of justice?" Australian Journal of Public Administration. 64 (3), pp. 112-118. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8500.2005.00456.x
The real deal: using authentic assessment to promote student engagement in the first and second years of a regional law program
Hart, Caroline, Hammer, Sara, Collins, Pauline and Chardon, Toni. 2011. "The real deal: using authentic assessment to promote student engagement in the first and second years of a regional law program." Legal Education Review. 21 (1), pp. 97-121.
Sustainable regional legal practice: the importance of alliances and the use of innovative information technology by legal practices in regional, rural and remote Queensland
Hart, Caroline Lydia. 2011. "Sustainable regional legal practice: the importance of alliances and the use of innovative information technology by legal practices in regional, rural and remote Queensland." Deakin Law Review. 16 (1), pp. 225-263.
Weathering the storm: tax as a component of financial capability
Chardon, Toni. 2011. "Weathering the storm: tax as a component of financial capability ." Australasian Accounting Business and Finance Journal. 5 (2), pp. 53-68.
Critical thinking in a first year management unit: the relationship between disciplinary learning, academic literacy and learning progression
Hammer, Sara Jeanne and Green, Wendy. 2011. "Critical thinking in a first year management unit: the relationship between disciplinary learning, academic literacy and learning progression." Higher Education Research and Development. 30 (3), pp. 303-315. https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2010.501075
Rocky rhetoric and hard reality: the academic's dilemma surrounding assessment
Collins, Pauline, Brackin, Toni and Hart, Caroline. 2010. "Rocky rhetoric and hard reality: the academic's dilemma surrounding assessment." Legal Education Review. 20 (1-2), pp. 129-164.
Inclusive team assessment of off-campus and on-campus first year law students using instantaneous communication technology
Collins, Pauline. 2010. "Inclusive team assessment of off-campus and on-campus first year law students using instantaneous communication technology." The Law Teacher. 44 (3), pp. 309-333. https://doi.org/10.1080/03069400.2010.524028
Accounting graduates and the capabilities that count: perceptions of graduates, employers and accounting academics in four Australian universities
Oliver, Beverley, Whelan, Barbara, Hunt, Lynne and Hammer, Sara. 2011. "Accounting graduates and the capabilities that count: perceptions of graduates, employers and accounting academics in four Australian universities." Journal of Teaching and Learning for Graduate Employability. 2 (1), pp. 2-27.
Framing a research project to explore the experiences of international staff in an Australian university
Hammer, Sara, Colclough, Gillian and Huijser, Hendrik. 2010. "Framing a research project to explore the experiences of international staff in an Australian university." Hayes, Anna and Mason, Robert (ed.) Migrant Security 2010: Citizenship and Social Inclusion in a Transnational Era. Toowoomba, Australia 15 - 16 Jul 2010 Toowoomba, Australia.
The graduate employability indicators: capturing broader stakeholder perspectives on the achievement and importance of employability attributes
Oliver, Beverley, Hunt, Lynne, Jones, Sandra, Pearce, Amanda, Hammer, Sara, Jones, Sue and Whelan, Barbara. 2010. "The graduate employability indicators: capturing broader stakeholder perspectives on the achievement and importance of employability attributes." Australian Quality Forum 2010 - Higher Education: Quality in Uncertain Times. Gold Coast, Australia 30 Jun - 02 Jul 2010 Melbourne, Australia.
Capturing stakeholder perceptions of graduate capability development: challenges associated with graduate employability indicators
Whelan, Barbara, Oliver, Beverley, Hunt, Lynne, Hammer, Sara, Jones, Sandra and Pearce, Amanda. 2010. "Capturing stakeholder perceptions of graduate capability development: challenges associated with graduate employability indicators." Campbell, Matthew (ed.) ACEN 2010: Work Integrated Learning (WIL): Responding to Challenges . Perth, Australia 29 Sep - 01 Oct 2010 Melbourne, Australia.
Mature aged job seekers' experiences of Centrelink and Job Network Services in an Australian regional centre
Kossen, Chris and Hammer, Sara. 2010. "Mature aged job seekers' experiences of Centrelink and Job Network Services in an Australian regional centre." Australian Journal of Career Development. 19 (1), pp. 45-53.
Mediators' authentic presence: ways of knowing our primitive selves
Collins, Pauline. 2010. "Mediators' authentic presence: ways of knowing our primitive selves." Australasian Dispute Resolution Journal. 21 (2), pp. 85-96.
Tertiary students with a disability or chronic illness: stigma and study
Hammer, Sara, Werth, Shalene and Dunn, Peter. 2009. "Tertiary students with a disability or chronic illness: stigma and study." Bedford, Tas, Huijser, Henk and Muller, Sarah (ed.) Enabling Pathways: 3rd National Conference of Enabling Educators. Toowoomba, Australia 25 - 27 Nov 2009 Toowoomba, Australia.
Engaging on-campus and external law students through new technology and team work providing: creative assessment, motivation, equity and reducing isolation
Collins, Pauline. 2009. "Engaging on-campus and external law students through new technology and team work providing: creative assessment, motivation, equity and reducing isolation." 3rd National GAP Symposia. Brisbane, Australia 02 Jul 2009 Sydney, Australia.
Australian law dictionary [contributions]
Collins, Pauline. 2009. "Australian law dictionary [contributions]." Mann, Trischa (ed.) Australian law dictionary. Melbourne, Australia. Oxford University Press.
What is good for the goose should be good for the gander: the operation of the Rome Statute in the Australian context
Collins, Pauline. 2009. "What is good for the goose should be good for the gander: the operation of the Rome Statute in the Australian context." University of New South Wales Law Journal. 32 (1), pp. 106-142.
God, Queen and country: their place in a team assessment, using instantaneous audio visual communication technology, with external and on-campus students in a first year law course
Collins, Pauline. 2009. "God, Queen and country: their place in a team assessment, using instantaneous audio visual communication technology, with external and on-campus students in a first year law course." Pinto, Dale (ed.) 64th Conference of the Australasian Law Teachers' Association: The doctor as GOD, the Corporation as QUEEN, What About the Country? (ALTA 2009). Sydney, Australia 05 - 08 Jul 2009 Sydney, Australia.
Facing up to the challenge: why is it so hard to develop graduate attributes?
Green, Wendy, Hammer, Sara and Star, Cassandra. 2009. "Facing up to the challenge: why is it so hard to develop graduate attributes?" Higher Education Research and Development. 28 (1), pp. 17-29. https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360802444339
It's just another war!
Collins, Pauline. 2008. "It's just another war!" Social Responsibility Journal. 4 (3), pp. 366-377.
The conjurer's new card trick and the illusion of privacy: a discussion of the privacy and transparency issues associated with the proposed Australian Government Health and Social Services Access Card
Hart, Caroline. 2008. "The conjurer's new card trick and the illusion of privacy: a discussion of the privacy and transparency issues associated with the proposed Australian Government Health and Social Services Access Card." University of Tasmania Law Review. 25 (1), pp. 5-43.
Micro-chipping away at privacy: privacy implications created by the new Queensland driver licence proposal
Hart, Caroline. 2007. "Micro-chipping away at privacy: privacy implications created by the new Queensland driver licence proposal." QUT Law Review. 7 (2), pp. 305-324.
Improving staff practice in criterion-referenced assessment: implementing change in University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Business
Hammer, Sara and Millett, Bruce. 2007. "Improving staff practice in criterion-referenced assessment: implementing change in University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Business." AAIR 2007: Change, Evidence And Implementation: Improving Higher Education in Uncertain Times. Sydney, Australia 19 - 21 Nov 2007 Sydney, Australia.
Teaching generic skills: eroding the higher purpose of universities, or an opportunity for renewal?
Star, Cassandra and Hammer, Sara. 2008. "Teaching generic skills: eroding the higher purpose of universities, or an opportunity for renewal? " Oxford Review of Education. 34 (2), pp. 237-251. https://doi.org/10.1080/03054980701672232
Tax havens and the Australian tax system - are we 'match fit'?
Brackin, Toni. 2006. "Tax havens and the Australian tax system - are we 'match fit'?" 2006 Australasian Tax Teachers Association Conference. Melbourne, Australia 30 Jan - 01 Feb 2006 Melbourne, Australia.
Locating learning advisers in the new university: What should be our role?
Green, Wendy, Hammer, Sara and Stephens, Robyn. 2005. "Locating learning advisers in the new university: What should be our role?" Milnes, S., Craswell, G., Rao, V. and Bartlett, A. (ed.) LAS2005 Critiquing and Reflecting. Canberra, Australia 24 - 25 Nov 2005 Canberra, Australia.
From full employment to the the new service economy
Hammer, Sara. 2004. "From full employment to the the new service economy ." Van Acker, Elizabeth and Curran, Giorel (ed.) Governing business and globalisation, 2nd ed.. Frenchs Forest, NSW. Pearson Education Australia. pp. 161-174
How Welfare to Work and WorkChoices will change womens' lives
Collins, Pauline and Gray, Anthony. 2006. "How Welfare to Work and WorkChoices will change womens' lives." Bailey, Janis, Broadbent, Kaye, Edwards, Linda, McDonald, Paula and Whitehouse, Gillian (ed.) Our Work .... Our Lives: National Conference on Women & Industrial Relations (2006). Brisbane, Australia 12 - 14 Jul 2006 Brisbane, Australia.
Mark Latham's third way: income support, civic renewal and collectivism
Hammer, Sara. 2004. "Mark Latham's third way: income support, civic renewal and collectivism." Australian Journal of Social Issues. 39 (2), pp. 143-153.
Work for welfare and civic equality
Hammer, Sara. 2004. "Work for welfare and civic equality." Carlson, Ellen (ed.) 6th Path to Full Employment Conference/11th National Unemployment Conference. Newcastle, Australia Newcastle, Australia.
Demonstrating quality outcomes in learning and teaching: examining 'best practice' in the use of criterion-referenced assessment
Hammer, Sara. 2007. "Demonstrating quality outcomes in learning and teaching: examining 'best practice' in the use of criterion-referenced assessment." International Journal of Pedagogies and Learning. 3 (1), pp. 50-58.
Peeling off the layers on values: how do they influence your education, employment and everything
Collins, Pauline, Dorman, Marilyn and Lawrence, Jill. 2007. "Peeling off the layers on values: how do they influence your education, employment and everything." Albion, Majella J. and Collins, Pauline (ed.) 2007 International Women's Conference: Education, Employment and Everything... theTriple Layers of a Woman's Life. Toowoomba, Australia 26 - 29 Sep 2007 Toowoomba, Australia.
A feminine approach to teaching a large, first year university course: and everyone lived happily ever after!
Southey, Kim, Lynch, Bernadette, Werth, Shalene and Hammer, Sara. 2007. "A feminine approach to teaching a large, first year university course: and everyone lived happily ever after!" Albion, Majella J. and Collins, Pauline (ed.) 2007 International Women's Conference: Education, Employment and Everything... theTriple Layers of a Woman's Life. Toowoomba, Australia 26 - 29 Sep 2007 Toowoomba, Australia.
Healing the divisions: unemployment and overwork in Australia
Hammer, Sara. 2003. "Healing the divisions: unemployment and overwork in Australia." Carlson, E. (ed.) 5th Path to Full Employment Conference and 10th National Conference on Unemployment (CofFee 2003): The Full Employment Imperative. Newcastle, Australia 10 - 12 Dec 2003 Newcastle, Australia.
Mutual obligation: why reciprocity is an inadequate principle for unemployment programmes
Hammer, Sara. 2003. "Mutual obligation: why reciprocity is an inadequate principle for unemployment programmes." Australian Journal of Professional and Applied Ethics. 5 (1), pp. 14-24.
Higher education for community and citizenship?
Hammer, Sara and Star, Cassandra. 2004. "Higher education for community and citizenship?" Flowers, Rick (ed.) Education and Social Action Conference 2004. Sydney, Australia 06 - 08 Dec 2004 Sydney.
The interplay of Welfare to Work and WorkChoices
Gray, Anthony and Collins, Pauline. 2007. "The interplay of Welfare to Work and WorkChoices." Hecate: an interdisciplinary journal of women's liberation. 33 (1), pp. 126-140.
Worry to women of Welfare to Work and WorkChoices
Collins, Pauline and Gray, Anthony. 2006. "Worry to women of Welfare to Work and WorkChoices." 61st Conference of the Australasian Law Teachers' Association (ALTA 2006). Melbourne, Australia 04 - 07 Jul 2006 Sydney, Australia.
Overcoming tax complexity through tax literacy – an analysis of financial literary research in the context of the taxation system
Brackin, Toni. 2007. "Overcoming tax complexity through tax literacy – an analysis of financial literary research in the context of the taxation system." 2007 Australasian Taxation Teachers Association Conference. Brisbane, Australia 22 - 24 Jan 2007