Mechanisms of enhanced insulin secretion and sensitivity with n-3 unsaturated fatty acids
Article
Article Title | Mechanisms of enhanced insulin secretion and sensitivity with n-3 unsaturated fatty acids |
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ERA Journal ID | 13660 |
Article Category | Article |
Authors | Bhaswant, Maharshi (Author), Poudyal, Hemant (Author) and Brown, Lindsay (Author) |
Journal Title | Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry |
Journal Citation | 26 (6), pp. 571-584 |
Number of Pages | 14 |
Year | 2015 |
Place of Publication | New York, NY. United States |
ISSN | 0955-2863 |
1873-4847 | |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.02.001 |
Web Address (URL) | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25841249 |
Abstract | The widespread acceptance that increased dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), improve health is based on extensive studies in animals, isolated cells and humans. Visceral adiposity is part of the metabolic syndrome, together with insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension and inflammation. Alleviation of metabolic syndrome requires normalization of insulin release and responses. This review assesses our current knowledge of the mechanisms that allow n-3 PUFAs to improve insulin secretion and sensitivity. EPA has been more extensively studied than either ALA or DHA. The complex actions of EPA include increased G-protein-receptor-mediated release of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) from enteroendocrine L-cells in the intestine, up-regulation of the apelin pathway and down-regulation of other control pathways to promote insulin secretion by the pancreatic beta-cells, together with suppression of inflammatory responses to adipokines, inhibition of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha actions and prevention of decreased insulin-like growth factor-1 secretion to improve peripheral insulin responses. The receptors involved and the mechanisms of action probably differ for ALA and DHA, with antiobesity effects predominating for ALA and anti-inflammatory effects for DHA. Modifying both GLP-1 release and the actions of adipokines by n-3 PUFAs could lead to additive improvements in both insulin secretion and sensitivity. |
Keywords | n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids; insulin; adipokines; obesity; inflammation |
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020 | 321004. Nutritional science |
321401. Basic pharmacology | |
Public Notes | Files associated with this item cannot be displayed due to copyright restrictions. |
Byline Affiliations | Victoria University |
Kyoto University, Japan | |
School of Health and Wellbeing | |
Institution of Origin | University of Southern Queensland |
https://research.usq.edu.au/item/q301q/mechanisms-of-enhanced-insulin-secretion-and-sensitivity-with-n-3-unsaturated-fatty-acids
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