Teacher Mental Health Literacy and Child Development in Australian Primary Schools: A Program Evaluation

Article


Bowyer, Melissa, Fein, Erich C. and Krishnamoorthy, Govind. 2023. "Teacher Mental Health Literacy and Child Development in Australian Primary Schools: A Program Evaluation." Education Sciences. 13 (4), pp. 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13040329
Article Title

Teacher Mental Health Literacy and Child Development in Australian Primary Schools: A Program Evaluation

ERA Journal ID200411
Article CategoryArticle
AuthorsBowyer, Melissa, Fein, Erich C. and Krishnamoorthy, Govind
Journal TitleEducation Sciences
Journal Citation13 (4), pp. 1-22
Article Number329
Number of Pages22
Year2023
PublisherMDPI AG
Place of PublicationSwitzerland
ISSN2227-7102
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13040329
Web Address (URL)https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7102/13/4/329
Abstract

Primary school teachers play a significant role in the support of children with mental health and developmental concerns, which can be comorbid or share similar symptomology. The literature suggests there is a deficiency in teacher mental health literacy (MHL), indicating that teachers often lack the knowledge and confidence to support childhood mental health. This study evaluated the success of the Mental Health Literacy for Educators Training Program for a subset of Queensland (QLD) primary school teachers, with a focus on the developmental areas of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Speech and Language Disorders, and Sensory Processing Disorders. The aim was to evaluate whether knowledge and confidence improved on training completion and to evaluate the satisfaction of the training. This research used a longitudinal design (pre- and post-training) with a sample of 81 QLD primary school teaching staff over a three-year period (2013–2015). The results showed that knowledge and confidence improved on training completion and were strongly correlated. The satisfaction with training was high and positively correlated with knowledge acquisition and confidence attainment. In respect of complex effects, a moderated mediation model showed that confidence mediated the relationship between satisfaction and knowledge, and years of teaching experience as a moderator had no effect directly on confidence or in producing a conditional indirect effect on knowledge. This study considers limitations such as ceiling effects, participant and self-selection biases, and sample representation, which limits the interpretation of the findings. At last, it also recommends additional longitudinal follow-up periods to assess knowledge maintenance, teacher helping behaviours, and benefits to children as key directions for future research.

Keywordsteacher; professional development; mental health literacy; child development
ANZSRC Field of Research 2020520102. Educational psychology
Byline AffiliationsSchool of Psychology and Wellbeing
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Krishnamoorthy, Govind, Ayre, Kay and Rees, Bronwyn. 2020. "Helping children who have been affected by bushfires." Reflections. 2020 (1), pp. 3-6.
Effects of the ‘Circle of Security’ group parenting program (COS-P) with foster carers: An observational study
Krishnamoorthy, Govind, Hessing, Paula, Middeldorp, Christel and Branjerdporn, Melissa. 2020. "Effects of the ‘Circle of Security’ group parenting program (COS-P) with foster carers: An observational study." Children and Youth Services Review. 115, pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105082
The security to lead: a systematic review of leader and follower attachment styles and leader–member exchange
Fein, Erich C., Benea, Daniela, Izadikhah, Zahra and Tziner, Aharon. 2019. "The security to lead: a systematic review of leader and follower attachment styles and leader–member exchange." European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. 29 (1), pp. 106-125. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2019.1696774
Stimulant expectancy questionnaire for men who have sex with men: a measure of substance‐related beliefs
Mullens, Amy B., Fein, Erich C., Young, Ross, Dunne, Michael P., Norton, Graham and Daken, Kirstie. 2020. "Stimulant expectancy questionnaire for men who have sex with men: a measure of substance‐related beliefs." Health Promotion Journal of Australia. 31 (2), pp. 309-319. https://doi.org/10.1002/hpja.271
Re-evaluating the factor structure of the self-assessed wisdom scale (saws)
Leeman, Trilas M., Knight, Bob G., Fein, Erich C. and Winterbotham, Sonya. 2019. "Re-evaluating the factor structure of the self-assessed wisdom scale (saws)." Innovations and Advances in Ageing Well: Joint Conference of the NZ Psychologists of Older People and the Australian Psychological Society’s Psychology & Ageing Interest Group in partnership with the Auckland University of Technology Centre for Active Ageing (2019). Auckland, New Zealand 28 - 29 Jun 2019 Aukland, New Zealand.
Examining the Effects of Cultural Value Orientations, Emotional Intelligence, and Motivational Orientations: How do LMX Mediation and Gender-Based Moderation Make a Difference?
Tziner, Aharon, Shkoler, Or and Fein, Erich C.. 2020. "Examining the Effects of Cultural Value Orientations, Emotional Intelligence, and Motivational Orientations: How do LMX Mediation and Gender-Based Moderation Make a Difference? " Frontiers in Psychology. 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.502903
Self-determination theory and academic life: strategies for reclaiming pleasure and professionalism distilled from universities in Australia and Europe
Fein, Erich C., Ganguly, Rahul, Banhazi, Thomas and Danaher, Patrick Alan. 2017. "Self-determination theory and academic life: strategies for reclaiming pleasure and professionalism distilled from universities in Australia and Europe." Riddle, Stewart, Harmes, Marcus K. and Danaher, Patrick Alan (ed.) Producing pleasure in the contemporary university. Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Sense Publishers. pp. 171-184
The effect of trauma on religious beliefs: a structured literature review and meta-analysis
Leo, Darius, Izadikhah, Zahra, Fein, Erich and Forooshani, Sayedhabib. 2021. "The effect of trauma on religious beliefs: a structured literature review and meta-analysis." Trauma, Violence and Abuse: a review journal. 22 (1), pp. 161-175. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838019834076
Substance-related expectancies mediate relationships between substance use (stimulants, alcohol) and condomless anal sex among men
Mullens, Amy, Fein, Erich, Ray, Madeleine and Young, Ross. 2018. "Substance-related expectancies mediate relationships between substance use (stimulants, alcohol) and condomless anal sex among men." International Journal of Behavioral Medicine. 25 (1 (Supplement)), p. S172.
Off-the-job embeddedness as a moderator of the relationship between work and life conflict and turnover intention
Treuren, Gerrit J. M. and Fein, Erich C.. 2021. "Off-the-job embeddedness as a moderator of the relationship between work and life conflict and turnover intention." International Journal of Human Resource Management. 32 (6), pp. 1251-1272. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2018.1510847
Integrating theories of alcohol consumption: how do drinking motives influence self-efficacy?
Girdlestone, D., Fein, E. and Mullens, A.. 2017. "Integrating theories of alcohol consumption: how do drinking motives influence self-efficacy?" 38th National Conference of the Australian Association for Cognitive and Behaviour Therapy (AACBT 2017):Innovations in Cognitive and Behavioural Therapies across the Lifespan. Sydney, Australia 26 - 28 Oct 2017 Australia.
State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)
Fein, Erich. 2017. "State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)." Pelling, Nadine J. and Burton, Lorelle J. (ed.) The elements of applied psychological practice in Australia: preparing for the National Psychology exam. United Kingdom. Routledge. pp. 89-91
Health behaviours and health literacy: Hepatitis B regarding Sub-Saharan African migrants living in Queensland
Majerovic, A., Mullens, A., Debattista, J., Fein, E., Gu, Z. and Siggins, F.. 2017. "Health behaviours and health literacy: Hepatitis B regarding Sub-Saharan African migrants living in Queensland." ASBHM - CHP Conference 2017. Gold Coast, Australia 13 - 15 Jul 2017 Gold Coast, Australia.
Integrating theories of alcohol consumption: how do drinking motives influence HAPA self-efficacy?
Girdlestone, Denise, Fein, Erich and Mullens, Amy. 2017. "Integrating theories of alcohol consumption: how do drinking motives influence HAPA self-efficacy?" ASBHM - CHP Conference 2017. Gold Coast, Australia 13 - 15 Jul 2017 Gold Coast, Australia.
'It breaks your soul': An in-depth exploration of workplace injustice in nursing
Skinner, Natalie, Van Dijk, Paul, Stothard, Christina and Fein, Erich C.. 2018. "'It breaks your soul': An in-depth exploration of workplace injustice in nursing." Journal of Nursing Management. 26 (2), pp. 200-208. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12535
Work intensification, work–life interference, stress, and well-being in Australian workers
Fein, Erich C., Skinner, Natalie and Machin, M. Anthony. 2017. "Work intensification, work–life interference, stress, and well-being in Australian workers." International Studies of Management and Organization. 47 (4), pp. 360-371. https://doi.org/10.1080/00208825.2017.1382271
Examining the influence of common core virtues in leader-member exchange (LMX): connecting virtue-based leadership traits to sustainable performance in a moderated mediation model
Fein, Erich and Tziner, Aharon. 2013. "Examining the influence of common core virtues in leader-member exchange (LMX): connecting virtue-based leadership traits to sustainable performance in a moderated mediation model." Wells, Geoffrey (ed.) Sustainable business: theory and practice of business under sustainability principles. United Kingdom. Edward Elgar Publishing. pp. 137-154
Queensland Chemsex Study
Ray, Madeleine, Garvey, Shane, Mullens, Amy and Fein, Erich. 2017. "Queensland Chemsex Study." The 2017 Australian Winter School Conference. Brisbane, Australia 27 - 28 Jul 2017
Virtue ethics in leadership operations: a pathway for leadership development
Fein, Erich. 2013. "Virtue ethics in leadership operations: a pathway for leadership development." Harris, Howard, Wijesinghe, Gayathri and McKenzie, Stephen (ed.) The heart of the good institution: virtue ethics as a framework for responsible management. Netherlands. Springer. pp. 73-84
Human motivation and performance outcomes in the context of downsizing
Tziner, Aharon, Fein, Erich C. and Oren, Lior. 2012. "Human motivation and performance outcomes in the context of downsizing." Cooper, Carey L., Pandey, Alankrita and Quick, James Campbell (ed.) Downsizing: is less still more?. United States. Cambridge University Press. pp. 103-133
Depression mediates HIV stigma and medication adherence in men who have sex with men (living with HIV)
Mullens, Amy B., Strodl, Esben, Fein, Erich, Stewart, Lauren and Daken, Kirstie. 2016. "Depression mediates HIV stigma and medication adherence in men who have sex with men (living with HIV)." 14th International Congress of Behavioral Medicine: Behavioral Medicine: Making an Impact in the Modern World (ICBM 2016). Melbourne, Australia 07 - 10 Dec 2016
Individual values and preferred leadership behaviors: a study of Romanian managers
Fein, Erich C., Vasiliu, Cristinel and Tziner, Aharon. 2011. "Individual values and preferred leadership behaviors: a study of Romanian managers." Journal of Applied Social Psychology. 41 (3), pp. 515-535. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2011.00724.x
Personality predictors of behavioral self-regulation: linking behavioral self-regulation to five-factor model factors, facets, and a compound trait
Fein, Erich C. and Klein, Howard J.. 2011. "Personality predictors of behavioral self-regulation: linking behavioral self-regulation to five-factor model factors, facets, and a compound trait." International Journal of Selection and Assessment. 19 (2), pp. 132-144. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2389.2011.00541.x
Safeguarding access and safeguarding meaning as strategies for achieving confidentiality
Fein, Erich C. and Kulik, Carol T.. 2011. "Safeguarding access and safeguarding meaning as strategies for achieving confidentiality." Industrial and Organizational Psychology: perspectives on science and practice. 4 (4), pp. 479-481. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1754-9434.2011.01378.x
Organizational citizenship behavior and turnover intentions: do organizational culture and justice moderate their relationship?
Sharoni, Gil, Tziner, Aharon, Fein, Erich C., Shultz, Tamar, Shaul, Keren and Zilberman, Lian. 2011. "Organizational citizenship behavior and turnover intentions: do organizational culture and justice moderate their relationship?" Journal of Applied Social Psychology. 42 (1), pp. 267-294. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2012.01015.x
The effect of perceived organizational support on the transfer of training outcomes to the workplace
Zumrah, Abdul Rahim, Boyle, Steven and Fein, Erich. 2012. "The effect of perceived organizational support on the transfer of training outcomes to the workplace." World Review of Business Research. 2 (4), pp. 130-147.
Modeling employees' deviant behavior and employers' reactions: an interdisciplinary approach using principal-agent and prospect theories
Tziner, Aharon and Fein, Erich. 2012. "Modeling employees' deviant behavior and employers' reactions: an interdisciplinary approach using principal-agent and prospect theories." Economics and Business Letters. 1 (4), pp. 10-20.
Categorising person-based ethical constructs using a framework of cognitive skills, moral volition, and personal values
Harris, Howard, Fein, Erich C., Kim, Aise and Hobson, Libby. 2012. "Categorising person-based ethical constructs using a framework of cognitive skills, moral volition, and personal values." Research in Ethical Issues in Organisations. 8, pp. 97-112. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1529-2096(2012)0000008012
Psychological contract breach: consequences of unkept promises of permanent employment
Ahmed, Ezaz, D'Netto, Brian, Chelliah, John and Fein, Erich. 2016. "Psychological contract breach: consequences of unkept promises of permanent employment." Contemporary Management Research: an international journal. 12 (2), pp. 183-210. https://doi.org/10.7903/cmr.13914
Mapping smart power onto the cardinal virtues and cross-cultural leadership dimensions
Fein, Erich C., McKenna, Bernard, Bernobic, Iris and Ahmed, Ezaz. 2017. "Mapping smart power onto the cardinal virtues and cross-cultural leadership dimensions." Muhlbauer, Varda and Harry, Wes (ed.) Redefining Management: Smart Power Perspectives. Switzerland . Springer. pp. 107-125
Relationships between ethical climate, justice perceptions, and LMX
Fein, Erich C., Tziner, Aharon, Lusky, Liat and Palachy, Ortal. 2013. "Relationships between ethical climate, justice perceptions, and LMX." Leadership and Organization Development Journal. 34 (2), pp. 147-163. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437731311321913
Raising the curtain: exploring dancers’ perceptions of obligation through the psychological contract lens
Stanway, Alicia R., Bordia, Sarbari and Fein, Erich C.. 2013. "Raising the curtain: exploring dancers’ perceptions of obligation through the psychological contract lens." Arts and Humanities in Higher Education: an international journal of theory, research and practice. 12 (2-3), pp. 254-267. https://doi.org/10.1177/1474022212473523
The consequences of transfer of training for service quality and job satisfaction: an empirical study in the Malaysian public sector
Zumrah, Abdul Rahim, Boyle, Stephen and Fein, Erich C.. 2013. "The consequences of transfer of training for service quality and job satisfaction: an empirical study in the Malaysian public sector." International Journal of Training and Development. 17 (4), pp. 279-294. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijtd.12017
Six habits to enhance MET performance under stress: a discussion paper reviewing team mechanisms for improved patient outcomes
Fein, Erich C., Mackie, Benjamin, Chernyak-Hai, Lily, O'Quinn, C. Richard V. and Ahmed, Ezaz. 2016. "Six habits to enhance MET performance under stress: a discussion paper reviewing team mechanisms for improved patient outcomes." Australian Critical Care. 29 (2), pp. 104-109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aucc.2015.07.006
Considering the gap between Implicit Leadership Theories and expectations of actual leader behaviour: a three-study investigation of leadership beliefs in Romania
Fein, Erich C., Tziner, Aharon, Vasiliu, Cristinel and Felea, Mihai. 2015. "Considering the gap between Implicit Leadership Theories and expectations of actual leader behaviour: a three-study investigation of leadership beliefs in Romania." Journal of East European Management Studies. 20 (1), pp. 68-87. https://doi.org/10.1688/JEEMS-2015-01-Fein
Tempering hard times: integrating well-being metrics into utility analysis
Tziner, Aharon, Fein, Erich C. and Birati, Assa. 2014. "Tempering hard times: integrating well-being metrics into utility analysis." Industrial and Organizational Psychology: perspectives on science and practice. 7 (4), pp. 554-568. https://doi.org/10.1111/iops.12195
Clarifying the effect of work hours on health through work–life conflict
Fein, Erich C. and Skinner, Natalie. 2015. "Clarifying the effect of work hours on health through work–life conflict." Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources. 53 (4), pp. 448-470. https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7941.12065
Virtue Ethics in Leadership Operations: A Pathway for Leadership Development
Fein, Eric C.. 2012. "Virtue Ethics in Leadership Operations: A Pathway for Leadership Development ." Harris, Howard, Wijesinghe, Gayathri and McKenzie, Stephen (ed.) The Heart of the Good Institution: Virtue Ethics as a Framework for Responsible Management. Netherlands. Springer. pp. 73-84